| Term Start: | 1 May 2022 |
| Term Start1: | 1 May 2022 |
| Office1: | Deputy of the Legislative Assembly from San José's 1st seat |
| Predecessor: | Silvia Hernández Sánchez |
| Predecessor1: | Carlos Benavides Jiménez |
| Office: | President of the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica |
| Birth Place: | Heredia, Costa Rica |
| Birth Date: | 21 November 1946 |
| Birth Name: | Rodrigo Gerardo de Jesús Arias Sánchez |
| Office2: | Minister of the Presidency of Costa Rica |
| Party: | National Liberation Party |
| Predecessor3: | Danilo Jiménez Veiga |
| President3: | Óscar Arias |
| Term End3: | 8 May 1990 |
| Term Start3: | 8 May 1986 |
| Education: | University of Costa Rica University of Pennsylvania |
| Successor2: | Marco Vargas Díaz |
| Predecessor2: | Lineth Saborío Chaverri |
| Term End2: | 8 May 2010 |
| Term Start2: | 8 March 2006 |
| President2: | Óscar Arias |
| Successor3: | Rodolfo Méndez Mata |
Rodrigo Gerardo de Jesús Arias Sánchez (born 26 July 1946) is a Costa Rican lawyer and politician who has been President of the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica since 2022. He also served as Minister of the Presidency during the two governments of his brother, Óscar Arias Sánchez, from 1986 to 1990 and 2006 to 2010.
Sánchez was born in Heredia on 26 July 1946,[1] the second child after Óscar Arias, of Juan Rafael Arias Trejos and Lylliam Sánchez Cortés.
Sánchez graduated from the University of Costa Rica with a Bachelor of Laws in 1969 before earning a Master of Laws from the University of Pennsylvania in 1971.[1]
Sánchez was elected municipal councilor of Heredia for the four-year term 1974–1978. He achieved this victory even though he had not always been a member of the ranks of the National Liberation Party – as his brother Óscar Arias – because as a young man he sympathized with the presidential candidacy of José Joaquín Trejos, of the National Unification Party, who ruled from 1966 to 1970.[2]
After being advisor to the President of the Republic, Sánchez was appointed as Minister of the Presidency during the two governments of his brother, Óscar Arias Sánchez, from 1986 to 1990 and 2006 to 2010. During his tenures as Minister, Sánchez played an important role as a government spokesman and in favor of CAFTA implementation laws. In March 2009, Rodrigo Arias Sánchez declared himself in favor of a constitutional reform.[2]
Following the general elections, on 1 May 2022, Sánchez was elected President of the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica with 50 votes in favor.[3]