Peptide transporter 1 explained

Peptide transporter 1 (PepT 1) also known as solute carrier family 15 member 1 (SLC15A1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by SLC15A1 gene.^{[1] [2]} PepT 1 is a solute carrier for oligopeptides. It functions in renal oligopeptide reabsorption and in the intestines in a proton dependent way, hence acting like a cotransporter.^[3]

Function

SLC15A1is localized to the brush border membrane of the intestinal epithelium and mediates the uptake of di- and tripeptides from the lumen into the enterocytes. This protein plays an important role in the uptake and digestion of dietary proteins. This protein also facilitates the absorption of numerous peptidomimetic drugs.^{[1] [3]} Peptide transporter 1 functions in nutrient and drug transport have been studied using intestinal organoids.^{[4] [5]}

See also

• Solute carrier family

Further reading

• Adibi SA . Regulation of expression of the intestinal oligopeptide transporter (Pept-1) in health and disease . Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. . 285 . 5 . G779–88 . 2003 . 14561585 . 10.1152/ajpgi.00056.2003 .
• Ganapathy ME, Brandsch M, Prasad PD, Ganapathy V, Leibach FH . Differential recognition of beta -lactam antibiotics by intestinal and renal peptide transporters, PEPT 1 and PEPT 2 . J. Biol. Chem. . 270 . 43 . 25672–7 . 1995 . 7592745 . 10.1074/jbc.270.43.25672 . free .
• Thamotharan M, Lombardo YB, Bawani SZ, Adibi SA . An active mechanism for completion of the final stage of protein degradation in the liver, lysosomal transport of dipeptides . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 18 . 11786–90 . 1997 . 9115234 . 10.1074/jbc.272.18.11786 . free .
• Saito H, Motohashi H, Mukai M, Inui K . Cloning and characterization of a pH-sensing regulatory factor that modulates transport activity of the human H+/peptide cotransporter, PEPT1 . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 237 . 3 . 577–82 . 1997 . 9299407 . 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7129 .
• Gonzalez DE, Covitz KM, Sadée W, Mrsny RJ . An oligopeptide transporter is expressed at high levels in the pancreatic carcinoma cell lines AsPc-1 and Capan-2 . Cancer Res. . 58 . 3 . 519–25 . 1998 . 9458100 .
• Walker D, Thwaites DT, Simmons NL, Gilbert HJ, Hirst BH . Substrate upregulation of the human small intestinal peptide transporter, hPepT1 . J. Physiol. . 507 . 3 . 697–706 . 1998 . 9508831 . 2230834 . 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.697bs.x .
• Ashida K, Katsura T, Motohashi H, Saito H, Inui K . Thyroid hormone regulates the activity and expression of the peptide transporter PEPT1 in Caco-2 cells . Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. . 282 . 4 . G617–23 . 2002 . 11897620 . 10.1152/ajpgi.00344.2001 .
• Döring F, Martini C, Walter J, Daniel H . Importance of a small N-terminal region in mammalian peptide transporters for substrate affinity and function . J. Membr. Biol. . 186 . 2 . 55–62 . 2002 . 11944083 . 10.1007/s00232-001-0135-9 . 11211548 .
• Ford D, Howard A, Hirst BH . Expression of the peptide transporter hPepT1 in human colon: a potential route for colonic protein nitrogen and drug absorption . Histochem. Cell Biol. . 119 . 1 . 37–43 . 2003 . 12548404 . 10.1007/s00418-002-0479-y . 7822041 .
• Neumann J, Brandsch M . Delta-aminolevulinic acid transport in cancer cells of the human extrahepatic biliary duct . J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. . 305 . 1 . 219–24 . 2003 . 12649372 . 10.1124/jpet.102.046573 . 34721079 .
• Sun BW, Zhao XC, Wang GJ, Li N, Li JS . Hormonal regulation of dipeptide transporter (PepT1) in Caco-2 cells with normal and anoxia/reoxygenation management . World J. Gastroenterol. . 9 . 4 . 808–12 . 2003 . 12679938 . 4611455 . 10.3748/wjg.v9.i4.808 . free .
• Kulkarni AA, Haworth IS, Lee VH . Transmembrane segment 5 of the dipeptide transporter hPepT1 forms a part of the substrate translocation pathway . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 306 . 1 . 177–85 . 2003 . 12788085 . 10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00926-4 .
• Kulkarni AA, Haworth IS, Uchiyama T, Lee VH . Analysis of transmembrane segment 7 of the dipeptide transporter hPepT1 by cysteine-scanning mutagenesis . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 51 . 51833–40 . 2004 . 14532279 . 10.1074/jbc.M308356200 . free .
• Uchiyama T, Kulkarni AA, Davies DL, Lee VH . Biophysical evidence for His57 as a proton-binding site in the mammalian intestinal transporter hPepT1 . Pharm. Res. . 20 . 12 . 1911–6 . 2004 . 14725353 . 10.1023/B:PHAM.0000008036.05892.e9 . 43450358 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: SLC15A1 Solute carrier family 15 (oligopeptide transporter), member 1.
2. Liang R, Fei YJ, Prasad PD, Ramamoorthy S, Han H, Yang-Feng TL, Hediger MA, Ganapathy V, Leibach FH . Human intestinal H+/peptide cotransporter. Cloning, functional expression, and chromosomal localization . J. Biol. Chem. . 270 . 12 . 6456–63 . March 1995 . 7896779 . 10.1074/jbc.270.12.6456 . free .
3. Adibi SA . The oligopeptide transporter (Pept-1) in human intestine: biology and function . Gastroenterology . 113 . 1 . 332–40 . July 1997 . 9207295 . 10.1016/S0016-5085(97)70112-4 .
4. Zietek T, Rath E, Haller D, Daniel H . Intestinal organoids for assessing nutrient transport, sensing and incretin secretion . Scientific Reports . 5 . 1 . 16831 . November 2015 . 26582215 . 10.1038/srep16831 . 4652176 . free . 2015NatSR...516831Z .
5. Zietek T, Giesbertz P, Ewers M, Reichart F, Weinmüller M, Demir IE, Haller D, Ceyhan GO, Kessler H, Rath E . 2020. Organoids to Study Intestinal Nutrient Transport, Drug Uptake and Metabolism – Update to the Human Model and Expansion of Applications . Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology . 8 . 577656 . 10.3389/fbioe.2020.577656 . 33015026 . 7516017 . free .