| Rolls-Royce Silver Spirit | |
| Manufacturer: | Rolls-Royce Motors |
| Production: | 1980–1997 (Silver Spirit) 1980–2000 (Silver Spur) |
| Successor: | Rolls-Royce Silver Seraph (SWB) Rolls Royce Park Ward (LWB) |
| Class: | Full-size luxury car |
| Body Style: | 4-door saloon |
| Designer: | Fritz Feller (1974)[1] |
| Assembly: | United Kingdom: Crewe, Cheshire, England |
| Layout: | FR layout |
The Rolls-Royce Silver Spirit is a full-size luxury car produced by Rolls-Royce Motors, in Crewe, England, from 1980 to 1997. It was the first model in the SZ series. The Silver Spur is a long-wheelbase version of the Silver Spirit, produced from 1980 to 2000. It was the first car to feature a retractable Spirit of Ecstasy: the spring-loaded mascot sank into the radiator shell if dislodged from its position.
| Mark I | |
| Aka: | Silver Spirit Silver Spur |
| Production: | 1980–1988 |
| Related: | Bentley Mulsanne Bentley Turbo R Bentley Mulsanne Turbo |
| Engine: | 6.75 L Rolls-Royce L410 V8 |
| Transmission: | 3-speed GM THM400 automatic |
| Wheelbase: | 120.5inches (Silver Spirit) 124.5inches (Silver Spur) |
| Length: | 207.8inches (Silver Spirit) 211.8inches (Silver Spur) |
| Width: | 74.3inches |
| Height: | 58.5inches |
| Weight: | 4980lb (Silver Spirit) 5040lb (Silver Spur) |
The Silver Spirit was introduced by Rolls-Royce in 1980 as the first of a new generation of company models. It formed the basis for the Flying Spur, Silver Dawn, Touring Limousine, Park Ward, and Bentley Mulsanne/Eight series. The Spirit/Spur carried over the basic design of the Silver Shadow, its 6.75 L L410 V8 engine and GM-sourced THM400 3-speed automatic gearbox, and unitary bodywork manufactured at Pressed Steel, which followed the styling of the Pininfarina designed Camargue.
The Spur/Spirit continued the Silver Shadow's emphasis on ride quality by utilising its hydropneumatic self-levelling suspension, modified with Girling automatic hydraulic ride height control system and gas-charged shock absorbers. Sealed beam headlamps were fitted in the United States due to longstanding regulations, while European laws allowed for the fitment of more modern composite units.
| Mark II | |
| Aka: | Silver Spirit II Silver Spur II |
| Production: | 1988–1992 |
| Engine: | 6.75 L Rolls-Royce L410I V8 |
| Wheelbase: | 120.5inches (Silver Spirit) 124.5inches (Silver Spur) |
| Length: | 207.8inches (Silver Spirit) 211.8inches (Silver Spur) |
| Width: | 74.3inches |
| Height: | 58.5inches |
| Weight: | 5181lb (Silver Spirit) 5247lb (Silver Spur) |
The Silver Spirit II and Silver Spur II were refinements of the original models, introduced at the 1989 Frankfurt Motor Show. Suspension design saw the most change, with "Automatic Ride Control" introduced, a fully automatic system that adjusted dampers at all four wheels in real time.[2] Other updates included the adoption of ABS and fuel injection as standard for all models and markets. The last Mark I Silver Spirit/Spur was chassis no KCH27798, with Mark II cars starting with 29001. The fuel injection system was now Bosch's MK-Motronic.
Originally retaining the three-speed Turbo Hydramatic GM400 transmission from earlier Spirits/Spurs,[3] a four-speed unit (the GM 4L80E) was introduced in the winter of 1991.[2] The size of the petrol tank was also increased, up to 107L, meaning that the car's range was now in excess of 500km (300miles).[4]
Exterior and interior changes were minimal, with a considerably smaller steering wheel and two additional ventilation outlets added to the fascia mildly modernising the look up front.
| Mark III | |
| Aka: | Silver Spirit III Silver Spur III Flying Spur Silver Dawn |
| Production: | 1992–1995 |
| Related: | Bentley Brooklands Bentley Turbo RT Bentley Turbo S |
| Wheelbase: | 120.5inches (Spirit) 124.5inches (Spur) 148.5inches (Touring Limousine) |
| Length: | 207.4inches (Silver Spirit) 211.4inches (Flying Spur) 211.8inches (Silver Spur) 235.4inches (Touring Limousine) |
| Width: | 18871NaN1 (w/mirrors: 20091NaN1) |
| Height: | 58.5inches (Spirit/Spur/Dawn) 60.4inches (Touring Limousine) |
| Engine: | 6.75 L Rolls-Royce L410 V8 |
| Transmission: | 4-speed GM 4L80E automatic |
The Silver Spirit III and Silver Spur III were introduced in 1993, featuring engine improvements and some cosmetic updates. A new design of intake manifold and cylinder heads increased power output. The parameters of the semi-active suspension system were modified so that shock absorbers would default into "soft" ride mode when they wore out (rather than "hard" in the previous Mark II, noticeably impacting ride quality). Dual airbags were introduced inside, along with independent adjustment of the rear seats.
The 1994–1995 Flying Spur was a turbocharged, higher performance version of the Silver Spur III. 134 cars were produced.
The Silver Dawn is a special edition of the Silver Spur III with several additional options, such as Electronic Traction Assistance System and rear seat heaters. The radiator height is reduced by 2inches and the size of the Spirit of Ecstasy was reduced by 20 per cent. The new front was later inherited by the Mark IV series. This model appeared one year earlier on the American market before becoming available to the rest of the world.[5]
| Mark IV | |
| Aka: | New Silver Spirit New Silver Spur Silver Spirit Silver Spur Silver Spirit IV Silver Spur IV Park Ward |
| Production: | 1995–2000 |
| Engine: | 6.75 L Rolls-Royce L410 V8 |
| Transmission: | 4-speed automatic |
| Related: | Bentley Brooklands Bentley Turbo RT |
| Wheelbase: | 124.5inches 148.5inches (Touring Limousine) 172.5inches (Touring Limousine Extended) |
| Length: | 208.46inches (Silver Spirit) 211.61inches (95-97 Silver Spur) 212.4inches (97-99 Silver Spur)235.82inches (Touring Limousine) 260.62inches (Touring Limousine Extended) |
| Height: | 58.5inches |
| Width: | 18871NaN1 (w/mirrors: 21111NaN1) |
Designed in the autumn of 1992, the New Silver Spirit/New Silver Spur was the final revision of the Silver Spirit and Silver Spur, introduced late in 1995 as a 1996 model.
A marketing decision had been made that the cars should not get a "series IV" designation because the number four is a homonym for death in some Far Eastern languages.
Major changes included the introduction of a Garrett turbocharger on all models and the replacement of the previous Bosch engine management systems with one by Zytec. Also new were updated integrated front and rear bumpers and sixteen-inch wheels. As of 1997, the long wheelbase became standard, with limousine models offered in extra-long only. Inside, a wooden column running down the centre of the dashboard was added.
Silver Spirit production ended during the 1997 model year, although vehicles continued to be produced through the year 2000[6] to use up Silver Spirit bodies and parts remaining in stock.
The Rolls-Royce Park Ward Limousine is a limited edition Silver Spur/Spirit mark IV with a 24inches extended wheelbase and a 2abbr=onNaNabbr=on taller roof. The Park Ward replaced the Silver Spur/Spirit Touring Limousine. In the middle of the 1998 model year the name was changed to Rolls-Royce Silver Spur Park Ward. The model nomenclature on the badge on the rear of the car says Park Ward. Standard equipment on this model included a bar cabinet with crystal decanters and goblets, intercom, an electrically operated division and a backseat sunroof.
The Rolls-Royce Park Ward Limousine should not be confused with succeeding stretched Rolls-Royce Silver Seraph Park Ward, which was based on the car that replaced the Silver Spirit and was available from 2000–2002.
Rolls-Royce touring limousines were built to a Robert Jankel design[7] in cooperation with coach builder Mulliner Park Ward, London.
The first Silver Spur Limousine was produced in 1982. 16 cars had the 36inches extended wheelbase, and 84 cars with 42inches extended wheelbase were produced in 1984 and later. One car had a 14inches wheelbase extension. These cars were extended at the B-pillar, between the front and rear doors.
From 1991 on, 99 units of the Touring Limousine with 24inches wheelbase extension were produced. The car was lengthened at the C-pillar with an opera window added. Like these earlier models, most of the cars had fold-down occasional seats in the rear passenger area.
The Park Ward Limousine was the last one to be officially extended (24inches, again at the C-pillar) with 70 vehicles produced from 1996 to 1999.
Years are the model years based on the VIN (not the years of manufacturing).[8]