Rue du Marché aux Fromages explained

Map Type:	Belgium Brussels#Belgium
Location:	City of Brussels, Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium
Coordinates:	50.8458°N 4.3531°W

The French: Rue du Marché aux Fromages|italic=no (in French ʁy dy maʁ.ʃe o fʁɔ.maʒ/) or Dutch; Flemish: Kaasmarkt|italic=no (Dutch), meaning "Cheese Market Street", now also known by its nickname the French: Rue des Pittas|italic=no or Dutch; Flemish: Pitastraat|italic=no ("Pitta Street"), is a historic street in Brussels, Belgium, near the Grand-Place/Grote Markt (Brussels' main square).^{[1] [2] [3]} It is lined with numerous pitta bars, pizzerias and cocktail bars.

Two blind alleys come from this street: the French: Impasse du Dragon|italic=no/Dutch; Flemish: Draeckengang|italic=no (currently the French: Impasse de la Poupée|italic=no/Dutch; Flemish: Poppegang|italic=no), and the French: Impasse du Poivre|italic=no/Dutch; Flemish: Pepergang|italic=no (now called the French: Impasse de la Cuve|italic=no/Dutch; Flemish: Kuipgang|italic=no).

Toponymy

The French: Rue du Marché aux Fromages|italic=no/Dutch; Flemish: Kaasmarkt|italic=no ("Cheese Market Street") used to be called the Smaelbeek in the 13th century. Then, it was renamed the French: Rue du Cercueil|italic=no/Dutch; Flemish: Kistenstraat|italic=no ("Coffin Street") before being changed back to its current name. It is today sometimes known under the moniker the French: Rue des Pitta|italic=no/Dutch; Flemish: Pitastraat|italic=no ("Pitta Street") due to the Greek restaurants found along it.

History

Until the 16th century, cheese, onions and figs were traded on a open-air marketplace called the Caesmerct (meaning "Cheese Market" in Old Dutch). The oldest place-name would have been Smaelbeek (1234), after the artificial stream which, according to historians, flowed there. Nowadays, it thought to be more likely that the stream ran through the block between the Rue du Marché aux Fromages and the French: Rue de la Violette|italic=no/Dutch; Flemish: Violetstraat|italic=no and that the Smaelbeek referred to the latter street.

The market stalls apparently hindered the shops on the street. In 1509, the authorities had posts with the Burgundian Cross placed to limit their space. In 1615, butchers were allowed to participate in the market, with fines being imposed as a precaution against insults or fights. Carpenters and wood turners took over in the 18th century. Their chairs, ladders and coffins on display gave the street all kinds of nicknames, such as Leerestroet and Kistenstroet. The latter name was still in use in 1900, long after the coffins had been banned from the street.

In the 1970s, the street did not have a great reputation, with quite a few nightclubs and drugs. Greek immigrants brought about a revival by opening pitta bars, a concept that Belgians were completely unfamiliar with at the time. The first was Athens in 1979. By cooping up together, they were better able to attract the attention of tourists. In the 1990s, they invested in visual Hellenisation of the street. In order to respect the rules of the UNESCO zone, all neon signs, signboards, columns and caryatids were removed in 2012.

Notable houses

The street has many preserved old houses, most of which were rebuilt after the bombardment of Brussels in 1695. Some underwent major changes in the 19th century but without losing their original appearance. Notable examples include:

• Au Cheval Marin or Zeepeerd ("The Seahorse"). Currently no. 1, at the corner of the French: Rue des Chapeliers|italic=no/Dutch; Flemish: Hoedenmakersstraat|italic=no. It has a door framing in the Louis XV style.
• Aux Troix Pages or Drij Pagekens ("The Three Pages"). Currently no. 5–7. It featured a facade that was recently stripped.
• Au Dragon de Fer or Den Eijseren Draeck ("The Iron Dragon"). Currently no. 15–17. Large house built in 1709 for Jean-Baptiste van Dievoet (1663–1751) and located on the right of the Impasse du Dragon.^[4] In the 18th century, its ground floor featured woodwork with recessed paintings and gilded leathers in the front room towards the street. On the facade hung an iron dragon as an ensign.^[5] The ground floor was totally transformed in 1882 into two commercial storefronts.^[6] This house's name finds its origin into the oldest history of Brussels since, according to legend, it is located at the same place where Saint Gaugericus defeated the dragon that was sowing terror on the territory that would become Brussels, and whose lair was located at this location near the Smaelbeek stream.^[7]
• No. 19: Considered the smallest house of Brussels, where the Impasse du Dragon starts.^[8]
• Au Chat or De Kat ("The Cat"). Currently no. 35, at the corner of the French: Rue des Éperonniers|italic=no/Dutch; Flemish: Spoormakersstraat|italic=no where it is no. 43. Built in 1697.^[9]

See also

• List of streets in Brussels
• History of Brussels
• Belgium in the long nineteenth century

Notes and References

1. Web site: eBru La rue du Marché aux Fromages Bruxelles Pentagone. 2021-12-28. www.ebru.be.
2. Web site: Localisation de 'Rue du Marché aux Fromages' sur 14 plans de Bruxelles. 2021-12-28. www.reflexcity.net.
3. Web site: Rue du Marché aux Fromages – Inventaire du patrimoine architectural. 2021-12-28. monument.heritage.brussels. fr.
4. The construction of this House provoked a lawsuit with his neighbour Mr Gérard Van Arckel due to a crack that appeared in his wall. (Archives Ville de Bruxelles, procès 4882. Procès, 1701-1710. Jan Baptista Van Dievoet contre Gérard Van Arckel. – 1710). This is told in : Remarques sur le commentaire de Me Louis Le Grand, sur la coutume de Troyes, à l'usage des Pays-Bas Autrichiens et principalement du Duché de Brabant, partie première, Brussels, 1777 : « À quelles reparations est tenus celui, qui en bâtissant dans son propre fond, préjudicie à son voisin. N. Van Divoet faisant rebâtir sa Maison, et ayant fait des fondemens plus profonds que du passé, cela fut cause que le mur de N. Van Arckel, son Voisin, se fendit : Van Arckel le tira en justice, et il fut contraint à réparer la fente au dire des Experts ; mais Van Arckel ne s'étant pas contenté de cela ; le Magistrat de Bruxelles jugea que Van Divoet devoit passer parmi cette réparation, et cette Sentense fut confirmée au Conseil en Janvier 1711. au rapport de M. Farisseau, sous le Greffier Bodry ».
5. Archives Générales du Royaume, Wyckboecken de Bruxelles, SMALBEECK WYCK. N° 23: « schoonen grooten nieuwen huijse die den transportant corts naer sijn vercrijge daer op heeft doen maecken alwar tegenwooordigh is uijthanghende den eijseren Draeck gestaen ende geleghen op de Casemerckt....nieuwen grooten huijse genoemt den Eijseren Draeck ende dat met allen de boiseringhen in den selven huijse wesende beneffens de schilderijen in de selve boiseringhen sijnde ende de goude leiren hanghende in de voor camere beneden ter straete alsmeede de schrapprijen staende naghelvast in den voors. huyse »
6. Le patrimoine monumental de la Belgique, "Bruxelles. Pentagone", 1B, p. 405 : « R. d. ch. commercial aux devantures jumelées et "classiques" érigées en 1882 ».
7. Victor Devogel, Légendes bruxelloises, illustrations de C.-J. Van Landuyt, Bruxelles, p.29 à 36. Voir p. 34: « Un dragon dévastait Bruxelles, ses campagnes, ses bois et ses marais. D'aucuns affirment même que l'allée du Dragon, qui existait autrefois dans notre cité, tirait son nom du séjour qu'y fit cet animal fabuleux. ».
8. Web site: – Inventaire du patrimoine architectural. 2021-12-28. monument.heritage.brussels. fr.
9. Le patrimoine monumental de la Belgique, Bruxelles, Pentagone, 1B, Brussels, 1993, p. 24 (rue des Éperonniers).