S100A5 explained

S100 calcium-binding protein A5 (S100A5) is a protein that is encoded by the S100A5 gene in humans.^{[1] [2]}

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells and are involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes, such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein has a Ca²⁺ affinity 20- to 100-fold higher than the other S100 proteins studied under identical conditions. This protein also binds Zn²⁺ and Cu²⁺, and Cu²⁺ strongly which impairs the binding of Ca²⁺. This protein is expressed in very restricted regions of the adult brain.

Further reading

• Schäfer BW, Heizmann CW . The S100 family of EF-hand calcium-binding proteins: functions and pathology . Trends Biochem. Sci. . 21 . 4 . 134–40 . 1996 . 8701470 . 10.1016/S0968-0004(96)80167-8.
• Schäfer BW . Isolation of a YAC clone covering a cluster of nine S100 genes on human chromosome 1q21: rationale for a new nomenclature of the S100 calcium-binding protein family . Genomics . 25 . 3 . 638–43 . 1995 . 7759097 . 10.1016/0888-7543(95)80005-7 . vanc. Wicki R . Engelkamp D . 3 . Mattei . Marie-Geneviève . Heizmann . Claus W. .
• Ridinger K . Clustered organization of S100 genes in human and mouse . Biochim. Biophys. Acta . 1448 . 2 . 254–63 . 1999 . 9920416 . 10.1016/S0167-4889(98)00137-2. vanc. Ilg EC . Niggli FK . 3 . Heizmann . CW . Schäfer . BW . free.
• Schäfer BW . Brain S100A5 is a novel calcium-, zinc-, and copper ion-binding protein of the EF-hand superfamily . J. Biol. Chem. . 275 . 39 . 30623–30 . 2000 . 10882717 . 10.1074/jbc.M002260200 . vanc. Fritschy JM . Murmann P . 3 . Troxler . H . Durussel . I . Heizmann . CW . Cox . JA . free .
• Bronckart Y . Development and progression of malignancy in human colon tissues are correlated with expression of specific Ca(2+)-binding S100 proteins . Histol. Histopathol. . 16 . 3 . 707–12 . 2002 . 11510959 . vanc. Decaestecker C . Nagy N . 3 . Harper . L . Schäfer . BW . Salmon . I . Pochet . R . Kiss . R . Heizman . CW .
• Teratani T . Restricted expression of calcium-binding protein S100A5 in human kidney . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 291 . 3 . 623–7 . 2002 . 11855835 . 10.1006/bbrc.2002.6494 . vanc. Watanabe T . Yamahara K . 3 . Kumagai . Hiromichi . Ishikawa . Akira . Arai . Kazumori . Nozawa . Ryushi .
• Strausberg RL . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . vanc. Feingold EA . Grouse LH . 3 . Derge . JG . Klausner . RD . Collins . FS . Wagner . L . Shenmen . CM . Schuler . GD . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Chan WY . Differential expression of S100 proteins in the developing human hippocampus and temporal cortex . Microsc. Res. Tech. . 60 . 6 . 600–13 . 2003 . 12645008 . 10.1002/jemt.10302 . vanc. Xia CL . Dong DC . 3 . Heizmann . Claus W. . Yew . David T. . 13596098 .
• Gregory SG . The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1 . Nature . 441 . 7091 . 315–21 . 2006 . 16710414 . 10.1038/nature04727 . vanc. Barlow KF . McLay KE . 3 . Kaul . R. . Swarbreck . D. . Dunham . A. . Scott . C. E. . Howe . K. L. . Woodfine . K. . 2006Natur.441..315G . free .

Notes and References

1. Engelkamp D, Schafer BW, Mattei MG, Erne P, Heizmann CW . Six S100 genes are clustered on human chromosome 1q21: identification of two genes coding for the two previously unreported calcium-binding proteins S100D and S100E . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 90 . 14 . 6547–51 . Aug 1993 . 8341667 . 46969 . 10.1073/pnas.90.14.6547 . 1993PNAS...90.6547E . free .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: S100A5 S100 calcium binding protein A5.