| Birth Name: | Stanley Donald Stookey |
| Birth Date: | 23 May 1915 |
| Birth Place: | Hay Springs, Nebraska, U.S. |
| Death Place: | Rochester, New York, U.S. |
| Field: | Materials science |
| Work Institution: | Corning Glass Works |
| Known For: | Inventor of CorningWare |
| Prizes: | John Price Wetherill Medal (1953) National Medal of Technology by President Ronald Reagan in 1986 National Inventors Hall of Fame, 2010 |
Stanley Donald Stookey (May 23, 1915 – November 4, 2014) was an American inventor. He had 60 patents in his name related to glass and ceramics, some patents solely his and others shared as joint patents with other inventors. His discoveries and inventions have contributed to the development of ceramics, eyeglasses, sunglasses, cookware, defense systems, and electronics.[1] [2]
He was a research director at Corning Glass Works for 47 years doing R&D in glass and ceramic development. His inventions include Fotoform, CorningWare, Cercor, Pyroceram and Photochromic Ophthalmic glass eyewear.[2]
Stookey was born on May 23, 1915, in Hay Springs, Nebraska, the eldest of four children born to Stanley and Hermie Stookey. Both of his parents were teachers, and his father also worked at some point in time as a bank clerk. When Stookey was about 6 years old, the family moved to Cedar Rapids, Iowa.[2]
Stookey went to Coe College from 1934 to 1936, where he graduated with his first degree, a liberal arts degree in chemistry and mathematics.[1] [2] Stookey’s grandfather (Stephen Stookey) was once a professor of botany and geology at that same college.[2] After graduation from Coe College, Stookey went to Lafayette College in Easton, Pennsylvania, in 1937.[1] [2] He received a $1000 fellowship to cover living expenses and as a teaching laboratory assistant in the chemistry lab.[2] In 1938, he earned his Master of Science degree in chemistry from Lafayette College.[2] Stookey then went to Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge where he received a doctorate in chemistry in 1940.[1] [2] The same year, he married his wife Ruth.[2] He received an honorary degree from Alfred University in 1984.[2]
Stookey took his career job at Corning Glass Works in 1940. He carried out research on glass and ceramics, which led to several inventions. Stookey studied and experimented with opal glass and glass ceramics.[2]
See main article: CorningWare.
One of Stookey's earliest innovations was FotoForm glass. The scientific community recognized its value around 1948. FotoForm glass is used in computer manufacturing and communications technology. A serendipitous invention made by Stookey in 1953 was when he took a piece of FotoForm glass and mistakenly heated it to 900 °C when he meant to heat it to 600 °C. When an oven thermometer was stuck on the higher temperature, Stookey had accidentally created the first glass-ceramic, Fotoceram.[2] It was later known also as Pyroceram. This was the first glass-ceramic and eventually led to the development of CorningWare in 1957. CorningWare went to the consumer marketplace the next year in 1958 for cookware by Corning Glass Works and became just one of Stookey's multimillion-dollar inventions. It influenced the development of VisionWare, which is transparent cookware.[2] VisionWare was patented by Corning Glass Works in 1966.[2]
Pyroceramic glass has the necessary properties to be used by the military for the nose cones of supersonic radar domes in guided missiles applied in defense.[2] It has the special properties of extreme hardness, super strength, resistance to high heat and transparency to radar waves.[2] It is the basis for Gorilla Glass, used in iPhones and other LCD screens.
Stookey also developed photochromic glass.[1] Photochromic glass is a glass that is used to make ophthalmic lenses that darken in bright light. These lenses were first available to consumers in the 1960s as sunglasses made by Corning Glass Works. It was a joint discovery and development of Stookey with William Armistead. Stookey also invented photosensitive glass using gold in which permanent colored photographs can be produced.[1]
Stookey retired from Corning Glass Works in 1987 after a career of 47 years.[1]
Together he and his wife raised three children named Robert, Margaret and Donald Bruce.[2] They had six grandchildren and eight great-grandchildren.[2] He died at the age of 99 in 2014.[3]
Stookey held membership in many professional organizations and societies, including: