| Official Name: | Rocha |
| Settlement Type: | Capital city |
| Pushpin Map: | Uruguay |
| Pushpin Label Position: | bottom |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in Uruguay |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Uruguay |
| Subdivision Type1: | Department |
| Established Title: | Founded |
| Established Date: | 1793 |
| Population As Of: | 2011 census |
| Population Total: | 25422 |
| Population Blank1 Title: | Demonym |
| Population Blank1: | Rochense |
| Blank1 Name: | Climate |
| Blank1 Info: | Cfa |
| Timezone: | UTC -3 |
| Coordinates: | -34.4833°N -54.35°W |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 27000 |
| Area Code Type: | Dial plan |
| Area Code: | +598 447 (+5 digits) |
Rocha (pronounced as /es/) is the capital city of the Rocha Department in Uruguay.
It was founded in 1793 and had acquired the status of "Villa" (town) before the independence of Uruguay. On 7 July 1880 it was made capital of the Department of Rocha by the Act of Ley Nº 1.474, while its status was elevated to "Ciudad" (city) on 10 January 1894 by the Act of Ley Nº 2.252.
Rocha department features in Carlos María Domínguez's 2004 novel (The house of paper). The narrator visits the ruins of a house of books, which had been built and then destroyed by an obsessive book collector on the sand spit separating Rocha lagoon from the ocean.
In Rocha had a population of 25,422.[1]
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
| 1908 | 12,200 | |
| 1963 | 19,484 | |
| 1975 | 21,502 | |
| 1985 | 24,013 | |
| 1996 | 26,017 | |
| 2004 | 25,538 | |
| 2011 | 25,422 |
The city is located on the intersection of Route 9 with Route 15, about northeast of San Carlos of Maldonado Department. The stream Arroyo Rocha flows along the west limits of the city.
Rocha has a mild humid subtropical climate (Cfa, according to the Köppen climate classification), with pleasant summers and cool winters. It was oceanic (Cfb) before the current climatic table (1961-1990 period). The precipitation is evenly distributed throughout the year, with an average of 1123mm. The hottest month, January, has an average temperature of 22.5C, and the coldest month, July, has an average of 11.2C. The average yearly temperature is 16.8C.
Rocha is on the main road from Montevideo to the border with Brazil. Buses connect it to Montevideo. The rail station was closed in the 1980s. There is a small local airfield. There are plans to improve the local infrastructure substantially. The major project planned is to build a deep water port in or near La Paloma. There are also plans to build an airport to bring in tourism, for example, Rocha's lagoon has a circular bridge especially for it.