Rothia dentocariosa explained

Rothia dentocariosa is a species of Gram-positive, round- to rod-shaped bacteria that is part of the normal community of microbes residing in the mouth and respiratory tract.

First isolated from dental caries, Rothia dentocariosa is largely benign, but does very rarely cause disease. The most common Rothia infection is endocarditis, typically in people with underlying heart valve disorders.[1] Literature case reports show other tissues that are rarely infected include the peritoneum,[2] tonsils,[3] lung,[1] cornea,[4] inner layers of the eye (Endophthalmitis)[5] and brain and intercranial tissues.[1] It is found more abundantly in the dental plaque of individuals with healthy oral cavities and can often be reduced in abundance in periodontal disease.[6] One case reports on a fatal Rothia dentocariosa infection of a fetus in utero.[7] Another reports the bacterium was responsible for septic arthritis in the knee of a person treated with etanercept for rheumatoid arthritis.[8] Like other Rothia infections reported in the literature, once the cause of infection was identified, this responded fully to treatment with antibiotics. Rothia infections may be treated with penicillins, erythromycin, cefazolin, rifampin, aminoglycoside, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.[1]

Variable or pleomorphic in shape and similar to Actinomyces and Nocardia, Rothia was only defined as a genus in 1967.[1] Rothia dentocariosa, like several other species of oral bacteria, is able to reduce nitrate to nitrite, and one study found it in 3% of isolates of nitrate-reducing bacteria from the mouth.[9]

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Notes and References

  1. 11332915. 2001. Ricaurte. JC. Klein. O. Labombardi. V. Martinez. V. Serpe. A. Joy. M. Rothia dentocariosa endocarditis complicated by multiple intracranial hemorrhages. 94. 4. 438–40. Southern Medical Journal. 10.1097/00007611-200194040-00018.
  2. Morris SK, Nag S, Suh KN, A Evans G . Recurrent chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-associated infection due to Rothia dentocariosa . Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol . 15 . 3 . 171–3 . May 2004 . 18159489 . 2094970 . 10.1155/2004/823463. free .
  3. 15876953. 2005. Ohashi . M.. Yoshikawa . T.. Akimoto . S.. Fujita . A.. Hayakawa . S.. Takahashi . M.. Arakawa . Y.. Asano . Y.. Severe acute tonsillitis caused by Rothia dentocariosa in a healthy child. 24. 5. 466–467. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 10.1097/01.inf.0000160958.26544.38. free.
  4. 10.1097/01.ico.0000226362.11431.81. 17133072. 2006. Morley . A.. Tuft . S.. Rothia dentocariosa isolated from a corneal ulcer. 25. 9. 1128–1129. Cornea. 5468203.
  5. 10.1007/s100960100589. 11757983. 2001. MacKinnon . M. M.. m. . M. R.. j. . J. R.. A case of Rothia dentocariosa endophthalmitis. 20. 10. 756–757. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases. 32306258.
  6. Colombo . Ana Paula V. . Boches . Susan K. . Cotton . Sean L. . Goodson . J. Max . Kent . Ralph . Haffajee . Anne D. . Socransky . Sigmund S. . Hasturk . Hatice . Van Dyke . Thomas E. . Dewhirst . Floyd . Paster . Bruce J. . September 2009 . Comparisons of Subgingival Microbial Profiles of Refractory Periodontitis, Severe Periodontitis, and Periodontal Health Using the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray . Journal of Periodontology . en . 80 . 9 . 1421–1432 . 10.1902/jop.2009.090185 . 0022-3492 . 3627366 . 19722792.
  7. 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.08.024. 17980173. 2007. Karlsson . M.. Jacobsson . B.. Intrauterine fetal death associated with Rothia dentocariosa: A case report. 197. 5. e6–e7. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. free.
  8. 10.3899/jrheum.090276. 19966198. Septic Arthritis Caused by Rothia dentocariosa in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis Receiving Etanercept Therapy. 2009. Favero . M.. Raffeiner . B.. Cecchin . D.. Schiavon . F.. The Journal of Rheumatology. 36. 12. 2846–2847. 38980754. free.
  9. 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2004.00184.x. Evaluation of bacterial nitrate reduction in the human oral cavity. 2005. Doel . J. J.. Benjamin . N. .. Hector . M. P.. Rogers . M. .. Allaker . R. P.. European Journal of Oral Sciences. 113. 14–9. 15693824. 1.

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