| Official Name: | São Fernando |
| Settlement Type: | The Municipality of São Fernando |
| Mapsize: | 280px |
| Pushpin Map: | Brazil |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of São Fernando in Brazil |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Brazil |
| Subdivision Name1: | Nordeste |
| Subdivision Type2: | State |
| Subdivision Name2: | Rio Grande do Norte |
| Subdivision Type3: | Mesoregion |
| Subdivision Name3: | Seridó Ocitental |
| Established Title: | Founded |
| Established Date: | 1872 |
| Unit Pref: | Imperial |
| Area Total Km2: | 404,415 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 [1] |
| Population Total: | 3,595 |
| Population Density Km2: | 8.41 |
| Timezone: | BRT |
| Utc Offset: | -3 |
| Coordinates: | -6.3758°N -37.1839°W |
| Elevation M: | 200 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal Code |
| Postal Code: | 59327-000 |
| Website: | www.saofernando.rn.gov.br |
São Fernando is a city in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Norte, is located in the heart of Seridó Potiguar to 6 23'de south latitude and 37 ° 11 'west longitude. It was founded in 1872 under the name Pascoal, probably because of an existing hill near the present village. He belonged to the municipality of Caicó.It was a small town with mostly poor people. 1 June 1886 was considered District of Peace in 1953 and elevated to the category of town. He remained in this condition until December 31, 1958, when under the 2333 Act, a municipality has emancipated, dismembered the city of Caico, having as neighbors to the east Caicó, west of Jardim de Piranhas, north Timbaúba dos Batistas and south Jucurutu .
The vegetation is give as Caatinga (Tupi: caa (kills) + tinga (white) = white forest) - drier vegetation character, with plenty of cacti and plants bearing lower and spread. Among other species stand out jurema black mufumbo, faveleiro, quince, and xique-xique facheiro. The vegetation occupies 10% of the municipal territory inserted in the second Semi Arid region where more if it rains.According to the National Plan to Combat Desertification - PNCD, which defines desertification as land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas resulting from various factors such as climate change, human activities and excessive use of soil without moderation. The municipality of San Fernando is inserted into the area susceptible to desertification in Very Serious category, as well as the entire region Seridó where it is inserted.