SCIN explained

Scinderin (also known as adseverin) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SCIN gene.^[1] Scinderin is an actin severing protein belonging to the gelsolin superfamily.^[2] It was discovered in Dr. Trifaro's laboratory at the University of Ottawa, Canada. Secretory tissues are rich in scinderin. In these tissues scinderin, a calcium dependent protein, regulates cortical actin networks. Normally secretory vesicles are excluded from release sites on the plasma membrane by the presence of a cortical actin filament network. During cell stimulation, calcium channels open allowing calcium ions to enter the secretory cell. Increase in intracellular calcium activates scinderin with the consequent actin filament severing and local dissociation of actin filament networks. This allows the movement of secretory vesicles to release sites on the plasma membrane.

Further reading

• Rodríguez Del Castillo A . Vitale ML . Trifaró JM . Ca2+ and pH determine the interaction of chromaffin cell scinderin with phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol 4,5,-biphosphate and its cellular distribution during nicotinic-receptor stimulation and protein kinase C activation. . J. Cell Biol. . 119 . 4 . 797–810 . 1992 . 1331119 . 10.1083/jcb.119.4.797 . 2289683 .
• Rodríguez Del Castillo A . Vitale ML . Tchakarov L . Trifaró JM . Human platelets contain scinderin, a Ca(2+)-dependent actin filament-severing protein. . Thromb. Haemost. . 67 . 2 . 248–51 . 1992 . 1621245 . 10.1055/s-0038-1648420. 20052201 .
• Lueck A . Brown D . Kwiatkowski DJ . The actin-binding proteins adseverin and gelsolin are both highly expressed but differentially localized in kidney and intestine. . 111 . J. Cell Sci. . (Pt 24) . 3633–43 . 1999 . 24 . 10.1242/jcs.111.24.3633 . 9819354 .
• Zunino R, Li Q, Rosé SD, etal . Expression of scinderin in megakaryoblastic leukemia cells induces differentiation, maturation, and apoptosis with release of plateletlike particles and inhibits proliferation and tumorigenesis. . Blood . 98 . 7 . 2210–9 . 2001 . 11568009 . 10.1182/blood.V98.7.2210 . free . 11336/60914 . free .
• Nagase T . Kikuno R . Ohara O . Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XXI. The complete sequences of 60 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins. . DNA Res. . 8 . 4 . 179–87 . 2002 . 11572484 . 10.1093/dnares/8.4.179 . free .
• Lejen T . Pene TD . Rosé SD . Trifaró JM . The role of different Scinderin domains in the control of F-actin cytoskeleton during exocytosis. . Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. . 971 . 1. 248–50 . 2002 . 12438125 . 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04469.x . 2002NYASA.971..248L . 19994226 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, etal . The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. . Nature . 424 . 6945 . 157–64 . 2003 . 12853948 . 10.1038/nature01782 . 2003Natur.424..157H . free .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, etal . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . free .
• Bouwmeester T, Bauch A, Ruffner H, etal . A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway. . Nat. Cell Biol. . 6 . 2 . 97–105 . 2004 . 14743216 . 10.1038/ncb1086 . 11683986 .
• Ehre C, Rossi AH, Abdullah LH, etal . Barrier role of actin filaments in regulated mucin secretion from airway goblet cells. . Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. . 288 . 1 . C46–56 . 2005 . 15342343 . 10.1152/ajpcell.00397.2004 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Otsuki T, Ota T, Nishikawa T, etal . Signal sequence and keyword trap in silico for selection of full-length human cDNAs encoding secretion or membrane proteins from oligo-capped cDNA libraries. . DNA Res. . 12 . 2 . 117–26 . 2007 . 16303743 . 10.1093/dnares/12.2.117 . free .
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, etal . Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. . Genome Res. . 16 . 1 . 55–65 . 2006 . 16344560 . 10.1101/gr.4039406 . 1356129 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: SCIN scinderin.
2. 24155256. 2013. Ghoshdastider. U. The expanding superfamily of gelsolin homology domain proteins. Cytoskeleton. 70. 11. 775–95. Popp. D. Burtnick. L. D.. Robinson. R. C.. 10.1002/cm.21149. 205643538.