SCE-200 explained

SCE-200
Designer:LPSC, ISRO
Manufacturer:Godrej & Boyce[1] [2]
Purpose:Main engine
Status:Under Development
Type:liquid
Mixture Ratio:2.65[3]
Combustion Chamber:1
Thrust(Sl):1820kN
Thrust(Vac):2030kN
Throttle Range:60% to 105%
Chamber Pressure:18MPa
Mass Flow:640 kg/s [4]
Dry Weight:~2700 kg

The SCE-200 (also referred as Semi-Cryogenic Engine-200) is a 2 MN thrust class liquid rocket engine, being developed to power Indian Space Research Organisation's (ISRO) existing LVM3 and upcoming heavy and super heavy-lift launch vehicles. It is being developed by the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC) of ISRO, and is expected to have first flight in 2020s.

Burning liquid oxygen (LOX) and RP-1 kerosene in an oxidizer-rich staged combustion cycle,[5] the engine will boost payload capacity of LVM3 replacing current L110 stage powered by 2 Vikas engines. It is also expected to power ISRO's upcoming Next Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV)[6] rockets (previously planned as ULV) as well as ISRO's future reusable rockets based on RLV technology demonstrations.[7] [8] [9] [10]

The engine in September 2019 reportedly had become ready to begin testing in Ukraine and enter service no earlier than 2022. The use of engine of India's first human spaceflight, hence was ruled out by ISRO. By November 2022, SCE-200 had neared completion of its qualification tests. The Semi-Cryogenic Engine and Stage Test Facility at the ISRO Propulsion Complex Mahendergiri was preparing for ground tests now that the SCE-200 had reached the final stages of development.[11]

Background

On June 2, 2005, India and Ukraine signed the Framework Agreement between the Government of Ukraine and the Government of the Republic of India on Cooperation in the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, which would enter in force on February 15, 2006. Agreement also involved the transfer of blueprints for a rocket engine by the Yuzhnoye Design Office. The engine blueprints supposedly transferred by Ukraine to India, have been identified as the RD-810 which in turn is a variant of Russian RD-120.[12] [13]

According to official press release on March 26, 2013, by Ukrainian Ministry of Economic Development and Trade, development of a rocket engine for Indian launch vehicles initiated in 2006 under a joint Indian-Ukrainian project named "Jasmine".[14] [15] [16] [17] [18]

History

In 2009, SCE-200 program was approved for and program to develop a 2 MN class main engine began.[19]

During May and June 2015, ISRO and Roscosmos signed a wide-ranging Memorandum of Understanding for cooperation in space. A. S. Kiran Kumar, Chairman of the ISRO, stated that one of the first benefits would be the availability of Russian test stand for initial testing of the SCE-200, while the Mahendragiri semi-cryogenic test stand being built. The engine is a part of the semi-cryogenic launch vehicle program, which would be capable of placing 6000kg-10000kgkg (13,000lb-20,000lbkg) in GTO. The engine however will not be the part of first flight of Gaganyaan, India's first crewed mission to space, given timelines and schedules.[20]

In 2017, Ukrainian firm Yuzhmash was contracted by ISRO to conduct tests on critical components of SCE-200. First stage of contract was reportedly complete and tests were expected to be completed by 2019.[21] [22] In April 2022, ISRO chairman S. Somanath stated that tests within the country were to begin in next 3 months.[23] By November 2022, the test facility and stand had been nearly ready for engine as well as SC120 stage test which would upgrade India's existing LVM3 rocket.[24] [25]

Development and testing

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Godrej Aerospace to make semi-cryogenic engines. M Ramesh. The Hindu Business Line.
  2. Web site: Archived copy . 2015-11-02 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20151208064344/http://www.godrej.com/godrej/PrecisionSystems/Pdf/semi_cryogenic_engines.pdf . 2015-12-08 .
  3. Web site: Semi-cryogenic Propulsion . VSSC.gov.in . 24 April 2019.
  4. "Launch Vehicles and Propulsion System" by Dr. V. Narayanan . 46 min. 10 sec..
  5. Web site: K. N. Jayachandran. Arnab Roy. arthasarathi Ghosh. Numerical investigations on Direct Contact Condensation (DCC) of oxygen vapor at the inlet duct to the main LOX pump in a staged combustion cycle based rocket engine. Cryogenic Engineering Centre and Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur.
  6. News: 2023-06-08 . ISRO readies plan for next generation launch vehicle . en-IN . The Hindu . 2023-07-17 . 0971-751X.
  7. Web site: Government of India, Department of Space, Annual Report 2015 - 2016. 26 May 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161213050333/http://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/article-files/right-to-information/annual_report-15-16.pdf. 13 December 2016. dead.
  8. News: ISRO's heaviest rocket is ready but is it enough for the load that lies ahead?. Raj. Gopal. 5 June 2017. The Ken. 5 June 2017.
  9. News: Post successful launch of India's heaviest rocket, ISRO sets its eyes on 10-tonne class payload launcher. NewIndianExpress. 7 June 2017.
  10. Web site: Annual Report 2016 -2017 (English) - ISRO. www.isro.gov.in. en. 2018-02-13. 13 February 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180213195652/https://www.isro.gov.in/annual-report-2016-2017-english. dead.
  11. News: Rajwi . Tiki . 2024-02-26 . ISRO’s Semi-Cryogenic Engine and Stage Test Facility at Mahendragiri . 2024-08-18 . The Hindu . en-IN . 0971-751X.
  12. Web site: Semi-Cryogenic Engines . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20151208064344/http://www.godrej.com/godrej/PrecisionSystems/Pdf/semi_cryogenic_engines.pdf . 2015-12-08 .
  13. Web site: 2019-09-19 . ISRO moves on, gears up to test semi-cryogenic engine in Ukraine . 2023-07-03 . www.thehindubusinessline.com . en.
  14. Web site: Урядовий портал :: Україна розробляє ракетний двигун для індійської ракети-носія. www.kmu.gov.ua. 2016-03-15.
  15. Web site: Урядовий портал :: Ukraine designs rocket for Indian launch vehicle. www.kmu.gov.ua. 2016-03-15.
  16. Web site: Ukraine to test components of a powerful Indian rocket engine. www.russianspaceweb.com. 2018-01-11.
  17. News: Україна розробляє ракетний двигун для індійської ракети-носія. 26 Mar 2013. kmu.gov.ua. 11 Jan 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180111154536/http://old.kmu.gov.ua/kmu/control/uk/publish/article?art_id=246185883&cat_id=248439752. 11 January 2018.
  18. News: Ukraine designs rocket for Indian launch vehicle. 26 Mar 2013. old.kmu.gov.ua. 11 Jan 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180111155207/http://old.kmu.gov.ua/kmu/control/en/publish/article?art_id=246186471. 11 January 2018.
  19. News: Nair. Nandini. 2022-11-01. ISRO: Semi-cryogenic engine in final phase, will boost GSLV’s lift capability. Organiser. en.
  20. Web site: Episode 90 – An update on ISRO's activities with S Somanath and R Umamaheshwaran. October 24, 2019. October 30, 2019. AstrotalkUK.
  21. News: Ukraine expands industrial rocket building cooperation with south-eastern Asian countries. 2018-01-11. en.
  22. Web site: ISRO moves on, gears up to test semi-cryogenic engine in Ukraine. Ramesh. M.. @businessline. en. 2019-09-19.
  23. News: Sharma. Abhishek. 2022-04-10. वाराणसी में बोले इसरो के चेयरमैन डा. सोमनाथ एस - 'तीन महीने बाद लांच होगा देश का पहला सेमी क्रायोजेनिक इंजन'. Jagran. Varanasi. hi. 2022-04-17.
  24. News: 2022-11-01. As GSLV-Mk3 goes commercial, work on semi-cryo picks up pace. Bengaluru. The Times of India. 2022-12-17.
  25. Web site: Video of ISRO's Semi Cryogenic Integrated Engine and Test Facility. Space Park - Indian Space Research Organisation. 2022-12-17.
  26. Web site: Tests commenced on Semicryogenic engine at IPRC, Mahendragiri . 2023-05-10 . www.isro.gov.in . This test demonstrated the complex chill-down operations spanning about 15 hours duration that was conducted successfully, meeting all the required conditions for engine start.After the chill down of the LOX circuit, the feed circuit of kerosene was filled, and LOX was admitted into the gas generator by opening the injection valve. Successful performance of the test article helps derive the sequence of operations for further tests..
  27. Web site: First hot test of the Semi-cryogenic engine conducted at IPRC, Mahendragiri . 2023-07-03 . www.isro.gov.in.
  28. Web site: Successful ignition test on Semi Cryogenic Pre-Burner Ignition Test Article (PITA) . 2024-05-06 . www.isro.gov.in.
  29. Web site: Pillai . Soumya . 2024-05-06 . ISRO completes key test for India’s first semi-cryogenic engine to better future launches . 2024-05-07 . ThePrint . en-US.

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