Lutos language explained

Lutos
Nativename:Ruto
Speakers:19,000
Date:1993–1996
Ref:e18
Familycolor:Nilo-Saharan
Fam2:Central Sudanic
Fam3:Bongo–Bagirmi
Fam4:Vale
Dia1:Ruto
Dia2:Nduka
Iso3:ndy
Glotto:luto1241
Glottorefname:Lutos

Lutos (Ruto) is a Central Sudanic language of CAR and Chad. Two distinctive dialects are Lutos/Ruto proper and Nduka.[1]

Phonology

!Labial!Alveolar!Retroflex!Palatal!Velar!Labiovelar!Glottal
Plosivepronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/
Implosivepronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/
Fricativepronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/
Nasalpronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/
Approximantpronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/
Vowels!!Front!Central!Back
Highpronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/
Mid-highpronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/
Mid-lowpronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/
Lowpronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/
Additionally, there exists the diphthong /ua/. It cannot be lengthened nor nasalised.

Lutos has three tones: high, mid, low.

Notes and References

  1. International Encyclopedia of Linguistics ed. William J. Frawley · 2003 p303 " In Central African Republic: 17,000 speakers in Nde ́le ́, Kaga Andoro, and Kabo subprefectures. Dialects are Nduka (Ndouka, Ndoukwa), Lutos (Ruto, Routo, Rito, Luto, Louto), Wada (Wad), Nduga (Ngougua), Konga."