| Rowland Mainwaring | |
| Birth Date: | 11 September 1850 |
| Birth Place: | Whitmore, Staffordshire, England |
| Death Date: | 22 November 1926 (aged 76) |
| Allegiance: | United Kingdom |
| Rank: | Major-General |
| Branch: | British Army |
| Commands: | 2nd Battalion, Royal Welch Fusiliers 23rd Regimental District 68th (2nd Welsh) Division |
| Battles: | Third Anglo-Ashanti War Third Anglo-Burmese War Bhanio Mogoumg expedition Hazara expedition Second Boer War First World War |
| Awards: | Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George |
Major-General Rowland Broughton Mainwaring (11 September 1850 – 22 November 1926) was a senior British Army officer.
Educated at Marlborough College, Mainwaring was commissioned into the 23rd Regiment of Foot on 30 January 1878. He saw action in the Third Anglo-Ashanti War in 1873, the Third Anglo-Burmese War in 1885 and the Bhanio Mogoumg expedition in 1886 as well as the Hazara expedition in 1891.[1] He became commanding officer of the 2nd Battalion Royal Welch Fusiliers, which he commanded in Crete, for which service he was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George, and then took part in the Second Boer War in 1899.[1] He went on to serve as commander of the 23rd Regimental District from 1900 to 1906 and as General Officer Commanding 68th (2nd Welsh) Division from January 1915 to November 1915.[1]