SGTA explained

Small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SGTA gene.^{[1] [2] [3]} SGTA orthologs^[4] have also been identified in several mammals for which complete genome data are available. STGA belongs to a family of co-chaperone proteins that obtain a TPR motif.^[5] STGA was discovered just 15 years ago.

Function

The molecular function of the protein states that SGTA is a small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat (TRP)-containing protein, ubiquitously expressed, interacting with the NS1 protein of parvovirus H-1.^[6]

The SGTA gene encodes a protein that is capable of interacting with the major nonstructural protein of parvovirus H-1 and 70-kDa heat shock cognate protein; however, its function is not known. Since this transcript is expressed ubiquitously in various tissues, this protein may serve a housekeeping function.

Overview of main functions:

• hormone signaling
• viral assembly and release
• cell cycle and apoptosis
• intracellular compartmentalization
• neuronal synaptic transmission
• post-translational transport and modification of proteins.

Small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein alpha (STGA) acts as a co-chaperone and regulator of androgen and growth hormone receptor signaling. The protein also mediates targets to the endoplasmic reticulum

Interactions

SGTA has been shown to interact with Growth hormone receptor.^[2]

Interacting Proteins for the SGTA Gene:

• HSPA4
• BAG6
• UBL4A
• HSPA8
• GET4

Associated Diseases

• Prostate, ovary, liver, and esophagus cancer
• Hormone-related polycystic ovary syndrome
• Amyloid-related Alzheimer's
• Prion Diseases

References

Further reading

• Roberts JD, Thapaliya A, Martínez-Lumbreras S, Krysztofinska EM, Isaacson RL . Structural and Functional Insights into Small, Glutamine-Rich, Tetratricopeptide Repeat Protein Alpha . Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences . 2 . 71 . Dec 2015 . 26734616 . 4683186 . 10.3389/fmolb.2015.00071 . free .
• Heavner GA, Audhya T, Goldstein G . Peptide analogs of thymopentin distinguish distinct thymopoietin receptor specificities on two human T cell lines . Regulatory Peptides . 27 . 2 . 257–262 . February 1990 . 2158125 . 10.1016/0167-0115(90)90044-W . 12562672 . Geraghty RJ, Talbot KJ, Callahan M, Harper W, Panganiban AT . Cell type-dependence for Vpu function . Journal of Medical Primatology . 23 . 2–3 . 146–150 . 1994 . 7966229 . 10.1111/j.1600-0684.1994.tb00115.x . 20674152 .
• Cziepluch C, Kordes E, Poirey R, Grewenig A, Rommelaere J, Jauniaux JC . Identification of a novel cellular TPR-containing protein, SGT, that interacts with the nonstructural protein NS1 of parvovirus H-1 . Journal of Virology . 72 . 5 . 4149–4156 . May 1998 . 9557704 . 109644 . 10.1128/JVI.72.5.4149-4156.1998 .
• Callahan MA, Handley MA, Lee YH, Talbot KJ, Harper JW, Panganiban AT . Functional interaction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu and Gag with a novel member of the tetratricopeptide repeat protein family . Journal of Virology . 72 . 6 . 5189–5197 . June 1998 . 9573291 . 110095 . 10.1128/JVI.72.6.5189-5197.1998 .
• Callahan MA, Handley MA, Lee YH, Talbot KJ, Harper JW, Panganiban AT . Functional interaction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu and Gag with a novel member of the tetratricopeptide repeat protein family . Journal of Virology . 72 . 10 . 8461 . October 1998 . 9766974 . 110251 . 10.1128/JVI.72.10.8460c-8460c.1998 .
• Liu FH, Wu SJ, Hu SM, Hsiao CD, Wang C . Specific interaction of the 70-kDa heat shock cognate protein with the tetratricopeptide repeats . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 274 . 48 . 34425–34432 . November 1999 . 10567422 . 10.1074/jbc.274.48.34425 . free .
• Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA . DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination . Genome Research . 10 . 11 . 1788–1795 . November 2000 . 11076863 . 310948 . 10.1101/gr.143000 .
• Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, Gassenhuber J, Glassl S, Ansorge W, Böcher M, Blöcker H, Bauersachs S, Blum H, Lauber J, Düsterhöft A, Beyer A, Köhrer K, Strack N, Mewes HW, Ottenwälder B, Obermaier B, Tampe J, Heubner D, Wambutt R, Korn B, Klein M, Poustka A . 6 . Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs . Genome Research . 11 . 3 . 422–435 . March 2001 . 11230166 . 311072 . 10.1101/gr.GR1547R .
• Simpson JC, Wellenreuther R, Poustka A, Pepperkok R, Wiemann S . Systematic subcellular localization of novel proteins identified by large-scale cDNA sequencing . EMBO Reports . 1 . 3 . 287–292 . September 2000 . 11256614 . 1083732 . 10.1093/embo-reports/kvd058 .
• Handley MA, Paddock S, Dall A, Panganiban AT . Association of Vpu-binding protein with microtubules and Vpu-dependent redistribution of HIV-1 Gag protein . Virology . 291 . 2 . 198–207 . December 2001 . 11878889 . 10.1006/viro.2001.1166 . free .
• Angeletti PC, Walker D, Panganiban AT . Small glutamine-rich protein/viral protein U-binding protein is a novel cochaperone that affects heat shock protein 70 activity . Cell Stress & Chaperones . 7 . 3 . 258–268 . July 2002 . 12482202 . 514826 .
• Pai MT, Yang CS, Tzeng SR, Wang C, Cheng JW . 1H, 15N and 13C resonance assignments of the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain of hSGT . Journal of Biomolecular NMR . 26 . 4 . 381–382 . August 2003 . 12815268 . 10.1023/A:1024029117511 . 19544209 .
• Wang H, Zhang Q, Zhu D . hSGT interacts with the N-terminal region of myostatin . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 311 . 4 . 877–883 . November 2003 . 14623262 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.10.080 .
• Lehner B, Semple JI, Brown SE, Counsell D, Campbell RD, Sanderson CM . Analysis of a high-throughput yeast two-hybrid system and its use to predict the function of intracellular proteins encoded within the human MHC class III region . Genomics . 83 . 1 . 153–167 . January 2004 . 14667819 . 10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00235-0 .
• Winnefeld M, Rommelaere J, Cziepluch C . The human small glutamine-rich TPR-containing protein is required for progress through cell division . Experimental Cell Research . 293 . 1 . 43–57 . February 2004 . 14729056 . 10.1016/j.yexcr.2003.09.028 .
• Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villén J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP . 6 . Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 101 . 33 . 12130–12135 . August 2004 . 15302935 . 514446 . 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 . free . 2004PNAS..10112130B .

Notes and References

1. Kordes E, Savelyeva L, Schwab M, Rommelaere J, Jauniaux JC, Cziepluch C . Isolation and characterization of human SGT and identification of homologues in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans . Genomics . 52 . 1 . 90–94 . August 1998 . 9740675 . 10.1006/geno.1998.5385 .
2. Schantl JA, Roza M, De Jong AP, Strous GJ . Small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein (SGT) interacts with the ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis (UbE) motif of the growth hormone receptor . The Biochemical Journal . 373 . Pt 3 . 855–863 . August 2003 . 12735788 . 1223544 . 10.1042/BJ20021591 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: SGTA small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR)-containing, alpha .
4. Web site: OrthoMaM phylogenetic marker: SGTA coding sequence . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303185155/http://www.orthomam.univ-montp2.fr/orthomam/data/cds/detailMarkers/ENSG00000104969_SGTA.xml . 2016-03-03 . 2010-02-17.
5. Philp LK, Day TK, Butler MS, Laven-Law G, Jindal S, Hickey TE, Scher HI, Butler LM, Tilley WD . 6 . Small Glutamine-Rich Tetratricopeptide Repeat-Containing Protein Alpha (SGTA) Ablation Limits Offspring Viability and Growth in Mice . Scientific Reports . 6 . 1 . 28950 . June 2016 . 27358191 . 10.1038/srep28950 . 4928056 . free .
6. Web site: STGA . 2023-11-28 . GeneCards The Human Gene Database.