| Birth Date: | August 7, 1889 |
| Birth Place: | Knott County, Kentucky |
| Death Place: | Russellville, Arkansas |
| Resting Place: | Oakland Cemetery Russellville, Arkansas |
| Office: | 8th Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas |
| Term Start: | January 12, 1937 |
| Term End: | January 12, 1943 |
| Governor: | Carl E. Bailey |
| Predecessor: | Lee Cazort[1] |
| Successor: | James L. Shaver[2] |
| Office2: | President of the Arkansas Senate |
| Term Start2: | January 12, 1925 |
| Term End2: | January 10, 1927[3] |
| Predecessor2: | Jake Wilson[4] |
| Successor2: | Lee Cazort[5] |
| State Senate3: | Arkansas |
| District3: | Fourth |
| Term Start3: | January 12, 1931 |
| Term End3: | January 14, 1935[6] |
| Predecessor3: | Paul McKennon |
| Successor3: | Armil Taylor |
| Term Start4: | January 8, 1923 |
| Term End4: | January 10, 1927[7] |
| Predecessor4: | Lee Cazort |
| Successor4: | Paul McKennon |
| Alma Mater: | Kentucky Wesleyan College University of Michigan |
| Profession: | Lawyer, politician |
| Spouse: | Sibyl Bailey |
Robert Ballard "Bob" Bailey (August 7, 1892 - December 23, 1957) was a lawyer and Democratic politician from Russellville, Arkansas. Winning a seat in the Arkansas Senate in 1923, he represented the Fourth District (Johnson and Pope counties) for eight of the next twelve years. Following ten years in private practice, Bailey was elected Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas in 1936, serving three two-year terms. As lieutenant governor, Bailey often served as acting governor when the governor was out of state.
Bailey served as lieutenant governor under Carl E. Bailey as well as Governor Homer M. Adkins' first lieutenant governor.