S100P explained

S100 calcium-binding protein P (S100P) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the S100P gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21; however, this gene is located at 4p16. This protein, in addition to binding Ca²⁺, also binds Zn²⁺ and Mg²⁺. This protein may play a role in the etiology of prostate cancer.^[3]

Interactions

S100P has been shown to interact with EZR^[4] and RAGE.^[5] The interactions between S100P and RAGE are disrupted by cromolyn^[6] and pentamidine.^[5]

Further reading

• Schäfer BW, Heizmann CW . The S100 family of EF-hand calcium-binding proteins: functions and pathology. . Trends Biochem. Sci. . 21 . 4 . 134–40 . 1996 . 8701470 . 10.1016/S0968-0004(96)80167-8 .
• Emoto Y, Kobayashi R, Akatsuka H, Hidaka H . Purification and characterization of a new member of the S-100 protein family from human placenta. . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 182 . 3 . 1246–53 . 1992 . 1540168 . 10.1016/0006-291X(92)91865-N .
• Becker T, Gerke V, Kube E, Weber K . S100P, a novel Ca(2+)-binding protein from human placenta. cDNA cloning, recombinant protein expression and Ca2+ binding properties. . Eur. J. Biochem. . 207 . 2 . 541–7 . 1992 . 1633809 . 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb17080.x . free .
• Gribenko AV, Makhatadze GI . Oligomerization and divalent ion binding properties of the S100P protein: a Ca2+/Mg2+-switch model. . J. Mol. Biol. . 283 . 3 . 679–94 . 1998 . 9784376 . 10.1006/jmbi.1998.2116 .
• Koltzscher M, Gerke V . Identification of hydrophobic amino acid residues involved in the formation of S100P homodimers in vivo. . Biochemistry . 39 . 31 . 9533–9 . 2000 . 10924150 . 10.1021/bi000257+.
• Harvell JD, Fulton R, Jones CD, Terris DJ, Warnke RA . Composite dendritic cell neoplasm (NOS) and small lymphocytic lymphoma. . Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. . 8 . 4 . 322–8 . 2001 . 11127925 . 10.1097/00022744-200012000-00010 .
• Gribenko AV, Hopper JE, Makhatadze GI . Molecular characterization and tissue distribution of a novel member of the S100 family of EF-hand proteins. . Biochemistry . 40 . 51 . 15538–48 . 2002 . 11747429 . 10.1021/bi0114731 .
• Gribenko AV, Guzmán-Casado M, Lopez MM, Makhatadze GI . Conformational and thermodynamic properties of peptide binding to the human S100P protein. . Protein Sci. . 11 . 6 . 1367–75 . 2003 . 12021435 . 2373636 . 10.1110/ps.0202202 .
• Filipek A, Jastrzebska B, Nowotny M, Kuznicki J . CacyBP/SIP, a calcyclin and Siah-1-interacting protein, binds EF-hand proteins of the S100 family. . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 32 . 28848–52 . 2002 . 12042313 . 10.1074/jbc.M203602200 . free .
• Zhang H, Wang G, Ding Y, Wang Z, Barraclough R, Rudland PS, Fernig DG, Rao Z . The crystal structure at 2A resolution of the Ca2+ -binding protein S100P. . J. Mol. Biol. . 325 . 4 . 785–94 . 2003 . 12507480 . 10.1016/S0022-2836(02)01278-0 .
• Nowotny M, Spiechowicz M, Jastrzebska B, Filipek A, Kitagawa K, Kuznicki J . Calcium-regulated interaction of Sgt1 with S100A6 (calcyclin) and other S100 proteins. . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 29 . 26923–8 . 2003 . 12746458 . 10.1074/jbc.M211518200 . free .
• Koltzscher M, Neumann C, König S, Gerke V . Ca2+-dependent binding and activation of dormant ezrin by dimeric S100P. . Mol. Biol. Cell . 14 . 6 . 2372–84 . 2004 . 12808036 . 194886 . 10.1091/mbc.E02-09-0553 .
• Arumugam T, Simeone DM, Schmidt AM, Logsdon CD . S100P stimulates cell proliferation and survival via receptor for activated glycation end products (RAGE). . J. Biol. Chem. . 279 . 7 . 5059–65 . 2004 . 14617629 . 10.1074/jbc.M310124200 . free .
• Jin G, Wang S, Hu X, Jing Z, Chen J, Ying K, Xie Y, Mao Y . Characterization of the tissue-specific expression of the s100P gene which encodes an EF-hand Ca2+-binding protein. . Mol. Biol. Rep. . 30 . 4 . 243–8 . 2004 . 14672411 . 10.1023/A:1026311423326 . 2276667 .
• Sato N, Fukushima N, Matsubayashi H, Goggins M . Identification of maspin and S100P as novel hypomethylation targets in pancreatic cancer using global gene expression profiling. . Oncogene . 23 . 8 . 1531–8 . 2004 . 14716296 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1207269 . 8156903 .
• Lee YC, Volk DE, Thiviyanathan V, Kleerekoper Q, Gribenko AV, Zhang S, Gorenstein DG, Makhatadze GI, Luxon BA . NMR structure of the Apo-S100P protein. . J. Biomol. NMR . 29 . 3 . 399–402 . 2005 . 15213440 . 10.1023/B:JNMR.0000032617.88899.4b . 86444278 .

Notes and References

1. Engelkamp D, Schäfer BW, Mattei MG, Erne P, Heizmann CW . Six S100 genes are clustered on human chromosome 1q21: identification of two genes coding for the two previously unreported calcium-binding proteins S100D and S100E . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 90 . 14 . 6547–51 . Aug 1993 . 8341667 . 46969 . 10.1073/pnas.90.14.6547 . 1993PNAS...90.6547E . free .
2. Schäfer BW, Wicki R, Engelkamp D, Mattei MG, Heizmann CW . Isolation of a YAC clone covering a cluster of nine S100 genes on human chromosome 1q21: rationale for a new nomenclature of the S100 calcium-binding protein family . Genomics . 25 . 3 . 638–43 . Jun 1995 . 7759097 . 10.1016/0888-7543(95)80005-7 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: S100P S100 calcium binding protein P.
4. Koltzscher M, Neumann C, König S, Gerke V . Ca2+-dependent binding and activation of dormant ezrin by dimeric S100P . Molecular Biology of the Cell . 14 . 6 . 2372–84 . Jun 2003 . 12808036 . 194886 . 10.1091/mbc.E02-09-0553 .
5. Penumutchu SR, Chou RH, Yu C . Structural insights into calcium-bound S100P and the V domain of the RAGE complex . PLOS ONE . 9 . 8 . e103947 . 2014-08-01 . 25084534 . 4118983 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0103947 . 2014PLoSO...9j3947P . free .
6. Penumutchu SR, Chou RH, Yu C . Interaction between S100P and the anti-allergy drug cromolyn . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 454 . 3 . 404–409 . Oct 2014 . 25450399 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.10.048 .