Foreign relations of Romania explained

The foreign relations of Romania are conducted by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ministerul Afacerilor Externe; MAE). Romania is a member of the European Union and NATO.

Diplomatic list

List of countries which Romania maintains diplomatic relations with (all UN member states except Bhutan):

	Country	Date^[1]
1
2	Serbia
3	Bulgaria
4	Italy
5	Greece
6	Netherlands
7	France
8	United Kingdom
9	Belgium
10	United States
11	Spain
12	Japan
13
14	Egypt
15	Luxembourg
16	Switzerland
17	Albania
18	Sweden
19	Denmark
20	Norway
21	Portugal
22	Czech Republic
23	Poland	^[2]
24	Finland
25	Austria
26	Hungary
27	Turkey	^[3]
28	Chile
29	Cuba
—
30	Brazil
31	Argentina
—
32	Uruguay
33	Mexico
34
35	Peru
36	Israel
37
38	India
39	China
40
41	Indonesia
42	Mongolia
43
44	Sudan
45	Myanmar
46	Iceland
47	Ethiopia
48	Sri Lanka
49	Yemen
50	Afghanistan
51	Iraq
52	Guinea
53	Cyprus
54	Mali
55	Ghana
56	Algeria
57	Benin
58
59	Cambodia
60	Kuwait
61	Tunisia
62	Sierra Leone
63
64	Pakistan
65	Lebanon
66	Mauritania
67	Jordan
68	Somalia
69	Rwanda
70	Senegal
71
72
73	Nigeria
74	Germany	^[4]
75	Canada
76
77	Singapore
78	Colombia
79	Central African Republic
80	Morocco
81	Australia
82	Burkina Faso
83	Nepal
84	Zambia
85	Malta
86	Kenya
87	Burundi
88	Madagascar
89	Ecuador
90	Malaysia
91	Uganda
92	Niger
93	Chad
94	New Zealand
95
96	Cameroon
97	Costa Rica
98	Togo
99	Gambia
100	Panama
101	Botswana
102	Philippines
103	Equatorial Guinea
104	Liberia
105	Bangladesh
106	Gabon
107	Trinidad and Tobago
108	Thailand
109	Guyana
110	Honduras
111	Guinea-Bissau
112	Libya
113	Oman
114	Mauritius
115	Jamaica
116	Grenada
117	Lesotho
118	Mozambique
119
120	Fiji
121	Cape Verde
122	Suriname
123	Angola
124	Papua New Guinea
125	Seychelles
126	Comoros
127	Barbados
128	Djibouti
129	Nicaragua
130	Maldives
131	Saint Lucia
132	El Salvador
133	Zimbabwe
134	Haiti
135	Dominican Republic
136	Malawi
—
137	United Arab Emirates
138	Namibia
139
140	Ireland
141	Qatar
142	Guatemala
143
144	Bahrain
145
146	Estonia	^[5]
147	Latvia	^[6]
148	Lithuania	^[7]
149	South Africa
150	Armenia
151	Ukraine
152	Belarus
153	Paraguay
154	Kyrgyzstan
155	Azerbaijan
156	Georgia
157	Kazakhstan
158	Tajikistan
159	Turkmenistan
160	Croatia
161	Slovenia
162	Slovakia
163	Belize
164	Eritrea
165
166
167	Saudi Arabia
168	San Marino
169	Uzbekistan
170	Marshall Islands
171	Bosnia and Herzegovina
172	Andorra
173	Liechtenstein
174	Timor-Leste
175	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
176	Samoa
177	Tuvalu
178	Montenegro
179	Bahamas
180	Monaco	^[8]
181	Dominica
182	Saint Kitts and Nevis
183	Solomon Islands
184	Nauru
185
186	Palau
187	Antigua and Barbuda
188	Vanuatu
189	Kiribati	^[9]
190		^[10]
191

Relations by continent

Multilateral

Organization	Formal Relations Began	Notes
		See 2007 enlargement of the European Union Romania joined the European Union as a full member on 1 January 2007.
		See Romania in NATO Romania joined NATO as a full member on 29 March 2004.

Europe (Inside the European Union)

Romania joined the European Union (EU) on January 1, 2007.

Country	Formal relations began	Notes
	1878-09-23	See Austria–Romania relations
	1879-07-28	See Bulgaria–Romania relations
	1941-05-13	See Croatia–Romania relations
	1917-04-26	See Denmark–Romania relations
	1920-06-28	See Finland–Romania relations
	1880-02-20	See France–Romania relations
	1880-02-20	See Germany–Romania relations
	1880-01-08	See Greece–Romania relations
	1920-08-21	See Hungary–Romania relations
	1990-04-18	See Ireland–Romania relations
	1879-12-06	See Italy–Romania relations
	1924-08-21	See Lithuania–Romania relations
	1880-01-24	The Netherlands has an embassy in Bucharest. Romania has an embassy in The Hague. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
	1919-02-22	Poland has an embassy in Bucharest. Romania has an embassy in Warsaw. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
	1993-01-01	See Romania–Slovakia relations
	1992-08-28	Romania has an embassy in Ljubljana. Slovenia has an embassy in Bucharest. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
^[11]	1881-07-05	Romania has an embassy in Madrid. Spain has an embassy in Bucharest. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
	1916-03-18	Romania has an embassy in Stockholm. Sweden has an embassy in Bucharest. Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.

Europe (Outside of the European Union)

Country	Formal relations began	Notes
	1913-12-28	See Albania–Romania relations
	1991-12-17	See Armenia–Romania relations Armenia has an embassy in Bucharest. Romania has an embassy in Yerevan. Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
	1992-02-14	See Belarus–Romania relations
	1996-03-01	See Bosnia and Herzegovina–Romania relations
	1921-02-18	See Georgia–Romania relations
	1920-06-12	See Holy See–Romania relations
		See Moldova–Romania relations
	2006-08-09	See Montenegro–Romania relations
	1917-05-03	See Norway–Romania relations
	1878-10-12
	1841-04-19^[12] ||See Romania–Serbia relationsDanubian Principalities of Wallachia and Serbia were de facto the first states to recognize each other's diplomatic networks – already by the end of 1830s, as both monarchies strived for formal independence from the Ottoman Empire.^[13] ^[14] Following their recognition as independent states, on 14/26 April 1879 the Romanian diplomatic agency in Belgrade became a legation, having Lascăr Catargiu as its first resident minister.^[15] |- valign="top"|^[16] ||1992|| See Foreign relations of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta The diplomatic representation of Romania with SMOM is handled by the Romanian embassy in the Vatican (Holy See). Sovereign Military Order of Malta has an embassy in Bucharest. |- valign="top"|||1911-05-09||See Romania–Switzerland relations^[17] |- valign="top"|||1879-10-22||See Romania–Turkey relations^[18] Romania has an embassy in Ankara and consulates-general in Istanbul and İzmir. Turkey has an embassy in Bucharest and consulates-general in Constanța. Both countries are full members of NATO. Romania has an embassy in Kyiv. Ukraine has an embassy in Bucharest. Romania is an EU member and Ukraine is an EU candidate. |- valign="top"|||1880-02-20||See Romania–United Kingdom relationsRomania established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 20 February 1880.^[19] Romania maintains an embassy in London, and consulate generals in Edinburgh and Manchester. Romania also maintains honorary consulates in Hirwaun, Leeds, Morpeth-Newcastle and Southampton.^[20] The United Kingdom is accredited to Romania through its embassy in Bucharest.^[21] Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OSCE, and the World Trade Organization.|} Asia Country Formal relations began Notes 1958-06-05 See Foreign relations of Afghanistan Romania has an embassy in Kabul.^[22] 1992-06-19 See Azerbaijan–Romania relations 1949-10-05 See China–Romania relations 1902-07-24 See Iran–Romania relations 1958-08-14 See Iraq–Romania relations 1948-06-11 See Israel–Romania relations 1948-10-26 See North Korea–Romania relations Romania has an embassy in Pyongyang. 1965-01-06 See Lebanon–Romania relations Lebanon has an embassy in Bucharest and an honorary consulate in Constanța.^[23] Romania has an embassy in Beirut an honorary consulate in Tripoli. 1969-03-22 See Malaysia–Romania relations 1988-11-17 See Romania–Palestine relations 1964-10-15 See Pakistan–Romania relations 1972-03-10 See Philippines–Romania relations 1995-03-13 See Romania–Saudi Arabia relations 1967-05-30 See Foreign relations of Singapore In February 2002 the Romanian president Ion Iliescu made an official visit to Singapore.^[24] In March 2002 Romania and Singapore signed a double-taxation agreement.^[25] In November 2008, Singapore signed an open skies agreement (OSA) with Romania to allow greater flexibility on air services.^[26] In 2000, trade between Romania and Singapore was US$15.5 million, roughly balanced.^[27] The Romanian market, with a relatively cheap and skilled labor force and advantageous tax laws, has been attractive to several Singapore companies who have established joint ventures in Romania. Forte, created in 1990 as a Romanian-Singapore joint venture for computer assembly, is an example.^[28] (However, in 2006 Forte was acquired by Siemens.^[29]) Romania has an embassy in Singapore.^[30] 30 March 1990^[31] See Romania–South Korea relations The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Romania and South Korea started on 30 March 1990. South Korea's Investment in Romania in 2012 was about 560 million. South Korea has an embassy in Bucharest, Romania.^[32] Romania has an embassy in Seoul South Korea.^[33] The number of South Koreans living in Romania is about 500. Bilateral Trade in 2014 Exports 5.98 billion US dollars Imports 6.42 billion US dollars Romanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relations with South Korea South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade about the relations with Romania Foreign relations of South Korea#Europe. 1957-09-15 See Romania–Sri Lanka relations Romania has an embassy in Colombo. Sri Lanka has no diplomatic office in Romania. The Sri Lankan embassy in Warsaw, Poland, has concurrent accreditation to Romania. 1955-08-09 See Romania–Syria relations 1973-06-01 See Foreign relations of Thailand Romania has an embassy in Bangkok^[34] and an honorary consulate in Pattaya. Thailand has an embassy in Bucharest.^[35] 1995-10-06 See Romania–Uzbekistan relations Africa: Arab Maghreb Union (AMU) Country Formal Relations Began Notes 1962-02-20 See Morocco–Romania relations 1963-12-16 See Romania–Tunisia relations North America and the Caribbean Country Formal Relations Began Notes 1919-08-19 See Canada–Romania relations Canada has an embassy in Bucharest. Romania has an embassy in Ottawa and consulates-general in Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver. 1935-07-20 See Mexico–Romania relations Mexico has an embassy in Bucharest. Romania has an embassy in Mexico City 1880-06-14^[37] See Romania–United States relationsAlthough diplomatic relations between the two countries started in 1880, the United States recognized Romania's independence on October 14, 1878. The relations were severed between 1941 and 1946 and remained strained until the 1960s. The bilateral relations began improving after the fall of communism in Romania. Romania has an embassy in Washington, D.C. and consulates-general in Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami and New York City. United States has an embassy in Bucharest. South and Central America Country Formal Relations Began Notes 1931-04-24 See Argentina–Romania relations Romania has an embassy in Buenos Aires and an honorary consulate in Mendoza. The Argentine Republic has an embassy in Bucharest. 1928-01-07 See Brazil–Romania relations Romania has an embassy in Brasília, a consulate-general in Rio de Janeiro and 6 honorary consulates (in Aracaju, Belo Horizonte, Curitiba, Fortaleza, Porto Alegre and Recife). Brazil has an embassy in Bucharest. 1925-02-05 See Chile–Romania relations 1939-10-10 See main article: Peru–Romania relations. Romania has an embassy in Lima and an honorary consulate in Arequipa. The Republic of Peru has an embassy and an honorary consulate, both in Bucharest. 1925-07-24 See Romania–Uruguay relations Romania has an embassy in Montevideo. The Oriental Republic of Uruguay has an embassy in Bucharest. Oceania International organisations Romania is a member of the following international organisations: Council of Europe International Atomic Energy Agency International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies NATO United Nations International Maritime Organization Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation Black Sea Trade and Development Bank Union for the Mediterranean Antarctic Treaty System (without consulting status) Asia–Europe Meeting European Patent Organisation Interpol European Space Agency See also List of diplomatic missions in Romania List of diplomatic missions of Romania List of Romanian diplomats Romania's foreign policy in the years preceding the outbreak of the World War I References

Notes and References

1. Web site: Diplomatic Relations of Romania . Ministerul Afacerilor Externe . 28 December 2023.
2. Web site: Polska w Rumunii (Serwis Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej) . 12 April 2023 . pl.
3. Book: British Documents on Atatürk, 1919-1938, Volume 6 . 1973 . 270–272.
4. Web site: Länder . 23 July 2023 . de.
5. Web site: 30 January 2018 . Diplomaatiliste suhete (taas)kehtestamise kronoloogia . 26 October 2022 . et.
6. Web site: 1 July 2021 . Dates of establishment and renewal of diplomatic relations . 5 October 2022 . mfa.gov.lv.
7. Web site: List of countries with which Lithuania has established diplomatic relations . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20220110123939/https://jp.mfa.lt/default/en/list-of-countries-with-which-lithuania-has-established-diplomatic-relations . 10 January 2022 . 10 January 2022 .
8. Web site: Rapport de Politique Extérieure 2007 . 11 October 2020 . 44 . fr.
9. News: Establishment of the diplomatic relations with the Republic of Kiribati . 2 July 2018.
10. Web site: Diplomatic relations between Romania and ... . 2 July 2022.
11. Book: See, Flaviu Vasile, Rus. Relații culturale și diplomatice româno-spaniole. 1880-1936. Editura Mega. 2018. 978-606-543-930-6. Cluj-Napoca.
12. Reprezentanțele diplomatice ale României, vol. I, 1859–1917, București, 1967, pp. 130–134.
13. Reprezentanțele diplomatice ale României, vol. I, 1859–1917, București, 1967, pp. 130–134.
14. G.G. Florescu, "Agențiile diplomatice de la București și Belgrad (1863–1866)", în Romanoslavica XI/1965, pp. 126–131.
15. A.A. Căpușan, Diplomați români de elită, vol. II, ediția a II-a, București, 2009, p. 13.
16. [Sovereign Military Order of Malta]
17. Web site: Confederația Elvețiană. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 8 February 2021. ro.
18. Web site: From Rep. of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2009-07-12. https://web.archive.org/web/20090806011927/http://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkey_s-political-relations-with-romania.en.mfa. 2009-08-06. dead.
19. Web site: Brief history of Romanian – British diplomatic relations (1880-2022). Embassy of Romania to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 5 April 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20220302221446/https://londra.mae.ro/en/node/393. 2 March 2022. live.
20. Web site: Romanian Missions Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Romania. 9 November 2024. 1 December 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191201165542/http://mae.ro/en/romanian-missions/#843. live.
21. Web site: British Embassy Bucharest. GOV.UK. 9 November 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20241010062906/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-bucharest. 10 October 2024. live.
22. Web site: Un angajat al Ambasadei României la Kabul a murit, iar altul e rănit grav după atacul terorist de luni noapte . 4 September 2019 .
23. Web site: Republica Libaneză. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 10 August 2020. ro.
24. News: Romanian president arrives in Singapore, 20 February . Rompres . 2009-07-15 . February 20, 2002 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121018000224/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=NewsLibrary&p_multi=BBAB&d_place=BBAB&p_theme=newslibrary2&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F96C9F7B3373936&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM . October 18, 2012 . dead .
25. Web site: Romania to sign tax agreement with Singapore . https://web.archive.org/web/20121025061428/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-50871845.html . dead . 2012-10-25 . AP Worldstream . 2009-07-15.
26. Web site: osa signed between romania and singapore . 2008-11-28 . Property-Abroad.com . 2009-07-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20091003163730/http://www.property-abroad.com/romania/news-story/osa-signed-between-romania-and-singapore-18901427/ . 2009-10-03 . dead .
27. News: Romanian president arrives in Singapore, 20 February . Rompres . February 20, 2002 . 2009-07-17 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121018000224/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=NewsLibrary&p_multi=BBAB&d_place=BBAB&p_theme=newslibrary2&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F96C9F7B3373936&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM . October 18, 2012 . dead .
28. Web site: ROMANIA COUNTRY COMMERCIAL GUIDE FY2002 – NETWORKS MARKET . U. S. Department of Commerce . 2009-07-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090208003156/http://www.factbook.net/countryreports/ro/Ro_Networking_mkt.htm . 2009-02-08 . usurped.
29. Web site: FORTE BUSINESS SERVICES S.R.L. . Siemens . 2009-07-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110706094313/http://www.siemens.at/gb2005/en/pages/blank_all.htm?content=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.siemens.at%2Fgb2005%2Fen%2Fprodukte%2Fforte.htm . 2011-07-06 . dead.
30. Web site: Ministerul Afacerilor Externe. 19 February 2015.
31. Web site: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131224081348/http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/europe/countries/20070823/1_24607.jsp?menu=m_30_40 . 24 December 2013 . 17 January 2022 . www.mofa.go.kr .
32. Web site: Embassy of the Republic of Korea in Romania. Rou.mofa.go.kr. 11 April 2018. 20 December 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171220202014/http://rou.mofa.go.kr/english/eu/rom/main/index.jsp. dead.
33. Web site: AMBASADA ROMÂNIEI în Republica Coreea. seoul.mae.ro. 2017-11-22. https://web.archive.org/web/20171201042928/http://seoul.mae.ro/. 2017-12-01. dead.
34. Web site: Ministerul Afacerilor Externe. Mae.ro. 19 February 2015.
35. Web site: Thai embassy in Bucharest. Thaiembassy.ro. 11 April 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20090627133825/http://www.thaiembassy.ro/. 27 June 2009. dead. dmy-all.
36. Web site: Ministerul Afacerilor Externe. 19 February 2015.
37. Book: The cultural and the diplomatic relations between Romania and the United States of America. 1880-1920. Flaviu Vasile. Rus. MEGA Publishing. 2018. 978-606-543-970-2. Cluj-Napoca.
38. Web site: Romania. 19 February 2015. 28 April 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140428183758/http://www.dfat.gov.au/geo/romania/index.html. dead.
39. Web site: AMBASADA ROMÂNIEI în Australia. 19 February 2015.