| Type: | District |
| Rolpa District | |
| Native Name: | रोल्पा |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Nepal |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | Lumbini Province |
| Parts Type: | Municipality |
| Parts Style: | coll |
| Established Title: | Established |
| Established Date: | 13 April 1961 |
| Seat Type: | Admin HQ. |
| Seat: | Rolpa |
| Leader Title: | Head |
| Leader Title1: | Deputy-Head |
| Leader Title2: | Parliamentary constituencies |
| Leader Title3: | Provincial constituencies |
| Government Type: | Coordination committee |
| Governing Body: | DCC, Rolpa |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Total: | 221,178 |
| Population As Of: | 2015 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Blank Name Sec1: | Main Language(s) |
| Blank Info Sec1: | Nepali, Kham Magar, Newari, English |
| Blank Name Sec2: | Major highways |
| Timezone1: | NPT |
| Utc Offset1: | +05:45 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal Codes |
| Area Code Type: | Telephone Code |
Rolpa (Nepali: रोल्पा जिल्ला), is a "hill" district in Lumbini Province of Nepal. Rolpa district covers an area of with population (2011) of 221,177. Rolpa town is the district's administrative center.
The various grievances of Rolpa's population made the district ripe for revolt. It became a "Maoist Stronghold" of the Communist Party of Nepal.[2] In May 2002 a major battle between Maoist guerillas and the army was fought at Lisne Lekh near the Rolpa-Pyuthan border.
The area of Rolpa District was under the Rukumkot (Rukum District) King before 15th century. Tuthansen (King of Salyankot) established a separate kingdom carving out some 18 villages from Rukumkot Kingdom. The new kingdom was named Gajulkot. These 18 villages were given to Tuthansen in dowry by Jayant Berma who was the king of Rukumkot. These ruins are still available to see in Rolpa District.[3]
Rolpa district was part of two different districts Pyuthan District and Salyan District during Rana regime. In 1962, Rolpa district established carving out parts of Pyuthan District and Salyan District.[4]
Rolpa district is divided into 10 local level bodies in which nine are rural municipalities and one is municipality:
Rolpa is drained southward by the Madi Khola from a complex of 3,000 to 4,000 meter ridges about 50 kilometers south of the Dhaulagiri Himalaya. This mountainous barrier historically isolated Rolpa by encouraging travelers between India and Tibet to detour to follow easier routes to the east or west, while east–west travelers found easier routes to the north through Dhorpatan Valley, or to the south through Dang Valley or along the Mahabharat Range.
| Climate Zone | Elevation Range | % of Area | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Upper Tropical | 300 to 1,000 meters 1,000 to 3,300 ft. | 3.3% | |
| Subtropical | 1,000 to 2,000 meters 3,300 to 6,600 ft. | 61.7% | |
| Temperate | 2,000 to 3,000 meters 6,400 to 9,800 ft. | 31.4% | |
| Subalpine | 3,000 to 4,000 meters 9,800 to 13,100 ft. | 3.6% |
At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Rolpa District had a population of 224,506.
As their first language, 86.1% spoke Nepali, 10.8% Magar, 2.6% Kham, 0.3% Gurung and 0.1% other languages.[5]
Ethnicity/caste: 43.4% were Magar, 33.9% Chhetri, 12.3% Kami, 3.6% Damai/Dholi, 2.3% Sanyasi/Dasnami, 1.1% Hill Brahmin, 0.9% Thakuri, 0.8% Sarki, 0.5% other Dalit, 0.5% Gurung, 0.2% Newar, 0.1% Badi, 0.1% Musalman and 0.2% others.[6]
Religion: 85.2% were Hindu, 11.7% Buddhist, 1.7% Christian, 0.7% Prakriti, 0.1% Muslim and 0.6% others.[7]
Literacy: 59.3% could read and write, 3.2% could only read and 37.5% could neither read nor write.[8]
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Rolpa is one of the most remote district in Nepal in terms of Health services some notable Health care centers being: