Robert Hardin Williams Explained
Robert Hardin Williams (September 27, 1909, Savannah, Tennessee[1] – November 4, 1979) was a physician, specializing in endocrinology and diabetology.[2] He was the 49th President of The Endocrine Society.[3]
Biography
After growing up and graduating from high school in Savannah, Tennessee, Robert H. Williams graduated with a bachelor's degree in 1929 from Washington and Lee University and an M.D. in 1934 from Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. He was from 1934 to 1935 a medical intern in pathology at Boston City Hospital,[1] where he was mentored in endocrinology by Fuller Albright and James Howard Means.[3] From 1935 to 1937, Williams completed his medical training and residency in internal medicine at Vanderbilt University Hospital, which became Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC). He was from 1937 to 1938 an instructor at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and from 1938 to 1939 worked at the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine. At Harvard Medical School he was from 1939 to 1940 a fellow, from 1940 to 1944 an instructor, from 1944 to 1946 a medical associate, and from 1946 to 1948 an assistant professor.[1] In 1948 he resigned from Harvard Medical School to become the chair of the department medicine at the newly established University of Washington School of Medicine; he was the chair from 1948 to 1963 during the department's formative period.[2]
He was the editor of Textbook of Endocrinology (W. B. Saunders, 1950)[4] with a second edition in 1955[5] and many subsequent editions.[6] The Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 14th revised edition, was published in 2020.[7] He was the editor of, and wrote seven chapters for, the 1973 book To Live and Die: When, Why, and How,[8] [9] "which addressed the issues of euthanasia, suicide, population planning, organ transplantation, body-mind-soul interrelations, and the afterlife."[2]
In 1966 Williams was awarded the Banting Medal of the American Diabetes Association.[10]
He married in 1941 and became the father of several children.[1]
Selected publications
- Williams, Robert H.. Clinical biotin deficiency. New England Journal of Medicine. 228. 8. 1943. 247–252. 10.1056/NEJM194302252280802.
- 10.1210/endo-34-5-317. Anatomical Effects of Thiouracil. 1944. Williams. Robert H.. Weinglass. Albert R.. Bissell. Grosvenor W.. Peters. Jean B.. Endocrinology. 34. 5. 317–328.
- 10.1016/0002-9343(48)90248-4. Endocrine changes associated with Laennec's cirrhosis of the liver. 1948. Lloyd. Charles W.. Williams. Robert H.. The American Journal of Medicine. 4. 3. 315–330. 18904051.
- 10.1210/jcem-8-2-166. Chemical Assay for "Cortin". 1948. Daughaday. William H.. Jaffe. Herbert. Williams. Robert H.. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 8. 2. 166–174. 18907982.
- 10.1210/endo-51-5-451. The Role of the Pituitary-Adrenal System in Cystine-S35 Incorporation into Protein. 1952. Lee. Norman D.. Williams. Robert H.. Endocrinology. 51. 5. 451–456. 13010200.
- 10.1210/endo-54-1-5. The Intracellular Localization of Labeled Thyroxine and Labeled Insulin in Mammalian Liver. 1954. Lee. Norman D.. Williams. Robert H.. Endocrinology. 54. 1. 5–19. 13151087.
- 10.1210/endo-55-3-332. Comparative Distribution and Fate of I131-Labeled Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine. 1954. Vanarsdel. Paul. Hogness. John R.. Williams. Robert H.. Elgee. Neil. Endocrinology. 55. 3. 332–343. 13200442.
- 13191939. 1954. Williams RH. The clinical investigator and his role in teaching, administration, and the care of the patient. Journal of the American Medical Association. 156. 2. 127–136.
- 10.1210/endo-60-2-277. Studies on the Metabolism of Glucagon-I131 in Rats. 1957. Cox. Robert W.. Henley. Elaine D.. Narahara. Hiromichi T.. Vanarsdel. Paul P.. Williams. Robert H.. Endocrinology. 60. 2. 277–284. 13397495.
- 10.1210/endo-60-2-285. Degradation of Glucagon-I131 by Rat Tissues in Vitro. 1957. Narahara. H. T.. Williams. Robert H.. Endocrinology. 60. 2. 285–289. 13397496.
- 10.1210/endo-68-5-809. Severe Ketoacidosis in the Alloxan Diabetic Rat. 1961. Steiner. Donald F.. Rauda. Vija. Williams. Robert H.. Endocrinology. 68. 5. 809–817. free.
- 10.1210/endo-72-5-735. Esterification of Cholesterol by Homogenates of Rat Adrenal Tissue. 1963. Longcope. Christopher. Williams. Robert H.. Endocrinology. 72. 5. 735–741.
- 10.1126/science.152.3726.1248. Inhibition of Insulin Release by Norepinephrine in Man. 1966. Porte Jr.. Daniel. Williams. Robert H.. Science. 152. 3726. 1248–1250. 5327883. 1966Sci...152.1248P . 39143811.
- 10.1210/endo-81-2-213. Quantitation and Partial Characterization of Nonsuppressible Insulin-like Activity in Serum and Tissue Extracts of the Rat. 1967. Solomon. Solomon S.. Poffenbarger. Phillip L.. Hepp. Dieter K.. Fenster. L. Frederick. Ensinck. John W.. Williams. Robert H.. Endocrinology. 81. 2. 213–225. 4952847.
- 10.1210/endo-87-1-135. Effects of Insulin and Proinsulin on Isolated Fat Cells and Hemidiaphragms from Rats. 1970. Lavis. Victor R.. Ensinck. John W.. Williams. Robert H.. Endocrinology. 87. 1. 135–142. 5445361.
- 10.1210/endo-88-3-714. Hypoglycemic Activity and Immunological Half-life of Porcine Insulin and Proinsulin in Baboons and Swine. 1971. Stoll. R. W.. Touber. J. L.. Winterscheid. L. C.. Ensinck. J. W.. Williams. R. H.. Endocrinology. 88. 3. 714–717. 5541306.
- 10.1073/pnas.70.12.3478. Early Differentiation of Glucagon-Producing Cells in Embryonic Pancreas: A Possible Developmental Role for Glucagon. 1973. Rall. L. B.. Pictet. R. L.. Williams. R. H.. Rutter. W. J.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 70. 12. 3478–3482. 4519640. 427263. 1973PNAS...70.3478R . free.
- 10.1210/jcem-37-1-11. Effect of Age on Growth Hormone Secretion in Man. 1973. Dudl. R. James. Ensinck. John W.. Palmer. H. Earl. Williams. Robert H.. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 37. 1. 11–16. 4715288.
- 10.1210/endo-96-6-1374. Inhibition of Gastrin Release by Somatostatin in Vitro. 1975. Hayes. J. R.. Johnson. D. G.. Koerker. D.. Williams. R. H.. Endocrinology. 96. 6. 1374–1376. 1126310.
- 10.1210/endo-97-5-1210. The Effect on Gastrin Secretion of Agents which Increase the Intracellular Concentration of 3′,5′-Adenosine Monophosphate. 1975. Hayes. J. R.. Williams. R. H.. Endocrinology. 97. 5. 1210–1214. 171147.
References
- Book: American Men of Science: A Biographical Dictionary. 1949. 2719. Cattell, J.. 8th. The Science Press. Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
- Web site: Robert Hardin Williams papers. University of Washington Libraries, University of Washington, Seattle.
- 10.1210/jcem-50-3-607. Obituary. Robert H. Williams. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 1980. 50. 3. 607–608. 6987260. Daughaday. W. H.. free.
- brief review of Textbook of Endocrinology, edited by Robert H. Williams. Academic Medicine. 25. 4. 1950. 303.
- Review of Textbook of Endocrinology, 2nd edition, edited by Robert H. Williams. 7. 3. 449. United States Armed Forces Medical Journal. March 1956.
- Book: Williams Textbook of Endocrinology E-Book. 978-1437736007. Melmed, Shlomo. Polonsky, Kenneth S.. Larsen, P. Reed. Kronenberg, Henry M.. 12 May 2011. Elsevier Health Sciences .
- 10.4183/aeb.2019.416. Review of Williams Textbook of Endocrinology - 14th Revised Edition. 2019. Badiu. C.. Acta Endocrinologica . 15. 3. 416. 6992389.
- Horizons. 2. 1. Spring 1975. 173–174. Review of To Live and to Die: When, Why and How, edited by Robert H. Williams. 10.1017/S0360966900012238. 171275565.
- Book: Williams, Robert H.. To Live and Die: When, Why, and How. Springer Science and Business Media. 2013. 9781475743692. (1st edition, 1973)
- Web site: Banting Medal for Scientific Achievement. American Diabetes Association.