Rye, New York Explained

Rye, New York
Official Name:City of Rye
Settlement Type:City
Map Caption1:Interactive map of Rye
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Type1:State
Subdivision Type2:County
Subdivision Name2:Westchester
Government Type:Council-Manager
Leader Title:Mayor
Leader Name:Josh Cohn (D)
Leader Title1:City manager
Leader Name1:Greg Usry
Leader Title2:City council
Established Title:Incorporated (as a village)
Established Title2:Reincorporated (as a city)
Established Date:1904[1]
Established Date2:1942
Unit Pref:Imperial
Area Footnotes:[2]
Area Total Km2:51.86
Area Land Km2:15.16
Area Water Km2:36.70
Area Total Sq Mi:20.02
Area Land Sq Mi:5.85
Area Water Sq Mi:14.17
Population As Of:2020
Population Total:16,592
Population Density Km2:1,094.60
Population Density Sq Mi:2,834.79
Timezone:EST
Utc Offset:−05:00
Timezone Dst:EDT
Utc Offset Dst:−04:00
Postal Code Type:ZIP Code
Postal Code:10580
Area Code:914
Blank Name:FIPS code
Blank Info:36-64309
Blank1 Name:GNIS feature ID
Website:http://www.ryeny.gov/

Rye is a coastal city in Westchester County, New York, United States, located near New York City and within the New York City metropolitan area. It is separate from the Town of Rye, which has more land area than the city.[3] The City of Rye, formerly the Village of Rye, was part of the Town until it received its charter as a city in 1942, making it the youngest city in the State of New York. Its population density for its 5.85 square miles of land is roughly 2,729.76/sq mi.[4]

Rye is notable for its waterfront which covers 60 percent of the city's six square miles and is governed by a waterfront act instituted in 1991.[5] [6] [7] [8] Located in the city are two National Historic Landmarks: the Boston Post Road Historic District was designated a National Historic Landmark by the National Park Service in 1993; its centerpiece is the Jay Estate, the childhood home and final resting place of John Jay, a Founding Father and the first Chief Justice of the United States.

Playland, a historic amusement park designated a National Historic Landmark in 1987 is also located in Rye. Playland features one of the oldest wooden roller coasters in the Northeast, the Dragon Coaster.

History

Rye was once a part of Fairfield County, Connecticut, belonging to the Sachem Ponus, of the Ponus Wekuwuhm, Canaan Parish, and was probably named for that chieftain, "Peningoe Neck".[9]

It was founded in 1660 by three men: Thomas Studwell, Peter Disbrow and John Coe. Later landowners included John Budd and family.[10] [11]

During the 19th and early 20th centuries it was a haven for wealthy Manhattanites who traveled by coach or boat to escape the city heat. Its location on Long Island Sound and numerous beaches also appealed to visitors with more moderate means who gravitated for short stays at cottages and waterfront hotels.

It has an extraordinary inventory of buildings with architectural distinction that help visually articulate specific neighborhoods and districts.[11]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of, of which 5.9sqmi is land and 14.2sqmi is water.

Rye is "situated in the eastern part of central Westchester County on Long Island Sound. The western border of the City generally parallels Beaver Swamp Brook, while the eastern border is formed by Milton Harbor and the Sound. Blind Brook traverses the City from the northwest corner of Rye to Milton Harbor at the southern end."[11]

Rock and wetlands

The geology and hydrology of Rye is characterized by a significant quantity of rock, marshes and wetlands [5] which makes the city both desirably scenic but also challenging for developers.

Rye's bedrock is predominantly constituted of Fordham gneiss and Harrison diorite also known as Byram Black granite.[12]

According to Rye's 1985 Master Plan, "Rye contains a variety of environmentally significant areas. Numerous tidal and freshwater wetlands are found near the waterfront and brooks. The Milton Harbor area (including the Marshlands Conservancy and Rye Golf Club), Disbrow Park and the Manursing area contain the most extensive wetlands in the City. In addition, substantial areas near the Sound, Milton Harbor, Blind Brook and Beaver Swamp Brook are within the 100 year flood hazard area, and thus subject to potential flooding."[5] According to the City of Rye, "Considerable acreage of these important natural resources has been lost or impaired by draining, dredging, filling, excavating, building, polluting and other acts inconsistent with the natural uses of such areas. Remaining wetlands are in jeopardy of being lost, despoiled or impaired by such acts contrary to the public safety and welfare." As a result,the city has charged itself with the responsibility of "preventing the despoilation and destruction of wetlands and watercourses while taking into account varying ecological, economic, recreational and aesthetic values. Activities that may damage wetlands or watercourses should be located on upland sites in such a manner as not to degrade these systems."[13]

In 2017, Rye resident and then New York State Senator George Latimer noted that wetlands maps for the area have not been updated in over 20 years [14]

Flooding

Flooding has long been an issue in Rye as in other coastal towns with water coming in from Long Island Sound. The Blind Brook watershed is also a source of that flooding with significant deluges recorded in the neighborhood of Indian Village after four days of rain in October 1975.[15]

Three major weather events in just five years produced catastrophic damage in the town.

The city's response to these recurring hazards was to apply for funding through the NY Rising Community Reconstruction Program. Rye received $3,000,000 to safeguard the city against future flooding threats, upgrade its infrastructure for resiliency, identify stormwater mitigation solutions, and protect historic buildings and natural wetlands.[20] [21]

Starting on September 1, 2021, Rye experienced another substantial flooding event. The storm lasted two days and caused significant damage to municipal facilities, businesses and residences.[22] Areas around Indian Village and other sections of the city that had previously flooded during Hurricane Irene were under 8–9 feet of water. Other areas around the town normally not affected by flooding were also affected. Prior to the flooding event, Rye had undergone approximately five inches of rainfall[23] from Hurricane Henri.[24] Two weeks later, the remnants Hurricane Ida dropped another 8–9 inches of rain in the area within a 12-hour period.[25] [26] Hurricane Ida remnants caused flooding in Rye nearly 10 years to the day from Hurricane Irene.

Archaeological significance and notable indigenous sites

As of 2010, seventy-five percent of the acreage in Rye or the equivalent of 3,954 acres had been determined to be archaeologically sensitive with many Indigenous and First Nations contact sites.[27] [28] [29] At least two villages have been determined to have existed, one on Manursing Island and the other on today's Milton Point.[30]

The presence of Indigenous people's activities has been noted in numerous locations where implements and bones were unearthed, including an "ancient Indian burial ground, site of the present Playland Casino"[31] together with discoveries of artifacts along the shoreline,[32] pottery, skeletons and relics along Milton Road,[33] [34] Disbrow Park[35] and throughout today's Boston Post Road Historic District including Marshlands Conservancy.

The presence of Indigenous people in Rye was more recently documented in a 2012 Phase IA archaeological investigation commissioned by Westchester County in connection with the construction of a bike path along the Playland Parkway in Rye. Within just one mile of the project site, the report noted a dozen archeologically sensitive areas. The publication included supporting data from files in the repositories of NYOPRHP and the NY State Museum; it further highlighted the existence of shell middens, evidence of camp sites and at least two burial grounds. One of these documented sites included the Blind Brook.[36] Additional findings have been made at the Jay Estate in archaeological digs conducted by Dr. Eugene Boesch[37] and submitted to the NY State Cultural Resource Information System (CRIS).

Neighborhoods

Many of Rye's unique neighborhoods are defined in the 1985 Master Plan.[11] Many have historic significance and their preservation was signaled as important for enhancing Rye's character. They include:

Proposed National Register District

Local or National Register Significance

Demographics

As of the 2020 United States Census, there were 16,592 people living in the city. This is representative of approximately 5491 households. 74.8% have a college degree. 15.5% were over the age of 65 and 51.7% were women. 88.2% identified themselves as White alone. 1.3% identified as Black or African American alone. 6.7% identified as Hispanic or Latino. 5.6% identified as Asian alone.[40]

Economy

Rye is home to:

Arts and culture

Lectures, concerts, exhibits and classes

Largest annual community events

Historic sites

Of the more than 2600 National Historic Landmark (NHL) sites in the country, Rye has two: the Boston Post Road Historic District [46] and Playland Amusement Park [11] Both are also listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Rye also has one of the few National Historic Landmark Districts in the country.

Boston Post Road Historic District

The Boston Post Road Historic District includes 5 historically significant parcels; much of the land was originally the ancestral home of American Founding Father John Jay. It is where he grew up and where he is buried.

Playland

Rye Playland is a 279-acre theme park is owned and operated by Westchester County and includes rides, games, an indoor skating rink or Ice Casino, beach, a boardwalk, and concession stands. It is one of only two amusement parks in the country with National Historic Landmark status, the other one being Kennywood in Pennsylvania. It has been a popular destination since it first opened in 1928. Its wooden roller coaster, the Dragon Coaster, built in 1929, is one of the last roller coaster rides built by engineer Frederick Church that is still operating.[51] The Derby Racer, also built by Church, is one of only three rides of its kind remaining in the world. Glenn Close's and Ellen Latzen's characters ride the roller coaster in the 1980s thriller film, Fatal Attraction. Airplane Coaster, Church's most acclaimed coaster, was removed in 1957.[52] Playland is also the setting for several key scenes in the 1988 comedy film Big, starring Tom Hanks

Sites on the National Register of Historic Places

Of the more than 88,000 sites in the country that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), Rye has 10 including the aforementioned Playland and Boston Post Road Historic District.[11]

Local landmarks

Rye has a local landmark law that protects the following properties:

Additional historic resources

Of note are two 200 plus year old milestones labeled 24 and 25 on the Boston Post Road, oldest thoroughfare in the United States. The concept of mile markers to measure the distance from New York City was originated in 1763 by Benjamin Franklin during his term as Postmaster General. These sandstone markers likely date from 1802 when the Westchester Turnpike was configured.

Rye is also home to a rare 1938 WPA mural by realist Guy Pene du Bois which is located within the city's Post Office lobby and titled John Jay at His Home.[56]

Rye is home to two of the 16 sites on the African American Heritage Trail of Westchester County- The Rye African-American Cemetery and the Jay Estate.[57]

Cemeteries and burial grounds

Churches and synagogues

Parks and recreation

Parks and nature reserves

Rye has over 454 acres of green open space with multiple types of usage from active to passive recreation including walking, hiking, bird-watching and dog walking.[11] It is also a significant coastal community. In 1991, the City of Rye authored a Local Waterfront Revitalization Program (LWRP) to provide clear guidance for addressing future water conservation and preservation issues [5]

Private and public clubs

Rye has numerous private country clubs, many of which were formed in the late 19th and early 20th century. The combined acreage of these clubs affords members and guests over 993 acres of recreation.[68]

Recreation facilities

Access to recreation in Rye is plentiful with numerous public, private and shared sports facilities from tennis, to ice hockey to boating.

Rye recreation facilities (79 acres total) (city owned and operated)

Other recreation facilities owned by city

Recreation facilities not owned by city

Government

Planning and zoning

Planning and zoning oversight is vested in several branches of the Rye government including several volunteer staffed committees like the Planning Commission, the Architectural Review Board, the Sustainability Committee, the Conservation Committee and the Landmarks Committee to name a few.[73]

Master plan (1985)

The city's current Master Plan guides the planning process. Also known as a Comprehensive plan, it was authored 39 years ago with an expectation that it would be updated again in 2000. Attempts to revise the 1985 document with community input as recommended in NY State's Statute on Comprehensive Planning[74] were made in 2016 and 2017.[75] The review, which was aimed to reflect current conditions of growth and forecast future changes, was not completed. As of 2018,[76] Rye lagged behind almost all of the 43 municipalities in Westchester County in updating this "serious document".[77]

Failure to modernize the 1985 Master Plan on that schedule has produced concerns from residents about the lack of community consensus, lack of informed and coordinated regulation of development and the subsequent impacts including increased flooding and a higher than expected volume of teardowns. Other concerns include threats to historical resources, cultural resources, natural resources, sensitive coastal and environmental areas and numerous other negative repercussions on neighborhood character.[78] [79] Previous Master Plans for Rye were created in 1929, 1945, and in 1963.

Local Waterfront Revitalization Plan (1991)

Rye is a coastal community with numerous sensitive wetlands and watercourses.[80] In 1991, the City of Rye adopted a comprehensive plan to further regulate land and water usage to protect and preserve these fragile resources.[8]

Sustainability plan (2013)

In 2010, spurred by disastrous flooding events in 2007 and other environmental concerns, the Rye Sustainability Committee (RSC) was formed and tasked with creating a plan to inform best environmental and land stewardship practices for the city. A sustainability plan was formally adopted in December 2013 [81]

Education

Public schools

Most of the city is in the Rye City School District.[82] Rye is served by three public elementary schools: Osborn, Milton, and Midland.

Rye Middle School and Rye High School are part of the same campus, and the two buildings connect.

The Greenhaven and The Preserve at Rye neighborhoods of the City of Rye are served by the Rye Neck School District.[82] Rye Neck High School and Middle School are on one campus also located partially in the City of Rye.

Rye High School has been named a Gold Medal school and the 61st-best high school in the U.S., ninth-best in New York state, and best in New York state if test-in schools are disregarded, according to U.S. News & World Reports 2013 "Best High Schools". The annual Rye-Harrison football game has been played for more than 80 years and is a top high school football rivalry in Westchester County. Rye High School's mascot is the "Garnets" a name given due to the abundance of the precious gem found during the school's construction.[83]

Rye schools were recently ranked #18 in New York State with "A" ratings in all aspects except diversity.[84]

Private schools

Media

Infrastructure

Transportation

The Rye train station provides commuter rail service to Grand Central Terminal in New York City or Stamford and New Haven-Union Station via the Metro-North Railroad's New Haven Line. The Bee-Line Bus System provides bus service to Rye on routes 13 and 61 with additional seasonal service to Rye Playland on routes 75 and 91.

Police department

Rye Police Department has 36 sworn police officers. The Rye Auxiliary Police is an all-volunteer force that provides assistance when needed. The Westchester County Police also patrol areas of Rye. New York State Police patrols Interstate 95 and 287, and MTA Police patrol the Rye Train station and property within the Metro North right-of-way.

Fire department

Rye Fire Department has 100 volunteer firefighters and 21 paid firefighters. The department has two fire stations.

Emergency medical services

Emergency medical service is provided by Port Chester-Rye-Rye Brook EMS at the Advanced Life Support Level (ALS). The agency has 30 paid EMTs, 15 paramedics and five volunteers. They operate up to five ALS ambulances and three paramedic flycars from their station in Port Chester and responds to over 5,000 calls a year between Port Chester, Rye and Rye Brook.

Notable people

In popular culture

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Office of the Comptroller . 2013 . Fiscal Profile . December 14, 2019.
  2. Web site: ArcGIS REST Services Directory . September 20, 2022 . United States Census Bureau.
  3. Web site: Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 – State – Place and (in selected states) County Subdivision . December 23, 2016 . United States Census Bureau.
  4. Web site: Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Rye city, New York . November 15, 2011 . United States Census Bureau.
  5. Web site: City of Rye Local Waterfront Revitalization Program . 2022-10-11.
  6. News: Brown . Betsy . 1988-01-10 . IN THE REGION: Westchester and Connecticut; Rye Weighs Plan to Preserve Waterfront . . 2022-10-11.
  7. Web site: Hazard Mitigation – City of Rye . December 14, 2019 . Westchester County.
  8. Web site: City of Rye LWRP . February 3, 2022 . NY Department of State, Office of Planning and Development.
  9. Book: Selleck, Rev. Charles M. . Norwalk . The author . 1896 . 371.
  10. Book: Robert Bolton . A History of the County of Westchester, from its first settlement to the present time . 1848 . Alexander Gould.
  11. Web site: 1985 . City of Rye, NY, 1985 Development Plan . November 3, 2019 . City of Rye Planning Commission.
  12. Web site: Quarry History of NY . November 23, 2019.
  13. Web site: City of Rye . Chapter 195, Wetlands and Watercourses . December 14, 2019.
  14. Web site: March 27, 2017 . NYS Senator Seeks Greater Protection for Wetlands . November 3, 2019.
  15. News: January 1, 1976 . Chronological Review of 1975 Seen in Chronicle Headlines . 11 . The Rye Chronicle.
  16. News: Robert D. McFadden . April 17, 2007 . Storm Leaves a Toll of Flooding and Hardship . The New York Times.
  17. Web site: Jay Sears . April 15, 2007 . Rye Hit By Second Flood In Six Weeks . February 6, 2022 . My Rye.
  18. Web site: Renea Henry . September 8, 2011 . Not Again, Rain Causes Flooding in Indian Village . November 3, 2019 . Rye patch.
  19. Web site: November 4, 2012 . Hurricane Sandy Hits Rye Hard . November 23, 2019 . Rye Fire Department.
  20. Web site: December 2015 . RISING Community Reconstruction Plan, Rye, NY . November 28, 2019 . Governor's Office of Storm Recovery.
  21. Web site: Robin Jovanovich . October 17, 2018 . Council Makes a Timely Decision on NY Rising Projects . November 28, 2019 . The Rye Record.
  22. Web site: September 22, 2021 . Ida Flood Review . February 6, 2022 . City of Rye.
  23. Web site: Miller . Ryan . Henri dumps rain, causes flooding in New York. How much to expect in each region . 2021-09-20 . The Journal News . en-US.
  24. Web site: Rain from Henri causes flooding concerns in Rye . 2021-09-20 . News 12 – Westchester.
  25. Web site: 2021-09-02 . PHOTOS: Massive Flooding Across Rye . 2021-09-20 . MyRye.com . en-US.
  26. Web site: Rye residents stunned by the amount of rain that fell during the storm . 2021-09-20 . News 12 – Westchester.
  27. Web site: August 2010 . CULTURAL RESOURCES INVENTORY LONG ISLAND SOUND – DREDGED MATERIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN, Long Island Sound, Connecticut, New York, and Rhode Island, VOLUME I, Contract #W921WJ-08-R-002, WHG #PAL0002 . May 18, 2020 . PAL Publications . 103–105.
  28. Lucianne Lavin and Birgit Morse . 1985 . Ceramic Assemblages from the Rye Marshland Area of Southern New York . The Bulletin and Journal of Archaeology for New York State . June 7, 2020.
  29. Web site: Stuart J. Fiedel . 1988 . Orient Fishtail Points from the Rye Marshlands Conservancy . June 7, 2020 . Archaeology Society of Connecticut . 111–124.
  30. News: October 16, 1926 . SIXTEEN GRADUATE FROM RYE HIGH SCHOOL . 3 . Rye Chronicle.
  31. News: November 18, 1965 . Historical . 13 . Rye Chronicle.
  32. Book: Charles Washington Baird . Chronicle of a Border Town: History of Rye, Westchester County, New York . 1871 . Anson D. F. Randolph & Company . New York . 193.
  33. News: Whitman Bailey . August 15, 1941 . Historic Milton Road . 1 . Rye Chronicle.
  34. News: October 16, 1926 . Historic Land; Arrowheads Found at Indian Hill, Off Milton Road . 16 . Rye Chronicle.
  35. News: July 13, 1945 . MR. MOREHEAD SUGGESTS DISBROW PARK FOR PUBLIC RECREATION . 5 . Rye Chronicle.
  36. Phase IA Archaeological Investigation, Playland Parkway Pathway, City of Rye, Westchester County, New York, Prepared for Westchester County Department of Planning . John Milner Associates, Inc. . July 2012.
  37. News: Marguerite Ward . August 16, 2013 . Archaeological dig uncovers Westchester's past . The Harrison Report.
  38. Web site: Howard Husock . September 11, 2021 . The importance of Dublin and Limerick, and the future of affordable neighborhoods . February 3, 2022 . American Enterprise Institute.
  39. News: October 26, 1961 . RYE NEIGHBORHOODS FORM CITY-WIDE ASSOCIATION . 10 . Rye Chronicle.
  40. Web site: Quick facts, Rye city, New York . United States Census Bureau.
  41. News: March 22, 1951 . Milton Point Mansion Given by Owner for Religious Work . Rye Chronicle.
  42. News: June 13, 1951 . Home for Laymen's Movement for a Christian World . The New York Times.
  43. Book: Edwards, Mark Thomas . Faith and Foreign Affairs in the American Century . Lexington Books . 2019 . 109.
  44. News: July 18, 2013 . Wainwright House on the Rebound . The Rye Record.
  45. Web site: Diana Marszalek . September 14, 2008 . Members Questioning Center's Priorities . February 2, 2022 . New York Times.
  46. News: Vivian J. Dennis . February 20, 1983 . The Sound Shore also offers diverse historic landmarks . Gannett Westchester Newspapers.
  47. Book: Field Horne . Westchester County: A History . 2018 . Westchester Historical Society.
  48. Web site: Cary . Bill . February 27, 2015 . Jay gardens in Rye to get 'sustainable' makeover . lohud.
  49. Web site: Welcome to the Hudson River Valley National Heritage Area . hudsonrivervalley.com.
  50. Web site: African American Heritage Trail, "The Westchester Way!" . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110718031608/http://tourism.westchestergov.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=37&Itemid= . July 18, 2011 . June 1, 2010.
  51. Futrell, Jim, Amusement Parks of New York, Stackpole Books, Pennsylvania, 2006
  52. Book: Munch, Richard . Harry G. Traver: Legends of Terror . 1982 . Amusement Park Books, Inc. . 0935408029 . Mentor, OH.
  53. News: November 24, 1960 . Historians Make Tour of Heritage Of Rye Landmarks . Rye Chronicle.
  54. News: March 17, 1960 . The Timothy Knapp House - Oldest Structure in Rye . Goddard Light. 13 . Rye Chronicle.
  55. Web site: February 11, 2011 . National Register of Historic Places Listings . Weekly List of Actions Taken on Properties: 1/31/11 through 2/04/11 . National Park Service.
  56. News: January 28, 1938 . Visitors Admire Mural of John Jay in Rye Post Office . The Rye Chronicle. 4.
  57. Web site: African American Heritage Trail brochure. December 17, 2021. Westchester County, New York.
  58. News: May 8, 1999 . Cemetery Offers Life Lessons . 2A . The Journal News.
  59. News: December 8, 1928 . Historic Map of Rye Village . The Rye Chronicle.
  60. News: April 21, 1960 . Peter Disbrow . The Rye Chronicle.
  61. News: Karen T. Butler . November 3, 2011 . Vintage Rye: Ode to the Odell Family . The Rye Record.
  62. Web site: City of Rye, New York . November 2001 . Flood Mitigation Plan . February 16, 2020.
  63. Web site: Open Space Planning Guide . December 6, 2019 . NY State DEC.
  64. Web site: Elsa Brenner . July 1, 2001 . In the Region/Westchester; Land Trust Helps Preserve Sites Throughout County . November 21, 2019 . New York Times.
  65. Web site: 2003 . Final List Water Quality Improvement Projects Under The Clean Water/Clean Air Bond Act of 1996 . November 21, 2019 . NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION.
  66. Web site: NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION . April 18, 2013 . Long Island Sound Enhanced Implementation Plan . November 21, 2019.
  67. Web site: Debbie Reisner . February 8, 2019 . Rye Town Park Secures Funds For ADA Compliant Upgrades . December 7, 2019.
  68. Clary, Suzanne,"Sailing and Tennis and Golf Clubs, Oh Rye!", Rye Magazine, Weston Publishing, (July 2015)
  69. News: July 14, 1921 . Meeting Here Tonight of the New Rye Club . The Daily Argus.
  70. News: February 15, 1930 . Disbrow Park . The Rye Chronicle.
  71. News: December 5, 1931 . J. M. Morehead's Gift to Village, Former Mayor Presents Property for New Parkway Leading to Disbrow Park in Milton . The Rye Chronicle.
  72. News: August 13, 1921 . New Rye Country Club Rushing Work of Construction of 18 Hole Course . New York Evening Post.
  73. Web site: Boards and Commissions . February 3, 2022 . City of Rye.
  74. Web site: NYS Statute on Comprehensive Planning . February 3, 2022 . New York State.
  75. Web site: September 24, 2017 . Rye Master Plan – First Public Session Tuesday, 7pm . February 3, 2022.
  76. Web site: October 2018 . Status of Comprehensive Plans Municipalities in Westchester County, NY . February 3, 2022 . Westchester County.
  77. Web site: What is a Comprehensive Plan . February 3, 2022 . Westchester County.
  78. Web site: March 29, 2016 . Looking to Update the 1985 Rye Master Plan, Tuesday 7pm . February 3, 2022 . My Rye.
  79. Web site: Bill Lawyer . April 10, 2016 . Remastering the Master Plan . February 3, 2022 . The Rye Record.
  80. Web site: Chapter 195, Wetlands and Watercourses . December 14, 2019.
  81. Web site: Bill Lawyer . January 22, 2016 . Sustainability in Rye, Looking Back and Looking Forward . February 3, 2022 . The Rye Record.
  82. Web site: 2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Westchester County, NY. U.S. Census Bureau. 2023-04-07.
  83. Web site: 2019-10-15 . Rye-Harrison Game Exhibit 2019 . 2024-03-19 . Rye Historical Society . en-US.
  84. Web site: RANKING PUTS RYE SCHOOLS AT #18 IN STATE WITH A "C" GRADE FOR DIVERSITY . January 17, 2020 . January 18, 2020 . My Rye.
  85. Web site: My Rye.com . November 28, 2019 . Jay Sears.
  86. Web site: The Rye Record . November 5, 2019.
  87. News: Feron . James . October 23, 1977 . INTERVIEW . The New York Times . September 4, 2020.
  88. News: O'Kane . Cahair . 23 May 2022 . McCole finding his way . . 23 May 2022.
  89. Web site: Will Sands - Men's Soccer .
  90. Web site: 2020-11-14 . Tatiana Saunders: Lewes FC goalkeeping and a finance career . 2022-01-17 . Sportageous . en-AU . 2022-06-26 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220626115320/https://www.sportageous.co/tatiana-saunders-lewes-fc-goalkeeping-finance-job/ . dead .
  91. Web site: July 10, 2018 . Edgar 'Ed' Wachenheim III . May 24, 2019 . CNBC.
  92. Web site: Mary Elizabeth Andriotis . How Two Historic House Museums Were Transformed for Season Three of Dickinson . November 8, 2021 . November 11, 2021 . House Beautiful.
  93. Book: Burns, Joseph E. . 2012 . Schuck . Raymond I. . Schuck . Ray . Do You Believe in Rock and Roll?: Essays on Don McLean's "American Pie" . McFarland . https://books.google.com/books?id=ri4TR522ONQC&pg=PP1 . 21, 22 . Chapter 1: A Long, Long Time Ago: A Lyrical Interpretation. 9781476600369 .

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