| Rondonópolis | |
| Settlement Type: | Municipality |
| Official Name: | Município de Rondonópolis |
| Nickname: | Little Princess of the South (Princesinha do Sul in Portuguese) |
| Mapsize: | 250px |
| Pushpin Map: | Brazil |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | Region |
| Subdivision Type2: | State |
| Subdivision Name: |  Brazil |
| Subdivision Name1: | Central-West |
| Subdivision Name2: | Mato Grosso |
| Leader Title: | Mayor |
| Leader Name: | José Carlos do Pátio |
| Established Title: | Founded |
| Established Date: | December 10, 1953 |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 4165.232 |
| Population As Of: | 2022[1] |
| Population Total: | 244,911 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone: | AMT |
| Utc Offset: | -4 |
| Coordinates: | -16.4708°N -54.6358°W |
| Elevation M: | 227 |
Rondonópolis (formerly known as Rio Vermelho (Red River)) is the third-largest municipality in Mato Grosso, Brazil. It is located around 215km (134miles) from Cuiabá, the capital of the state. The city is named for military officer and explorer Cândido Rondon.
The municipality contains the Dom Osório Stoffel State Park, created in 2002. The Vermelho River runs through the south of the municipal seat and along the north of the state park border.
According to the Brazilian census in 2022 the town had 244,911 inhabitants.
The city is growing quickly because many industries settled there and the soybean plantation is considered a "new gold rush" in the region, attracting emigrants from distant regions of Brazil. These people are from the South and Southeast regions who used to work with cattle ranching. The farming is extensive and very automated compared to other parts of Brazil. The farms are interesting as when the industry was labor-intensive the owners built small villages around the main house for the workers. These "villages" were self-contained and included schools and medical facilities. Rarely used now for their original purpose many still stand. They are seen as an island surrounded by trees in the middle of soy bean plants stretching to the horizon.
In August 2007 the Italian wind orchestra Orchestra Fiati Giovanile Italiana e Coro "I Music Piemonteis" conducted by Ugo Bairo, and his choir, conducted by Carmelo Luca Sambataro performed there. There he premiered his wind composition dedicated to the local government: The Mato Grosso March.The city is situated on the Cerrado, high tableland intersected by deep gorges containing butte and mesa formations.
The city is also the jumping off point for tourists and sportsmen visiting the Northern Pantanal. Rondonópolis has a domestic airport, Maestro Marinho Franco Municipal Airport.