SHOX2 explained
Short-stature homeobox 2, also known as homeobox protein Og12X or paired-related homeobox protein SHOT, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SHOX2 gene.[1] [2] [3]
Function
SHOX2 is a member of the homeobox family of genes that encode proteins containing a 60-amino acid residue motif that represents a DNA-binding domain. Homeobox proteins have been characterized extensively as transcriptional regulators involved in pattern formation in both invertebrate and vertebrate species.[1]
Clinical significance
Several human genetic disorders are caused by aberrations in human homeobox genes. This locus represents a pseudoautosomal homeobox gene that is thought to be responsible for idiopathic short stature, and it is implicated in the short stature phenotype of Turner syndrome patients. This gene is considered to be a candidate gene for Cornelia de Lange syndrome.[1]
SHOX2 localises on chromosome 3, so it is an autosomal and not a pseudoautosomal homeobox (SHOX, which localises on the PAR1 region of chromosome X and Y, has a pseudoautosomal hereditability).
Further reading
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928.
- De Baere E, Speleman F, Van Roy N, etal . Assignment of SHOX2 (alias OG12X and SHOT) to human chromosome bands 3q25→q26.1 by in situ hybridization. . Cytogenet. Cell Genet. . 82 . 3–4 . 228–9 . 1998 . 9858825 . 10.1159/000015108. 19905636 .
- Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, etal . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . free .
- Zhou W . Chen H . Zhang L . The PcG protein hPc2 interacts with the N-terminus of histone demethylase JARID1B and acts as a transcriptional co-repressor. . BMB Rep . 42 . 3 . 154–9 . 2009 . 19336002 . 10.5483/bmbrep.2009.42.3.154. free .
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2002 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241. 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
- Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, etal . Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. . Genome Res. . 16 . 1 . 55–65 . 2006 . 16344560 . 10.1101/gr.4039406 . 1356129.
- Yerges LM, Klei L, Cauley JA, etal . High-density association study of 383 candidate genes for volumetric BMD at the femoral neck and lumbar spine among older men. . J. Bone Miner. Res. . 24 . 12 . 2039–49 . 2009 . 19453261 . 10.1359/jbmr.090524 . 2791518.
- Ravasi T, Suzuki H, Cannistraci CV, etal . An atlas of combinatorial transcriptional regulation in mouse and man. . Cell . 140 . 5 . 744–52 . 2010 . 20211142 . 10.1016/j.cell.2010.01.044 . 2836267.
- Hillman RT . Green RE . Brenner SE . An unappreciated role for RNA surveillance. . Genome Biol. . 5 . 2 . R8 . 2004 . 14759258 . 10.1186/gb-2004-5-2-r8 . 395752 . free .
__notoc__
Notes and References
- Web site: Entrez Gene: short stature homeobox 2.
- Blaschke RJ . Monaghan AP . Schiller S . Schechinger B . Rao E . Padilla-Nash H . Ried T . Rappold GA . SHOT, a SHOX-related homeobox gene, is implicated in craniofacial, brain, heart, and limb development . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 95 . 5 . 2406–11 . March 1998 . 9482898 . 19357 . 10.1073/pnas.95.5.2406. 1998PNAS...95.2406B . free .
- Semina EV . Reiter RS . Murray JC . A new human homeobox gene OGI2X is a member of the most conserved homeobox gene family and is expressed during heart development in mouse . Hum. Mol. Genet. . 7 . 3 . 415–22 . March 1998 . 9466998 . 10.1093/hmg/7.3.415. free .
