The Bacalaureat (or bac for short) is an exam held in Romania when one graduates high school (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: liceu).
The Romanian Baccalaureate has evolved over time.In 2010 they removed physical education from the subject to be chosen list.
Unlike the French Baccalaureate, the Romanian one has a single degree. The subjects (except subject A) depend on the profile studied (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: profil de studiu): mathematics and computer science (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: matematică-informatică), philology (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: filologie), natural sciences (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: științe ale naturii), social sciences (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: științe sociale), or various other vocational tracks (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: filiera vocaţională), and the candidate's choice.
The exam covers the whole high school curriculum and the marking scale is between 1 and 10. In order to pass, students must obtain at least 5.00 in every subject with a minimum of 6.00 overall. All the graduates in the country take the exam at the same time. The subjects vary from profile to profile.
The baccalaureate has up to 5 modules, each one graded separately. Module E, the written examination, is the one considered for admission to higher education.
A, B and D are marked with: Beginner, Average, Advanced and Experienced.
A: Romanian language - oral examination.
B: Maternal Language - if different from Romanian, and if studied; oral examination.
C: foreign language - oral and written examination; graded on the CEFR scale, from A1 to B2.
D: computer skills.
Each exam takes three hours.
E)a): Romanian Language and Literature.
E)b): Maternal Language and Literature - if different from Romanian, and if studied.
E)c): compulsory subject (of the profile).
E)d): subject to be chosen (of the profile).
| Profile | c) Subject | d) Subject |
|---|---|---|
| Theoretical: Sciences | Mathematics(M1) | Computer Science (C/C++ or Pascal), Physics, Biology (Botany and Zoology/ Human Anatomy and Physiology. Genetics and Ecology), or Chemistry (Organic/Inorganic) |
| Theoretical: Humanities | History | Geography, Logic, Psychology, Economics, Sociology, Philosophy |
| Technological: Technical | Mathematics(M2) | Physics, Biology (Botany and Zoology/ Human Anatomy and Physiology. Genetics and Ecology), or Chemistry (Organic/Inorganic) |
| Technological: Services | Mathematics(M2) | Geography, Logic, Psychology, Economics, Philosophy |
| Vocational: Pedagogy | Mathematics(M3) | Geography, Logic, Psychology, Economics, Philosophy |
| Vocational: Military | Mathematics(M1) | Computer Science (C/C++ or Pascal), Physics, Biology (Botany and Zoology/ Human Anatomy and Physiology. Genetics and Ecology), or Chemistry (Organic/Inorganic) |
| Vocational: Other | History | Geography, Logic, Psychology, Economics, Philosophy |