Rue de Richelieu explained
| Rue de Richelieu |
| Namesake: | Cardinal Richelieu |
| Map Type: | France Paris |
| Map Size: | 265 |
| Coordinates: | 48.868°N 2.3384°W |
| Arrondissement: | 1st, 2nd |
| Quarter: | Palais Royal Vivienne |
| Terminus A: | 2 Place André-Malraux |
| Terminus B: | 1 Boulevard des Italiens |
| Length: | 990m (3,250feet) |
| Width: | 12m (39feet) |
| Completion Date: | 23 November 1633 (from Place Colette to Rue Feydeau)
18 October 1704 beyond |
| Inauguration Label: | Denomination |
| Inauguration Date: | 1634?, then 1806 |
The Rue de Richelieu is a long street of Paris, starting in the south of the 1st arrondissement at the Comédie-Française and ending in the north of the 2nd arrondissement. For the first half of the 19th century, before Georges-Eugène Haussmann redefined Paris with grand boulevards, it was one of the most fashionable streets of Paris.
It is most notable for scattered coin dealers and currency changers, being near the Paris Bourse, the stock market.
Name
The street is named for the Cardinal de Richelieu, chief minister of Louis XIII from 1624 to 1642.
The street was originally called the Rue Royale and then Rue de Richelieu soon after. The name was changed to the Rue de la Loi during the French Revolution; its name was restored to Richelieu in 1806.
Buildings of note
- Palais-Royal, a Richelieu residence
- , a historical building (Site Richelieu)
- Comédie-Française, main hall (Salle Richelieu)
- The old Fauré Le Page store located 8, Rue de Richelieu at the corner of the Rue de Richelieu and the Rue de Montpensier. The famous firearms played an active role to the French Revolution by distributing arms to the people in 1789 and in 1830.
- The former Royal Palace hôtel which opened in 1909 was located in the same building as the Fauré Le Page store.
- The birth of the croissant itself—that is, its adaptation from the plainer form of kipferl, before the invention of viennoiseries—can be dated to at least 1839 (some say 1838) when an Austrian artillery officer, August Zang, founded a Viennese bakery ("Boulangerie Viennoise") at 92, Rue de Richelieu in Paris.[1] This bakery, which served Viennese specialties including the kipferl and the Vienna loaf, quickly became popular and inspired French imitators (and the concept, if not the term, of viennoiserie, a 20th-century term for supposedly Vienna-style pastries). The French version of the kipferl was named for its crescent (croissant) shape and has become an identifiable shape across the world.
See also
Notes and References
- The 1839 date, and most of what follows, is documented in Jim Chevallier, August Zang and the French Croissant: How Viennoiserie Came to France, p. 3–30; for the 1838 date, see Giles MacDonogh "Reflections on the Third Meditation of La Physiologie du goût and Slow Food" (p. 8); an Austrian PowerPoint – Ess-Stile – gives the date of 1840 (slide 46). A 1909 image of the bakery shows the same date for its founding, but the bakery was already documented in the press before that.
