| Unit Name: | Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers (Militia) |
| Dates: | 1539–present |
| Country: |  United Kingdom |
| Type: | Field Engineers |
| Size: | Regiment 515 personnel[1] |
| Command Structure: | 25 (Close Support) Engineer Group |
| Garrison: | Monmouth Castle, Monmouth |
| Ceremonial Chief: | The Duke of Gloucester |
| Ceremonial Chief Label: | Royal Honorary Colonel |
| Garrison Label: | Regimental HQ |
| March: | Ap Jenkyn (Regimental Quick March) |
| Identification Symbol Label: | Tactical Recognition Flash |
| Identification Symbol 2: | Militia Flash |
| Identification Symbol 2 Label: | Arm Badge |
The Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers (Militia) is the most senior regiment of the British Army Reserve.[2] The regiment was formed in 1539 during the reign of by King Henry VIII, making it the second oldest regiment of the British Army (The Honourable Artillery Company was formed in 1537). The R Mon RE (M) became a militia unit in 1660 and then became a part of the Royal Engineers in 1877.[3]
The regiment was formed as a posse comitatus in 1539 during the reign of by King Henry VIII; it went on to become a trained band and then a militia unit in 1660.[4] It is unique in having the word 'Royal' appear twice in its name. It gained the first Royal in 1804 when it was the Monmouth and Brecon Militia. The second was acquired in 1877 when the regiment transferred from an infantry unit into a Special Reserve section of the expanding Royal Engineers.[5]
On 1 April 1967, the existing regiment absorbed 43rd Wessex Division RE (TA), 48th South Midland Division RE (TA) and 53rd Welsh Division RE (TA).[6]
The records of the Honorable Artillery Company (HAC) indicate that it was formed two years prior to the Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers (Militia). However, in 1930 the Army Council (Army Board from 1964) reviewed the Army's precedence table and King George V agreed that, on account of its status as a militia unit, the Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers (Militia) were the senior regiment.[2] In 1957 the matter was investigated further and Queen Elizabeth II also agreed that the Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers (Militia) were the senior regiment:[2]
From:-Lieut.-Colonel The Rt. Hon. Sir Michael Adeane, K.C.B., K.C.V.O . Private Secretary to the Queen, Buckingham Palace, S.W.1. 12th March, 1957.My dear Playfair,Thank you for your letter of 8th March which I have laid before The Queen and which Her Majesty has read with interest.I am to say that the recommendation of the Honours and Distinctions Committee with regard to the relative precedence of the Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers and the Honourable ArtiIlery Company meets with the Queen's approval.
Yours sincerely,M. E. ADEANE
The Jersey Militia were brought under the command of the R Mon RE (M) in 2007. The Jersey Militia was formed in 1337 when Edward III ordered "all his faithful peoples of the islands" to be prepared - by forming a militia - for possible war with France.[7] The militia defended the island against several pirate raids, and in 1549 against a French invasion attempt.[8] The militia played a role in the Battle of Jersey, for which its actions gained it the 'Royal' title.[9]
Militia historically were regarded as light infantry regiments.[10] In recognition of its Light Infantry ancestry the regiment was afforded the right to wear the militia flash in 1943.[11] A small, light infantry green rectangle, often referred to as the snooker table; worn at the top of the left arm. Soldiers of the regiment are Sappers but also militiamen and wear the militia flash in perpetuity, as observed by Brigadier John Henry Ridge CBE when inspecting troops in 2017.[12]
The current organisation of the regiment is as follows:[13]
The regimental museum of the Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers is in Monmouth Castle.[21]