| Rocco Chinnici | |
| Birth Date: | 1925 1, df=yes |
| Birth Place: | Misilmeri, Italy |
| Death Place: | Palermo, Italy |
| Nationality: | Italian |
| Death Cause: | Car bomb by the Sicilian Mafia |
| Occupation: | Magistrate |
| Known For: | Investigations into the Sicilian Mafia |
Rocco Chinnici (pronounced as /it/, in Sicilian kɪnˈniːʃɪ/; 19 January 1925 – 29 July 1983) was an Italian anti-Mafia magistrate killed by the Sicilian Mafia.
Born at Misilmeri, Chinnici graduated in law at the University of Palermo in 1947 and started working as a magistrate in 1952 in Trapani. In 1966 he moved to the prosecutors office in Palermo. In November 1979, he became head of the Examining Office at the Palermo Court, following the murder of his predecessor, Cesare Terranova, by the Mafia.[1] At the time the prosecution was separated in an examining phase (the so-called instruction phase) and a prosecuting phase.
Chinnici created the Antimafia Pool, a group of investigating magistrates who closely worked together sharing information to diffuse responsibility and to prevent one person from becoming the sole institutional memory and solitary target. The famous Antimafia magistrates Giovanni Falcone and Paolo Borsellino were part of the Antimafia Pool as well as and .[2] The Antimafia pool laid the groundwork for the Maxi Trial against the Sicilian Mafia in 1986.
He was instrumental in reviving investigations into the Mafia and understood the need to bridge the gap between the judiciary and the rest of Sicilian society to create a counterculture against the Mafia and break down omertà, the law of silence that kept the Mafia alive. He frequently spoke out against the Mafia in public appearances and schools at a time when judges had avoided the word for many years.[1]
On 29 July 1983, a car bomb explosion in Palermo killed Chinnici, two of his bodyguards, Mario Trapassi and Salvatore Bartolotta, and the concierge of his apartment block, Stefano Li Sacchi, as he left the house to go to work.[1] The bomb was triggered by the notorious Mafia assassin Pino Greco, on the orders of his uncle Michele Greco. In 2002, Bernardo Provenzano, Salvatore Riina, Raffaele Ganci, Antonino Madonia, Salvatore Buscemi, Nenè Geraci, Giuseppe Calò, Francesco Madonia, Salvatore and Giuseppe Montalto, Stefano Ganci and Vincenzo Galatolo were sentenced in absentia to life imprisonment for ordering the murder of Chinnici.[3] [4] He was succeeded as Chief Prosecutor by Antonino Caponnetto.