| Robert Earl Maxwell | |
| Office: | Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia |
| Term Start: | July 19, 1995 |
| Term End: | November 20, 2010 |
| Office1: | Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia |
| Term Start1: | 1965 |
| Term End1: | 1994 |
| Predecessor1: | Charles Ferguson Paul |
| Successor1: | Frederick Pfarr Stamp Jr. |
| Office2: | Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia |
| Term Start2: | August 11, 1965 |
| Term End2: | July 19, 1995 |
| Appointer2: | Lyndon B. Johnson |
| Predecessor2: | Charles Ferguson Paul |
| Successor2: | W. Craig Broadwater |
| Birth Name: | Robert Earl Maxwell |
| Birth Date: | 15 March 1924 |
| Birth Place: | South Bend, Indiana |
| Death Place: | Elkins, West Virginia |
| Education: | West Virginia University College of Law (LL.B.) |
Robert Earl Maxwell (March 15, 1924 – November 20, 2010) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia.
Born in South Bend, Indiana, Maxwell received a Bachelor of Laws from West Virginia University College of Law in 1949. He was in private practice in Randolph County, West Virginia in 1949. He was prosecuting attorney of Elkins, West Virginia from 1953 to 1961. He was the United States Attorney for the Northern District of West Virginia from 1961 to 1964.
On July 19, 1965, Maxwell was nominated by President Lyndon B. Johnson to a seat on the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia vacated by Judge Charles Ferguson Paul. Maxwell was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 11, 1965, and received his commission the same day. He served as Chief Judge from 1965 to 1994, and assumed senior status on July 19, 1995. His service terminated on November 20, 2010, due to his death in Elkins.[1]