| Roi Et | |
| Native Name: | ร้อยเอ็ด |
| Native Name Lang: | th |
| Settlement Type: | Province |
| Motto: | สิบเอ็ดประตูเมืองงาม เรืองนามพระสูงใหญ่ ผ้าไหมสาเกต บุญผะเหวดประเพณี มหาเจดีย์ชัยมงคล งามน่ายลบึงพลาญชัย เขตกว้างไกลทุ่งกุลา โลกลือชาข้าวหอมมะลิ ("The beautiful eleven city gates. Renowned tallest Buddha image. Saket silk. The Bun Phawet festival. The great Chedi Chai Mongkhon. Fascinating Bueng Phalan Chai. The wide fields of Thung Kula. Internationally famous white rice.") |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Thailand |
| Seat Type: | Capital |
| Seat: | Roi Et |
| Leader Title: | Governor |
| Leader Name: | Vacant |
| Area Footnotes: | [1] |
| Area Total Km2: | 7,873 |
| Area Rank: | Ranked 25th |
| Elevation M: | 150 |
| Population Footnotes: | [2] |
| Population Total: | 1,305,211 |
| Population As Of: | 2019 |
| Population Rank: | Ranked 14th |
| Population Density Km2: | 166 |
| Population Density Rank: | Ranked 21st |
| Demographics Type2: | GDP |
| Demographics2 Footnotes: | [3] |
| Demographics2 Title1: | Total |
| Demographics2 Info1: | baht 73 billion (US$2.4 billion) (2019) |
| Demographics Type1: | Human Achievement Index |
| Demographics1 Footnotes: | [4] |
| Demographics1 Title1: | HAI (2022) |
| Demographics1 Info1: | 0.6654 "high" Ranked 10th |
| Timezone1: | ICT |
| Utc Offset1: | +7 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 45xxx |
| Area Code Type: | Calling code |
| Area Code: | 043 |
| Iso Code: | TH-45 |
Roi Et (th|ร้อยเอ็ด, pronounced as /th/; tts|ร้อยเอ็ด, in Lao pronounced as /lɔ̂ːj ʔět/) is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat) lies in central northeastern Thailand also called Isan. Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Kalasin, Mukdahan, Yasothon, Sisaket, Surin, and Maha Sarakham.
The name of the province literally means 'one hundred and one' (th|ร้อยเอ็ด;). Correctly, the number should be "eleven" (th|สิบเอ็ด|links=no;), as the province was named after its eleven ancient gates built for its eleven vassal states. In ancient times, the number "eleven" was written "๑๐๑" (101) and the provincial name was written accordingly. Later, people took "๑๐๑" to mean 'one hundred and one' and have since then called it "Roi Et".[5]
Most of the province is covered by plains about 130–160 meters above sea level, drained by the Chi River. In the north are the hills of the Phu Phan mountain range. The Yang River is the major watercourse. In the south is the Mun River, which also forms the boundary with Surin. At the mouth of the Chi River, where it enters the Mun River, a floodplain provides a good rice farming area. The total forest area is 346km² or 4.4 percent of provincial area.[1]
The area was already settled at the time of the Khmer empire, as several ruins show. However, the main history of the province began when Lao people from Champasak settled near Suwannaphum during the Ayutthaya Kingdom. In the late-18th century, King Taksin moved the city to its present site, then called Saket Nakhon.[6]
The provincial seal shows the shrine of the city pillar, which is in the artificial lake Bueng Phalan Chai. The spirit of the shrine, Mahesak, is revered by local people.
The provincial tree is Lagerstroemia macrocarpa. The provincial aquatic life is the spiny eel Macrognathus siamensis. It is an ingredient in making a namya (curry sauce) for eating with khanom chin (rice vermicelli), a local delicacy.
Route 214 leads north to Kalasin and south to Kaset Wiset, Surin, and Prasat. Route 2044 leads east to Phon Thong. Route 23 leads west to Maha Sarakham and Ban Phai, and east to Yasothon and Ubon Ratchathani. Route 215 leads south to Suwannaphum and the border with Surin province.
Roi Et is served by Roi Et Airport to the north of the town.[7] Thai AirAsia operates daily flights to Don Mueang Airport 470 kilometers away.
Roi Et's main hospital is Roi Et Hospital, a regional hospital operated by the Ministry of Public Health.
The province is divided into 20 districts (amphoes). The districts are further divided into 193 subdistricts (tambons) and 2,311 villages (mubans).
As of 26 November 2019 there are:[8] one Roi Et Provincial Administration Organisation (Thai: ongkan borihan suan changwat) and 73 municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. Roi Et has town (thesaban mueang) status. Further 72 subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon). The non-municipal areas are administered by 129 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations - SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).[2]
| Health | Education | Employment | Income | |
| 37 | 30 | 56 | 6 | |
| Housing | Family | Transport | Participation | |
| 8 | 18 | 46 | 60 | |
| Province Roi Et, with an HAI 2022 value of 0.6654 is "high", occupies place 10 in the ranking. | ||||
| Rank | Classification | |
| 1 - 13 | "high" | |
| 14 - 29 | "somewhat high" | |
| 30 - 45 | "average" | |
| 46 - 61 | "somewhat low" | |
| 62 - 77 | "low" |