Sōryū-class submarine explained

Ship Image:Soryu class submarine.svg
Ship Caption:Soryu-class profile

The Sōryū-class submarines (16SS) are diesel-electric attack submarines. The first boat in the class entered service with the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force in 2009. The design is an evolution of the, from which it can most easily be distinguished by its X-shaped stern combination diving planes and rudders. The Sōryūs have the largest displacement of any submarine used by post-war Japan.[1]

The Sōryū-class is Japan's first air-independent propulsion submarine class. From Sōryū to Shōryū are fitted with Kockums Naval Solutions Stirling engines license-built by Kawasaki Heavy Industries, allowing them to stay submerged for longer periods of time. The 11th submarine of the class, Ōryū, is the world's first lithium-ion battery submarine.[2] The cost of the sixth submarine (Kokuryū) was estimated at US$540 million.[3]

In 2023, the first of the replacements for the Sōryūs, the Taigei-class submarine,[4] entered service.[5]

Naming convention

Japanese submarines since World War II were named after ocean currents. The JMSDF changed its naming convention with the Sōryū,[6] and submarines will now be named after mythological creatures. Sōryū (そうりゅう) means blue dragon in Japanese and shares its name with the World War II aircraft carrier, sunk during the Battle of Midway.

Variants

The eleventh Sōryū-class submarine (Ōryū) is the first Japanese submarine in the fleet to mount lithium-ion batteries. The JS Ōryū was given a budget of under the 2015 Japanese Defense Budget.[7]

Lithium-ion batteries have almost twice the electric storage capacity of traditional lead-acid batteries. Updated Sōryū-class boats also added more batteries by placing them within hull spaces previously occupied by AIP system machinery. These upgraded boats benefited by increasing both the size and energy density of their battery storage. The change to lithium-ion improved the underwater endurance significantly and will be an advantage over the slow recharge capability of the AIP system.

In any event, JMSDF believes that lithium-ion is the way forward and intends to 'trial' this new system and compare it to the previous AIP system for operational effectiveness.

Exports

Japan offered Sōryū-class submarines to Australia as replacements for the Royal Australian Navy's s, as part of the .[8] On 9 April 2014, then-Australian Minister for Defence, David Johnston, described the Sōryū class as "extremely impressive"[9] while discussing Australia's future submarine options. On 26 April 2016, Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull announced that the Australian contract had been awarded to the French-designed Shortfin Barracuda,[10] though this deal was eventually rescinded.

India, Morocco, Norway, Netherlands, and Taiwan have also approached Japan, and expressed an interest in buying Sōryū-class submarines. During a visit to Japan, India's then-Union Minister of Defence, Manohar Parrikar, invited the Japanese government to participate in their US$8.1 billion Project 75I-class submarine procurement program.[11]

Boats

Project no. Building no. Pennant no. Name JapaneseNamesakeLaid down Launched Commissioned Home port Notes
S131 8116 SS-501 そうりゅう Blue Dragon31 March 2005 5 December 2007 30 March 2009
8117 SS-502 うんりゅう Cloud Dragon31 March 2006 15 October 2008 25 March 2010[12] Kure These five submarines are equipped with a new sonar ZQQ-7B.
8118 SS-503 はくりゅうWhite Dragon6 February 2007 16 October 2009 14 March 2011 Kure
8119 SS-504 けんりゅうSword Dragon31 March 2008 15 November 2010 16 March 2012 Kure
8120 SS-505 ずいりゅうAuspicious Dragon16 March 2009 20 October 2011 6 March 2013 Yokosuka
8121 SS-506 こくりゅう Black Dragon21 January 2011 31 October 2013 9 March 2015 Yokosuka
8122 SS-507 じんりゅう Benevolent Dragon14 February 2012 8 October 2014 7 March 2016 Kure This submarine is equipped with a new sonar ZQQ-7B and a new satellite communication device.
8123 SS-508 せきりゅう Red Dragon15 March 2013 2 November 2015 13 March 2017[13] Kure This submarine is equipped with a new sonar ZQQ-7B, a new satellite communication device and new torpedo counter measures.
8124 SS-509 せいりゅう Pure Dragon22 October 2013 12 October 2016 12 March 2018 Yokosuka
8125 SS-510 しょうりゅうSoaring Dragon28 January 2015 6 November 2017 18 March 2019 Kure
8126 SS-511 おうりゅう Phoenix Dragon16 November 2015 4 October 2018 5 March 2020 Kure These two submarines utilize Li-ion battery propulsion technology
8127 SS-512 とうりゅうFighting Dragon27 January 2017 6 November 2019 24 March 2021 Yokosuka

See also

Submarines of similar comparison

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: SS Soryu Class Submarines . Naval Technology . 2017-09-03 . 2018-07-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180719234118/https://www.naval-technology.com/projects/sssoryuclasssubmarin/ . 2018-07-19 . live .
  2. https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/japan-commissions-first-soryu-class-submarine-equipped-with-lithium-ion-batteries Japan commissions first Soryu-class submarine equipped with lithium-ion batteries
  3. Web site: 2013-11-04 . Japan launches newest submarine Kokuryu amid party atmosphere . unfit . https://web.archive.org/web/20131108125409/http://japandailypress.com/japan-launches-newest-submarine-kokuryu-amid-party-atmosphere-0438960/ . 2013-11-08 . 2013-12-14 . The Japan Daily Press.
  4. Web site: Taking a Closer Look at Japan's Futuristic Attack Submarine . 2019-06-25 . Kyle . Mizokami . Popular Mechanics . Hearst Digital Media .
  5. Web site: Meet the 29SS: Japan's New Stealth Submarine. 2019-11-07 . Sebastien . Roblin . The National Interest .
  6. http://www.clearing.mod.go.jp/kunrei_data/a_fd/1960/ax19600924_00030_000.pdf 海上自衛隊訓令第30号
  7. Web site: Japanese Ministry of Defense website, 2015 Defense Budget . 2015-05-09. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060422/http://www.mod.go.jp/e/d_budget/pdf/270414.pdf. 2016-03-04. live.
  8. Web site: Japanese Media Now Openly Talking about Japan-Australia Soryu Deal. Asia Security Watch. 15 May 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20130225084247/http://asw.newpacificinstitute.org/?p=11560. 25 February 2013. live.
  9. News: Government struggling to find replacement design for Collins Class subs: Defence Minister. ABC News. 9 April 2014 . 15 May 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160323142050/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-04-09/defence-minister-david-johnston-collins-submarines-replacement/5377266. 23 March 2016. live.
  10. Web site: France wins $50b contract to help build Australia's new submarines. The Age. 26 April 2016 . 15 May 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160531061655/http://www.theage.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/france-wins-50b-submarine-contract-20160425-goeuxh.html. 31 May 2016. live.
  11. Web site: India asks Japan to offer Soryu subs for Project 75I requirement - IHS Jane's 360 . 2015-04-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150131071836/http://www.janes.com/article/48448/india-asks-japan-to-offer-soryu-subs-for-project-75i-requirement . 2015-01-31 . dead .
  12. Web site: Submarine Unryu Delivered . Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd . 2010-03-25 . 2010-02-14 .
  13. http://www.brahmand.com/news/Japan-receives-Soryuclass-attack-submarine/15543/1/13.html Japan receives Soryu-class attack submarine