| Rudolf Wegscheider | |
| Birth Date: | 18 October 1859 |
| Birth Place: | Großbetschkerek, Austrian Empire (now Zrenjanin, Serbia) |
| Death Place: | Vienna, Austria |
| Nationality: | Austrian |
| Field: | Chemist |
| Work Institution: | University of Vienna |
| Alma Mater: | University of Vienna |
| Doctoral Advisor: | Ludwig Barth zu Barthenau |
| Prizes: | Lieben Prize (1905) |
Rudolf Wegscheider (18 October 1859 - 8 January 1935) was an Austrian chemist of Banat Swabian origin.Wegscheider studied chemistry and was the founder of the Austrian School of Chemistry. He taught at the University of Vienna, and from 1902 to 1931 he was departmental Chair. He was the chairman of the association of Austrian chemists from 1904 to 1929. R. Wegscheider introduced the principle of detailed balance for chemical kinetics.