Macon, Georgia Explained

Macon
Official Name:Macon–Bibb County
Settlement Type:Consolidated city-county
Pushpin Map:Georgia (U.S. state)#USA
Pushpin Map Caption:Location within Georgia##Location within the United States
Pushpin Relief:q
Pushpin Label:Macon
Image Map1:File:Macon-Bibb County Consolidated Highlighted.svg
Map Caption1:Location within Bibb County
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name:United States
Subdivision Type1:State
Subdivision Name1:Georgia
Subdivision Type2:County
Subdivision Name2:Bibb
Established Title:Settled around Fort Benjamin Hawkins
Established Date:1809
Leader Title:Mayor
Leader Name:Lester Miller
Unit Pref:Imperial
Area Footnotes:[1]
Area Total Sq Mi:254.90
Area Total Km2:660.19
Area Land Sq Mi:249.38
Area Land Km2:645.89
Area Water Sq Mi:5.52
Area Water Km2:14.30
Population Total:156,337
Population As Of:2024
Population Footnotes:[2]
Population Density Sq Mi:630.95
Population Density Km2:243.61
Population Metro Footnotes:[3]
Population Metro:233802 (197th)
Timezone:EST
Utc Offset:-5
Timezone Dst:EDT
Utc Offset Dst:-4
Coordinates:32.8347°N -83.6517°W
Elevation M:116
Elevation Ft:381
Postal Code Type:ZIP Codes
Postal Code:31200–31299
Area Code:478
Blank Name:FIPS code
Blank Info:13-49000[4]
Blank1 Name:GNIS feature ID
Blank1 Info:0332301[5]
Website:maconbibb.us

Macon, officially Macon–Bibb County, is a consolidated city-county in Georgia, United States. Situated near the fall line of the Ocmulgee River, it is southeast of Atlanta and near the state's geographic center—hence its nickname "The Heart of Georgia".

Macon's population was 157,346 in the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Macon metropolitan statistical area, which had 234,802 people in 2020. It also is the largest city in the Macon–Warner Robins Combined Statistical Area (CSA), which had approximately 420,693 residents in 2017 and abuts the Atlanta metropolitan area to the northwest.

Voters approved the consolidation of the City of Macon and Bibb County governments in a 2012 referendum. Macon became the state's fourth-largest city (after Augusta) when the merger became official on January 1, 2014.[6]

Macon is served by three interstate highways: I-16 (connecting to Savannah and coastal Georgia), I-75 (connecting to Atlanta to the north and Valdosta to the south), and I-475 (a city bypass highway). The area has two small general aviation airports, Middle Georgia Regional Airport and Herbert Smart Downtown Airport. Residents traveling to and from the area mainly use the large commercial airport in Atlanta, approximately 80 miles to the northwest.

The city has several institutions of higher education and numerous museums and tourism sites.

History

Macon was founded on the site of the Ocmulgee Old Fields, where the Creek Indians lived in the 18th century. Their predecessors, the Mississippian culture, built a powerful agriculture-based chiefdom (950–1100 AD). The Mississippian culture constructed earthwork mounds for ceremonial, religious, and burial purposes. Indigenous peoples inhabited the areas along the Southeast's rivers for 13,000 years before Europeans arrived.[7]

Macon was developed at the site of Fort Benjamin Hawkins, built in 1809 at President Thomas Jefferson's direction after he forced the Creek to cede their lands east of the Ocmulgee River. (Archeological excavations in the 21st century found evidence of two separate fortifications.)[8] The fort was named for Benjamin Hawkins, who served as Superintendent of Indian Affairs for the Southeast territory south of the Ohio River for more than 20 years, had lived among the Creek, and was married to a Creek woman. Located at the fall line of the Ocmulgee River, the fort established a trading post with Native peoples at the river's most inland point navigable from the Low Country.

Fort Hawkins guarded the Lower Creek Pathway, an extensive and well-traveled American Indian network that the U.S. government later improved as the Federal Road, linking Washington, D.C., to the ports of Mobile, Alabama and New Orleans, Louisiana.[8] Used for trading with the Creek, the fort also was used by state militia and federal troops. It was a major military distribution point during the War of 1812 and the Creek War of 1813. After the wars, it was a trading post and garrisoned troops until 1821. Decommissioned around 1828, it later burned to the ground. A replica of the southeast blockhouse was built in 1938 and stands on an east Macon hill. Fort Hawkins Grammar School occupied part of the site. In the 21st century, archeological excavations have revealed more of the fort, increasing its historical significance, and led to further reconstruction planning for this major historical site.[8]

With the arrival of more settlers, Fort Hawkins was renamed "Newtown". After Bibb County's organization in 1822, the city was chartered as the county seat in 1823 and officially named Macon, in honor of Nathaniel Macon,[9] a statesman from North Carolina, from where many early Georgia residents hailed. City planners envisioned "a city within a park" and created a city of spacious streets and landscapes. Over 250acres were dedicated for Central City Park, and ordinances required residents to plant shade trees in their front yards.

Because of the beneficial local Black Belt geology and the availability of slave labor, cotton became the mainstay of Macon's early economy.[10] The city's location on the Ocmulgee River aided initial economic expansion, providing shipping access to new markets. Cotton steamboats, stagecoaches, and the 1843 arrival of the railroad increased marketing opportunities and contributed to Macon's economic prosperity.

Macon's growth had other benefits. In 1836, the Georgia Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church chose Macon as the location for Wesleyan College, the first U.S. college to grant women college degrees.[11] Nonetheless, Macon came in last in the 1855 referendum voting to be Georgia's capital city with 3,802 votes.[12] During the American Civil War, Macon served as the official arsenal of the Confederacy[10] manufacturing percussion caps, friction primers, and pressed bullets.[13] Camp Oglethorpe was established as a prison for captured Union officers and enlisted men. Later, it held only officers, at one time numbering 2,300. The camp was evacuated in 1864.[14]

Macon City Hall served as the temporary state capitol in 1864 and was converted to a hospital for wounded Confederate soldiers. The Union General William Tecumseh Sherman spared Macon on his march to the sea. His troops sacked the nearby state capital of Milledgeville, and Maconites prepared for an attack. Sherman, however, passed by without entering Macon.

The Macon Telegraph reported the city had furnished 23 companies of men for the Confederacy, but casualties were high. By war end, Maconite survivors fit for duty could fill only five companies.[15]

The city was taken by Union forces during Wilson's Raid on April 20, 1865.[16]

Because of its central location, Macon developed as a state transportation hub. In 1895, the New York Times dubbed Macon "The Central City" because of is emergence as a railroad transportation and textile factory hub.[17] Terminal Station was built in 1916.[18] In the twentieth century, Macon grew into a prospering town in Middle Georgia.

Macon has been impacted by natural catastrophes. In 1994 Tropical Storm Alberto made landfall in Florida and flooded several Georgia cities. Macon, which received 24inches of rain, suffered major flooding.[19]

On May 11, 2008, an EF2 tornado hit Macon. Touching down in nearby Lizella, the tornado moved northeast to the southern shore of Lake Tobesofkee, continued into Macon, and lifted near Dry Branch in Twiggs County. The storm's total path length was, and its path width was . The tornado produced sporadic areas of major damage, with widespread straight-line wind damage along its southern track. The most significant damage was along Eisenhower Parkway and Pio Nono Avenue in Macon, where two businesses were destroyed and several others were heavily damaged. The tornado also impacted Middle Georgia State College, where almost half of the campus's trees were snapped or uprooted and several buildings were damaged, with the gymnasium suffering the worst. The tornado's intensity varied from EF0 to EF2, with the EF2 damage and winds up to occurring near the intersection of Eisenhower Parkway and Pio Nono Avenue.

Consolidation

On July 31, 2012, voters in Macon (57.8 percent approval) and Bibb County (56.7 percent approval) passed a referendum to merge the governments of the city of Macon and most of unincorporated Bibb County. The vote came after the Georgia General Assembly passed House Bill 1171, authorizing the referendum earlier in the year;[6] [20] Four previous consolidation attempts (in 1933, 1960, 1972, and 1976) failed.[21] [22] [23]

As a result of the referendum, (i) the Macon and Bibb County governments were replaced with a mayor and a nine-member county commission elected by districts and (ii) a portion of Macon extending into nearby Jones County was disincorporated. Robert Reichert was elected the first mayor of Macon-Bibb in the September 2013 election, which required a runoff with C. Jack Ellis in October.[24] [25] [26] [27]

Timeline

Geography

The Ocmulgee River is a major river that runs through the city. Macon is one of Georgia's three major Fall Line Cities, along with Augusta and Columbus. The Fall Line is where the hilly lands of the Piedmont plateau meet the flat terrain of the coastal plain. As such, Macon has a varied landscape of rolling hills on the north side and flat plains on the south. The fall line, where the altitude drops noticeably, causes rivers and creeks in the area to flow rapidly toward the ocean. In the past, Macon and other Fall Line cities had many textile mills powered by the rivers.

Macon is located at (32.834839, −83.651672).[50]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 56.3sqmi, of which 55.8sqmi is land and 0.5sqmi (0.82%) is water.

Macon is approximately above sea level.

Climate

Macon has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa). The normal monthly mean temperature ranges from 46.3°F in January to 81.8°F in July. On average, there are 4.8 days with 100°F+ highs, 83 days with 90°F+ highs, and 43 days with a low at or below freezing; the average window for freezing temperatures is November 7 thru March 22, allowing a growing season of 228 days.

The city has an average annual precipitation of 45.7inches. The wettest day on record was July 5, 1994, with 10.25inches of rain, and the wettest month on record was July 1994, with 18.16inches of rain. On the other hand, since 1892, when precipitation records for the city began, there have been two months, October 1961 and October 1963, which did not even record a trace of precipitation in the city, and two other months, October 1939 and May 2007, which only recorded a trace. Snow is occasional, with about half of the winters receiving trace amounts or no snowfall, averaging 0.7inches; the snowiest winter was 1972−73 with 16.5inches.[51] [52]

Surrounding cities and towns

See main article: Macon, Georgia metropolitan area.

Demographics

Macon is the largest principal city in the Macon-Warner Robins-Fort Valley CSA, a combined statistical area that includes the Macon metropolitan area (Bibb, Crawford, Jones, Monroe, and Twiggs counties) and the Warner Robins metropolitan area (Houston, Peach, and Pulaski counties) with a combined population of 411,898 in the 2010 census.

Macon-Bibb County, Georgia – Racial and ethnic composition
!Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)!Pop 2000[53] !Pop 2010[54] ![55] !% 2000!% 2010!
White alone (NH)34,05025,296style='background: #ffffe6; 56,78735.01%27.69%style='background: #ffffe6; 36.09%
Black or African American alone (NH)60,50361,768style='background: #ffffe6; 85,23462.21%67.62%style='background: #ffffe6; 54.17%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)177146style='background: #ffffe6; 2810.18%0.16%style='background: #ffffe6; 0.18%
Asian alone (NH)608683style='background: #ffffe6; 3,2090.63%0.75%style='background: #ffffe6; 2.04%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)2728style='background: #ffffe6; 420.03%0.03%style='background: #ffffe6; 0.03%
Other race alone (NH)6097style='background: #ffffe6; 6020.06%0.11%style='background: #ffffe6; 0.38%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH)6641,069style='background: #ffffe6; 4,4540.68%1.17%style='background: #ffffe6; 2.83%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)1,1662,264style='background: #ffffe6; 6,7371.20%2.48%style='background: #ffffe6; 4.28%
Total97,25591,351style='background: #ffffe6; 157,346100.00%100.00%style='background: #ffffe6; 100.00%

As of the official 2010 U.S. census, the population of Macon was 91,351. In the last official census, in 2000, there were 97,255 people, 38,444 households, and 24,219 families residing in the city. The population density was 1742.8sp=usNaNsp=us. There were 44,341 housing units at an average density of 794.6sp=usNaNsp=us. The racial makeup of the city was 67.94% African American, 28.56% White, 0.02% Native American, 0.65% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.46% from other races, and 0.77% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 2.48% of the population. By the 2020 census, its population increased to 157,346.

There were 38,444 households, out of which 30.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.0% were married couples living together, 25.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.0% were non-families. 31.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.9% under the age of 18, 11.3% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 79.7 males. For every 100 females aged 18 and over, there were 72.8 males.

Crime

Since 2020, crime has become a higher concern in the city. In 2022, Macon set a homicide record with 70 homicides.[56] In 2023, Macon had the highest crime rate in Georgia. Macon had a crime rate of 52.6 crimes per 1,000 residents.[57] Gang activity is a major reason for the crime problem in Macon.[58] The Georgia Bureau of Investigation expanded its Gang Task Force Office to Macon in 2023.[59] As of 2024, crime has reduced in Macon compared to 2022 and 2023.[60] [61]

Economy

The aerospace, advanced manufacturing, food processing, healthcare, professional services, and warehouse and distribution industries drive the economy in Macon-Bibb County. Long-standing large private employers include Mercer University, GEICO's Southeast Corporate Headquarters, YKK USA, and Norfolk Southern Railway's Brosnan Yard.

The decline of the textile industry in the South, along with the shuttering of other large manufacturing operations, such as the closing of the Brown and Williamson plant in 2006, caused a decline in the city's economy in the 2000s. In recent years, the city has successfully landed numerous new employers to diversify the economy, such as Irving Consumer Products and Kuhmo Tire manufacturing plants, as well as multiple aerospace employers at the Middle Georgia Regional Airport, including an Embraer aircraft maintenance facility.[62]

The health care and social assistance sector is the largest industry in Macon by number of employees,[63] with the Atrium Health Navicent and Piedmont Healthcare Macon hospital systems, two of the city's largest employers, making Macon the healthcare hub for the Middle and South Georgia regions.

Personal income

The 2010 Census listed Macon's median household income as $28,366, below the state average of $49,347. The median family income was $37,268. Full-time working males had a median income of $34,163, higher than the $28,082 for females. The city's per capita income was $17,010. About 24.1% of families and 30.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 43.6% of those under age 18 and 18.4% of those over 65.[64]

Retail

Malls include The Shoppes at River Crossing, Macon Mall, and Eisenhower Crossing. Traditional shopping centers are in the downtown area and Ingleside Village.[65]

Military

Macon is the headquarters of the 48th Infantry Brigade Combat Team, Georgia Army National Guard.

The largest single-site industrial complex in Georgia,[66] Robins Air Force Base, is 10 miles south of Macon on Highway 247, just east of Warner Robins.

Arts and culture

Musical heritage

Macon has been home for numerous musicians and composers, including Emmett Miller, The Allman Brothers Band, Randy Crawford, Mark Heard, Lucille Hegamin, Ben Johnston, Otis Redding, Little Richard, Mike Mills,[67] and Bill Berry of R.E.M., as well as more recent artists like violinist Robert McDuffie and country artist Jason Aldean. Capricorn Records, run by Macon natives Phil Walden and briefly Alan Walden, made the city a Southern rock music production center in the late 1960s and 1970s.[68]

The Macon Symphony Orchestra,[69] a youth symphony, and the Middle Georgia Concert Band perform at the Grand Opera House in downtown Macon.[70]

The Georgia Music Hall of Fame was located in Macon from 1996 to 2011.[71]

Festivals

  • International Cherry Blossom Festival - a 10-day celebration held every mid-March in Macon.
  • The Mulberry Street Festival[72] - an arts and crafts festival held downtown the last weekend of March.
  • The Juneteenth Freedom Festival - An annual June performing arts and educational celebration of the end of American slavery in 1865, celebrating black freedom and heritage both ancient and contemporary.[73]
  • Pan African Festival - An annual celebration of the African diaspora and culture, held in April
  • Ocmulgee Indigenous Celebration - A celebration of the original residents of the land where Macon now sits, this festival is held every third weekend in September[74] at Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park.[75] Representatives from the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, Seminole, and other nations come to share stories, exhibit Native art, and perform traditional songs and dance.
  • Skydog[76] is a music festival celebrating the birthday, life, and music of Skydog (Duane Allman) held in November.
  • The Georgia Music Hall of Fame hosts Georgia Music Week in September.
  • Macon's annual Bragg Jam festival features an Art and Kids' Festival along the Ocmulgee Heritage Trail and a nighttime Pub Crawl.
  • Macon Film Festival[77] - an annual celebration of independent films, held the third weekend in July

Points of interest

Historical sites

Museums

  • The Allman Brothers Band Museum - the "Big House" used by the Allman Brothers Band in the early 1970s, now a museum of Allman Brothers history and artifacts
  • The Georgia Children's Museum[81] - interactive education, located in the downtown Museum District
  • Georgia Sports Hall of Fame
  • The Little Richard House and Museum - a museum of Little Richard's history and artifacts
  • Museum of Arts and Sciences and Planetarium
  • Tubman Museum of African American Art, History, and Culture - the largest African American museum in the Southeast

Community

  • City Hall, Georgia's capital for part of the Civil War
  • Douglass Theatre, named for its founder Charles Henry Douglass. An entrepreneur from a prominent black family, he was an established theatre developer well versed in the vaudeville and entertainment business. The theatre has undergone modern renovations and hosts numerous theatrical events.
  • The Grand Opera House, where the Macon Symphony Orchestra performs
  • Hay House - also known as the "Johnston-Felton-Hay House," it has been referred to as the "Palace of the South"[82]
  • City Auditorium, the world's largest true copper dome[83]
  • Macon Coliseum
  • Macon Little Theatre, established in 1934, is the area's oldest community theatre, producing seven plays/musicals per season
  • Waddell Barnes Botanical Gardens
  • Theatre Macon, in the old Ritz Theatre; they perform around nine shows a year

Sports

Macon is home to the Mercer Bears, with NCAA Division I teams in soccer (men's and women's), football, baseball, basketball (men's and women's), tennis, and lacrosse. Central Georgia Technical College competes in men's and women's basketball. Wesleyan College, a women's school, has basketball, soccer, cross country, tennis, softball, and volleyball teams.

ClubSportLeagueVenue
Macon Bacon[84] BaseballCoastal Plain LeagueLuther Williams Field
Macon MayhemIce hockeySPHLMacon Coliseum

Former teams

ClubSportLeagueVenueActive
Macon State College Blue StormVariousNCCAAVarious2009–2013
Macon Central City/HornetsBaseballSouthern LeagueCentral City Park1892–1894
Macon Highlanders/Brigands/Peaches/TigersBaseballSouth Atlantic LeagueCentral City Park and Luther Williams Field1904–1917, 1923–1930
Macon Peaches/Dodgers/Redbirds/PiratesBaseballSoutheastern League (1932), South Atlantic League (1936–42, 1946–60, 1962–63, 1980–87), Southern Association (1961), Southern League (1964, 1966–67)Luther Williams Field1932, 1936–1942, 1946–1960, 1961–1964, 1966–1967, 1980–1982
Macon BravesBaseballSouth Atlantic LeagueLuther Williams Field1991–2002
Macon PeachesBaseballSoutheastern LeagueLuther Williams Field2003
Macon MusicBaseballSouth Coast LeagueLuther Williams Field2007
Macon PinetoppersBaseballPeach State LeagueLuther Williams Field2010
Macon BlazeBasketballWorld Basketball AssociationMacon Coliseum2005
Macon WhoopeesIce hockeySouthern Hockey LeagueMacon Coliseum1974
Macon WhoopeeIce hockeyCentral Hockey League (1996-2001), ECHL (2001-02)Macon Coliseum1996–2002
Macon TraxIce hockeyAtlantic Coast Hockey League (2002–03), World Hockey Association 2 (2003-04), Southern Professional Hockey League (2004–05)Macon Coliseum2002–2005
Macon KnightsArena footballaf2Macon Coliseum2001–2006
Macon SteelIndoor footballAmerican Indoor FootballMacon Coliseum2012
Georgia DoomIndoor footballAmerican Arena LeagueMacon Coliseum2018–2019
Middle Georgia UnitedSoccerUPSLCavalier Fields2021-2021

Parks and recreation

The city maintains several parks and community centers.[85]

  • Ocmulgee Heritage Trail - a green way of parks, plazas, and landmarks along the Ocmulgee River in downtown Macon
  • Bloomfield Park
  • East Macon Park
  • Frank Johnson Recreation Center
  • Freedom Park
  • L.H. Williams Community School Center
  • Memorial Park
  • North Macon Park
  • Rosa Jackson
  • Senior Center
  • John Drew Smith Tennis Center
  • Tattnall Square Tennis Center
  • Charles H. Jones Gateway Park[86]
  • Carolyn Crayton Park (formerly Central City Park)[87]
  • Central City Skatepark

Baconsfield Park

U.S. Senator Augustus Bacon, of Georgia, in his 1911 will, devised land in Macon in trust, to be used as a public park for the exclusive benefit of white people. The park, known as Baconsfield, was operated in that manner for many years.[88] In Evans v. Newton,[89] the Supreme Court of the United States held that the park could not continue to be operated on a racially discriminatory basis. The Supreme Court of Georgia thereupon declared "that the sole purpose for which the trust was created has become impossible of accomplishment" and remanded the case to the trial court, which held cy-près doctrine to be inapplicable, since the park's segregated character was an essential and inseparable part of Bacon's plan. The trial court ruled that the trust failed and that the property reverted to Bacon's heirs. The Supreme Court of Georgia[90] and the U.S. Supreme Court affirmed.[91] The 50-acre (20 ha) park was lost and commercially developed.[92]

Government

See also: List of mayors of Macon, Georgia. Prior to 2013, the city government consisted of a mayor and city council. Robert Reichert was elected the first mayor of the consolidated Macon-Bibb County in October 2013. There are also 9 County Commissioners elected from districts within the county.

On March 15, 2019, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission charged the former County Manager, Dale M. Walker, with fraud.[93]

Education

Public schools

Bibb County Public School District operates district public schools.

Public high schools include:

Georgia Academy for the Blind, operated by the state of Georgia, is a statewide school for blind students.[99]

Also operated by Bibb County Public Schools:

  • Elam Alexander Academy[100]
  • Northwoods Academy[101]

Private high schools

Macon is home to several private high schools, many of which were established as segregation academies for parents wishing to avoid the desegration of private schools.[102]

State public charter schools

  • The Academy for Classical Education[104]
  • Cirrus Academy Charter School[105] [106]

Colleges and universities

Approximately 30,000 college students live in the greater Macon area.[107]

Media

See also: List of newspapers in Georgia (U.S. state). Macon has a substantial number of local television and radio stations. It is also served by two local papers.

Newspapers and magazines

  • The 11th Hour
  • Gateway Macon (web portal), The Local's Guide for Things To Do in Macon
  • Macon Business Journal, a journal chronicling the business community in the Middle Georgia region
  • Macon Community News, a monthly positive news print newspaper
  • The Mercer Cluster
  • The Telegraph, a daily newspaper published in Macon

References in popular culture

The Simpsons

In "Bart on the Road", the Season 7 episode of The Simpsons, character Nelson Muntz suggests the boys take a road trip to Macon. Later he reminds the group that none of their trouble would have happened had they chosen Macon over Knoxville, Tennessee.

Gone with the Wind

In Margaret Mitchell's novel Gone with the Wind, Aunt Pittypat's coachman, Uncle Peter, protected her when she fled to Macon during Sherman's assault on Atlanta.

Telltale's The Walking Dead

The city of Macon is visited in The Walking Dead episodic adventure game by Telltale Games and its standalone DLC 400 Days.

In Season One, the city is portrayed as a small rural town and is visited by the main characters as they temporarily set up camp in the city. The city is the hometown of the game's main protagonist and the playable character throughout the game, Lee Everett. He and the other survivors barricade themselves inside his family's pharmacy as they are besieged by zombies. After one of the survivors dies, the group heads to a motel on the outskirts of Macon where they set up camp for two more episodes, before eventually deciding to leave the city for Savannah.

In 400 Days, the city is briefly shown in the episode "Vince's Story" as a flashback to when the episode's main character, Vince, fatally shoots an unseen and unnamed resident of the city before fleeing into the night before the apocalypse began. This murder would ultimately lead to Vince's arrest and the events that occurred at the beginning of the zombie apocalypse.

Infrastructure

Hospitals

Transportation

Airports

Highways

Interstates:

U.S. Routes:

State Routes:

Mass transit

The Macon Transit Authority (MTA) is Macon's public-transit system, operating the Public Transit City Bus System throughout Macon-Bibb County. As of 2022, the MTA has a total of 10 city bus routes, operating out of the Terminal Station hub.[112]

Intercity bus and rail

Greyhound Lines provides intercity bus service. In 2019, they moved from a stand-alone bus station to the Terminal Station to be in the same hub as the local mass transit busses.[113]

Macon grew as a center of rail transport after the 1846 opening of the Macon and Western Railroad.[114] Two of the most note-worthy train companies operating through the city were the Central of Georgia Railway and the Southern Railway. The city continued to be served by passenger trains at Terminal Station until 1971. The Frisco Railroad's Kansas City–Florida Special served the city until 1964.[115] The Southern's Royal Palm ran from Cincinnati, through Macon, to Miami, Florida until 1966. (A truncated route served to Valdosta, Georgia until 1970.) The Central of Georgia's Nancy Hanks ran through Macon, from Atlanta to Savannah until 1971.Since at least 2006 Macon has been included in the proposed Georgia Rail Passenger Program to restore inter-city rail service but as of 2020, Georgia lacks any inter-city passenger rail service other than the federally funded inter-state Amtrak services. In 2022, Amtrak announced a new fifteen year plan to expand its services, which Macon was included in.[116]

Pedestrians and cycling

  • Heritage Trail
  • Ocmulgee Heritage Trail

Notable people

See main article: List of people from Macon, Georgia.

Sister cities

Macon has six sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International, Inc. (SCI):[117]

See also

Bibliography

Published in 19th century

  • Book: Southern Business Directory. John P. Campbell. Charleston, SC. Press of Walker & James. 1854. Georgia: Bibb County. https://books.google.com/books?id=_IRDAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA213.

Published in 20th century

  • Book: . . Georgia: Comprising Sketches of Counties, Towns, Events, Institutions, and Persons Arranged in Cyclopedic Form . State Historical Association . Atlanta . 1906. Macon . 2 . 511+. 2027/mdp.39015027784332?urlappend=%3Bseq=503 . .
  • Macon . 17 . 267 .
    • Ida Young, Julius Gholson, and Clara Nell Hargrove. History of Macon, Georgia (Macon, Ga.: Lyon, Marshall & Brooks, 1950).
  • John A. Eisterhold. "Commercial, Financial, and Industrial Macon, Georgia, During the 1840s", The Georgia Historical Quarterly, Winter 1969, Vol. 53 Issue 4, pp 424–441
  • James H. Stone. "Economic Conditions in Macon, Georgia in the 1830s", The Georgia Historical Quarterly, Summer 1970, Vol. 54 Issue 2, pp 209–225
  • Bowling C. Yates. "Macon, Georgia, Inland Trading Center 1826–1836", The Georgia Historical Quarterly, Fall 1971, Vol. 55 Issue 3, pp 365–377
  • McInvale, Morton Ray "Macon, Georgia: The War Years, 1861–1865" (Ph.D. dissertation, Florida State University, 1973)
  • Roger K. Hux. "The Ku Klux Klan in Macon 1919–1925", The Georgia Historical Quarterly, Summer 1978, Vol. 62 Issue 2, pp 155–168
  • Nancy Anderson, Macon: A Pictorial History (Virginia Beach, Va.: Donning, 1979).
  • Donnie D. Bellamy. "Macon, Georgia, 1823–1860: A Study in Urban Slavery", Phylon 45 (December 1984): 300–304, 308–309
  • Kristina Simms. Macon, Georgia's Central City: An Illustrated History (Chatsworth, Calif.: Windsor, 1989).
  • Titus Brown. "Origins of African American Education in Macon, Georgia 1865–1866", Journal of South Georgia History, Oct 1996, Vol. 11, pp 43–59
  • Macon: An Architectural Historical Guide (Macon, Ga.: Middle Georgia Historical Society, 1996).
  • Macon's Black Heritage: The Untold Story (Macon, Ga.: Tubman African American Museum, 1997).
  • Matthew W. Norman. "James H. Burton and the Confederate States Armory at Macon", The Georgia Historical Quarterly, Winter 1997, Vol. 81 Issue 4, pp 974–987
  • Titus Brown. "A New England Missionary and African-American Education in Macon: Raymond G. Von Tobel at the Ballard Normal School, 1908–1935", The Georgia Historical Quarterly, Summer 1998, Vol. 82 Issue 2, pp 283–304
  • Robert S. Davis. Cotton, Fire, & Dreams: The Robert Findlay Iron Works and Heavy Industry in Macon, Georgia, 1839–1912 (Macon, Ga., 1998)
  • Book: Richard W. Iobst. Civil War Macon: The History of a Confederate City. 2009 . 1999 . Mercer University Press. 978-0-88146-172-5.
  • Book: Macon, Georgia . Jeanne Herring . Arcadia . Charleston, South Carolina . Black America . 2000.

Published in 21st century

  • Book: Tracy Maurer. Macon Celebrates the Millennium . Montgomery, Ala. . Community Communications . 1581920342 . 2001.
  • Book: Andrew Michael Manis . Macon Black and White: An Unutterable Separation in the American Century. 2004. Mercer University Press. 978-0-86554-958-6. Andrew Manis.
  • Book: Paul T. Hellmann. Historical Gazetteer of the United States. 2006. Taylor & Francis. 1-135-94859-3. Georgia: Macon. .
  • Robert Scott Davis. "A Cotton Kingdom Retooled for War: The Macon Arsenal and the Confederate Ordnance Establishment", The Georgia Historical Quarterly, Fall 2007, Vol. 91 Issue 3, pp 266–291
  • Candace Dyer, Street Singers, Soul Shakers, Rebels with a Cause: Music from Macon (Macon, Ga.: Indigo Publishing Group, 2008).
  • Mara L. Keire. For Business and Pleasure: Red-Light Districts and the Regulation of Vice in the United States, 1890–1933 (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010); 248 pages; History and popular culture of districts in Macon, Ga., and other cities
  • Book: Images of America . Macon . Charleston, S.C. . Arcadia . 9781467111157. 2013.
  • Wynne, Ben, Something in the Water: A History of Music in Macon, Georgia, 1823-1980 (Mercer University Press, 2021)

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 2021 U.S. Gazetteer Files. United States Census Bureau. October 12, 2021.
  2. Web site: QuickFacts: Macon-Bibb County, Georgia . United States Census Bureau . May 2024 . August 7, 2024.
  3. Web site: 2020 Population and Housing State Data . United States Census Bureau . October 12, 2021.
  4. Web site: U.S. Census website. United States Census Bureau. 2008-01-31.
  5. Web site: US Board on Geographic Names. 2008-01-31. United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007.
  6. Web site: Macon-Bibb County consolidation wins with strong majorities . The Macon Telegraph . July 31, 2012 . 2012-08-01 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140719125943/http://www.macon.com/2012/07/31/2116420/first-macon-bibb-county-consolidation.html . July 19, 2014 . dead .
  7. Web site: Georgia Encyclopedia . Georgia Encyclopedia . May 20, 2009 . 2012-05-30 . September 6, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110906084250/http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?path=%2FHistoryArchaeology%2FArchaeologyandEarlyHistory%2FArchaeologicalPeriodsinGeorgia%2FArchaicPrehistoricPeriod&id=h-810 . dead .
  8. Web site: Fort Hawkins . usurped . https://web.archive.org/web/20100919235143/http://cityofmacon.net/visitors-museums-fort_hawkins . September 19, 2010 . 2017-06-25 . cityofmacon.net.
  9. Book: Gannett, Henry. The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. 1905. U.S. Government Printing Office. 195.
  10. Davis. Robert Scott. A Cotton Kingdom Retooled for War: The Macon Arsenal and the Confederate Ordnance Establishment. Georgia Historical Quarterly. 2007. 91. 3. 266–291. 15 February 2018.
  11. Web site: Colleges and Universities . Dlg.galileo.usg.edu . January 1, 1970 . 2012-02-29.
  12. Web site: Macon, Georgia . Roadsidegeorgia.com . March 19, 1990 . 2017-01-29 . December 19, 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20071219125047/http://roadsidegeorgia.com/city/macon.html . dead .
  13. Book: Miller, Francis Trevelyan . The Photographic History of The Civil War . 5: Forts and Artillery . Castle Books . 1957 . New York . 162 .
  14. Web site: Macon (Camp Oglethorpe) Prisoner of War Camp . Mycivilwar.com . 2017-01-29.
  15. Book: Cotton, Fire and Dreams . registration . 123 . macon arsenal. . Mercer University Press . 2012-05-30. 9780865545984 . Davis . Robert Scott . 1998 .
  16. http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/georgiabooks/pdfs/gb0390.pdf "The Last Battle of the Civil War"
  17. Web site: College Hill Corridor / Mercer Village Master Plan. Mercer University City of Macon. January 2009. 2012-08-07.
  18. Web site: Macon Terminal Station . Railga.com . 2017-01-29.
  19. News: Record Rain Pelts Georgia; 4 Die in Flood . The New York Times . July 31, 2012 . 2010-05-12.
  20. Web site: HB 1171 – Macon-Bibb County; create and incorporate new political body corporate . 2017-06-25 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120609043238/http://www1.legis.ga.gov/legis/2011_12/sum/hb1171.htm . June 9, 2012 .
  21. City-County Consolidation Proposals, 1921 - Present . https://web.archive.org/web/20120719083354/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Documents/City%20County%20Consolidations.01.01.2011.pdf . July 19, 2012 . National Association of Counties . 2011-02-11 . 2011.
  22. The Effects of City-County Consolidation: A Review of the Recent Academic Literature . Indiana Policy Review Foundation . Fort Wayne, IN . Samuel R. . Staley . Dagney . Faulk . Suzanne M. . Leland . D. Eric . Schansberg . November 16, 2005 . 2017-01-29 . July 21, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140721082018/http://www.ai.org/legislative/interim/committee/2005/committees/prelim/MCCC02.pdf . dead .
  23. Consolidation pass for Macon and Bibb county in the 2012 vote. "Consolidation of City and County Governments: Attempts in Five Cities". . Retrieved September 14, 2010.
  24. News: Lee . Maggie . Macon-Bibb merger proposes smaller, redesigned local government . 17 January 2022 . The Telegraph . Macon, Georgia . 28 February 2012.
  25. News: Macon-Bibb County consolidation wins with strong majorities. Mike Stucka. The Telegraph. Macon, Georgia. July 31, 2012. August 1, 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20140719125943/http://www.macon.com/2012/07/31/2116420/first-macon-bibb-county-consolidation.html. July 19, 2014. dead.
  26. Web site: Consolidation: 3 Areas of Macon and Bibb Affected Differently . https://archive.today/20130116000154/http://www.13wmaz.com/news/topstories/article/188608/175/Consolidation-3-Areas-of-Macon-and-Bibb-Affected-Differently . dead . January 16, 2013 . 13 WMAZ . July 13, 2012 . Erica . Lockwood .
  27. News: Gaines . Jim . Reichert wins Macon-Bibb mayor's office by wide margin over Ellis . 17 January 2022 . The Telegraph . Macon, Georgia. 15 October 2013 . ReichertMaconBibb.
  28. Web site: Georgia: Individual County Chronologies . Atlas of Historical County Boundaries . Scholl Center for American History and Culture . . Chicago . March 5, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170305011359/http://publications.newberry.org/ahcbp/ . March 5, 2017 . dead .
  29. Web site: US Newspaper Directory . Washington DC . Chronicling America . Library of Congress . March 5, 2017 .
  30. Web site: (Bibb County: Macon) . Explore Georgia's Historical Markers . May 22, 2014 . . March 5, 2017 .
  31. Book: Ernie Gross. This Day in American History. registration. 1990. Neal-Schuman . 978-1-55570-046-1.
  32. Web site: https://web.archive.org/web/20010407031333/http://www.cityofmacon.net/History/history.htm . Historic Moments in Macon . April 7, 2001 . City of Macon . (Timeline)
  33. Web site: Macon Loses Historic Georgia State Fair to New City . October 23, 2013 . . August 25, 2017 . August 26, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170826044438/http://www.gpb.org/news/2013/10/23/macon-loses-historic-georgia-state-fair-to-new-city . dead .
  34. Web site: Conventions by Year . Colored Conventions . University of Delaware, Library . March 4, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161014020945/http://coloredconventions.org/conventions?by=year . October 14, 2016 . dead .
  35. Web site: American Libraries before 1876 . Davies Project . Princeton University . March 4, 2017 .
  36. Web site: History of Riverside Cemetery . Riverside Cemetery . April 27, 2017 .
  37. Web site: Library History . Middle Georgia Regional Library . March 5, 2017 .
  38. Encyclopedia: Macon, Georgia . Encyclopedia of Southern Jewish Communities . . Jackson, Mississippi . March 5, 2017 .
  39. January 16, 1942 . Walker's Commercial & Vocational College . The Crisis . The Crisis Publishing Company . 49 . 1 . 12, 17–18, 27 . 0011-1422 . Google Books.
  40. Web site: Movie Theaters in Macon, GA . Cinema Treasures LLC . Los Angeles . March 5, 2017 .
  41. Story of the Middle Georgia Historical Society, Inc. . John J. Jr. . McKay . Georgia Historical Quarterly . 63 . 1 . 156–160 . 40580094 . 1979 .
  42. Book: M. F. . Mikula . etal . Great American Court Cases . Gale . 1999 .
  43. Web site: Today in Georgia History . Georgia Historical Society. March 5, 2017 .
  44. Web site: Middle Georgia Archives . Macon . March 5, 2017 . March 6, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170306033859/http://mgaarchives.bibblib.org/middle-georgia-archives . dead .
  45. Book: Official Congressional Directory . Washington, D.C. . Government Printing Office . 1983 . Georgia . . Official Congressional Directory . 1991/1992- : S. Pub. . 2027/uc1.31158007157232?urlappend=%3Bseq=80 .
  46. Web site: Members of Congress . . Washington DC . March 5, 2017 .
  47. Web site: https://web.archive.org/web/20010404041322/http://www.cityofmacon.net/ . City of Macon, Georgia . April 4, 2001 . .
  48. Web site: About . Historic Macon Foundation . March 5, 2017 .
  49. Web site: Macon-Bibb County, Georgia . State & County QuickFacts . U.S. Census Bureau . March 4, 2017 .
  50. Web site: US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990. United States Census Bureau. 2011-04-23. February 12, 2011.
  51. Web site: Average Total Snowfall (inches) for Selected Cities in the Southeast . Sercc.com . 2012-05-30 . April 17, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130417204503/http://www.sercc.com/climateinfo/historical/avgsnowfall.html . dead .
  52. Web site: Macon Weather . October 3, 2007 . US Travel and Weather. https://web.archive.org/web/20070929091850/http://www.ustravelweather.com/weather-georgia/macon-weather.asp . September 29, 2007. July 2011.
  53. Web site: P004 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Macon city, Georgia. United States Census Bureau.
  54. Web site: P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Macon city, Georgia. United States Census Bureau.
  55. Web site: P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Macon- Bibb County, Georgia. United States Census Bureau.
  56. Web site: Bibb Co. Coroner reacts to 2022 record breaking homicide numbers . January 2, 2023 .
  57. Web site: Study: Bibb County revealed as Georgia's crime capital . December 13, 2023 .
  58. Web site: 13Investigates: Former Macon gang member talks how gangs operate and how he got out . February 16, 2023 .
  59. Web site: GBI Expands Gang Task Force to Middle Georgia | Georgia Bureau of Investigation .
  60. Web site: 2024-04-18 . Yes, so far this year, crime is down in Macon-Bibb County VERIFY . 2024-04-23 . WMAZ . en-US.
  61. Web site: Fabian . Liz . 2024-01-03 . AskMayorMiller: New jail, downtown development, reduced crime rates . 2024-04-23 . The Macon Newsroom.
  62. Web site: Leading Industries .
  63. https://explorer.gdol.ga.gov/vosnet/mis/Profiles/msa/macon.pdf
  64. Web site: U.S. Census website . March 9, 2011 . 2017-06-25 .
  65. Web site: Georgia Department of Economic Development . Ingleside Village Shopping & Arts District | Macon, Georgia . Exploregeorgia.org . August 26, 2014 . 2017-01-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180202191634/http://www.exploregeorgia.org/listing/2586-ingleside-village-shopping-arts-district . February 2, 2018 . dead . mdy-all .
  66. Web site: Robins Air Force Base . 2017-01-29 . Military.com.
  67. Web site: Jason Ankeny . Mike Mills | Biography & History . . December 17, 1958 . 2017-01-29.
  68. Georgia Music Hall of Fame. "Alan Walden - Georgia Music Hall of Fame 2003 Inductee" . Georgiamusicstore.com. Retrieved August 27, 2008.
  69. Web site: Macon Symphony Orchestra Website . Maconsymphony.com . May 5, 2012 . 2012-05-30 . https://web.archive.org/web/20061105174528/http://www.maconsymphony.com/ . November 5, 2006 . dead . mdy-all .
  70. Web site: Middle Georgia Concert Band website . Middlegeorgiaconcertband.org . January 9, 2012 . 2012-05-30.
  71. News: Closed Georgia Music Hall site 'surplus property' . Dave . Williams . 2012-02-23.
  72. Web site: Home - Middle Georgia Art Association . Middlegeorgiaart.org . 2012-02-29.
  73. Web site: 2023-06-17 . Macon Makes Juneteenth Bigger Than Ever - Macon Magazine . 2024-04-24 . Macon Magazine . en-US.
  74. Web site: Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park . 2024-04-24 . Official Georgia Tourism & Travel Website Explore Georgia.org . en.
  75. Web site: Ocmulgee Indigenous Celebration - Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service) . 2024-04-24 . U.S. National Park Service . en.
  76. Web site: Skydog 73. wdawebs.com.
  77. Web site: Macon Film Festival . Macon Film Festival . February 19, 2012 . 2012-02-29.
  78. Web site: "Cannonball House" Website . Cannonballhouse.org . February 6, 2012 . 2012-05-30.
  79. Web site: coming soon...Historic Macon Foundation . 2017-06-25 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20040828014744/http://www.historicmacon.org/slc.html . August 28, 2004 .
  80. Web site: History of Temple Beth Israel . 2017-06-25 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20050206203949/http://www.ga011.urj.net/hxtbi.html . February 6, 2005 .
  81. Web site: Georgia Children's Museum in Macon, GA . Georgiachildrensmuseum.com . 2012-02-29 . February 24, 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080224125441/http://www.georgiachildrensmuseum.com/ . dead .
  82. Web site: History of the Hay House. The Georgia Trust. July 2, 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120716095413/http://www.georgiatrust.org/historic_sites/hayhouse/history.php. July 16, 2012. dead. mdy-all.
  83. Web site: Rutland Architectural Blog - Roof Domes . Rutlandguttersupply.com . September 8, 2010 . 2012-02-29 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100913050514/http://www.rutlandguttersupply.com/blog/2010/09/08/RoofDomes.aspx . September 13, 2010 .
  84. Web site: info . March 13, 2018 . 2018-03-13.
  85. Web site: Recreation Centers | cityofmacon.net . 2017-06-25 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100723145209/http://www.cityofmacon.net/citydept-pr-recctr . July 23, 2010 .
  86. Web site: Otis Redding Statue at Ocmulgee Heritage Trail Gateway Park | Macon, Georgia . Exploregeorgia.org . August 26, 2014 . 2017-01-29.
  87. News: McGouirk . Brandon . Macon community celebrates as Central City Park officially rebrands to honor local icon, Carolyn Crayton . 21 August 2023 . WGXA News . 12 July 2023.
  88. Web site: The Case over Baconsfield Park . https://web.archive.org/web/20141104092909/http://faculty.mercer.edu/davis_da/fys102/baconsfield.html . 2014-11-04 . 2022-09-02 . Mercer University.
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  90. 224 Ga. 826, 165 S.E.2d 160 (1968)
  91. Evans v. Abney, 396 U.S. 435 (1970).
  92. Web site: Baconsfield: Macon's Missing Park. May 3, 2019.
  93. Web site: SEC Charges Former Municipal Officer with Fraud in Connection with Public Pension Funds. Mar 15, 2019. U.S.Securities and Exchange Commission. March 15, 2019.
  94. Web site: School Listing. Bibb County Board of Education. July 2, 2012.
  95. Web site: School Listing. Bibb County Board of Education. July 2, 2012.
  96. Web site: School Listing. Bibb County Board of Education. July 2, 2012.
  97. Web site: School Listing. Bibb County Board of Education. July 2, 2012.
  98. Web site: School Listing. Bibb County Board of Education. July 2, 2012.
  99. Web site: Welcome to Georgia Academy for the Blind . Georgia Academy for the Blind . July 2, 2012 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120404053823/http://www.gabmacon.org/index.aspx . April 4, 2012 .
  100. Web site: Elam Alexander Academy / Overview . Schools.bibb.k12.ga.us . 2017-01-29.
  101. http://schools.bibb.k12.ga.us/butler
  102. Book: Manis, Andrew Michael . Macon Black and White: An Unutterable Separation in the American Century . 2004 . Mercer University Press . 9780865549586 . 312 . en . Andrew Manis.
  103. Web site: Covenant Academy . 2017-06-25 . deviated . December 3, 2001 . https://web.archive.org/web/20011203124418/http://www.covenantacademy.net/ .
  104. Web site: Academy for Classical Education . Acemacon.org . 2017-01-29.
  105. https://www.cirrusacademy.org/ Cirrus Academy Charter School
  106. Web site: Madison Cavalchire . New charter school opens in Macon; 13 WMAZ . 13wmaz.com . August 1, 2016 . 2021-12-04.
  107. Web site: Great South League | Macon Giants . Greatsouthleague.pointstreaksites.com . January 2, 2011 . 2012-02-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130115133753/http://www.maconworks.com/higher-education.da . January 15, 2013 . dead .
  108. Web site: The Medical Center - Navicent Health, Macon, Georgia - Atrium Health Navicent . 2022-09-02 . navicenthealth.org . en.
  109. Web site: 2021-05-03 . 'Cost-effective and efficient care': Piedmont Healthcare purchasing Coliseum Medical Centers, Coliseum Northside . 2022-09-02 . WMAZ . en-US.
  110. Web site: Piedmont Macon Medical Center Piedmont Healthcare . 2022-09-02 . www.piedmont.org.
  111. Web site: Piedmont Macon North Hospital Piedmont Healthcare . 2022-09-02 . www.piedmont.org.
  112. News: Eason . Jenna . Riding the bus in Macon isn't so hard. Here's a simple guide to get you started . 30 May 2022 . The Macon Telegraph . 30 April 2021.
  113. News: Kousouris . Abby . 'It's all here in the same building:' Greyhound station relocates to Macon Transit hub . 29 May 2022 . 13wmaz.com . 31 July 2019.
  114. Web site: Norfolk Southern – The Thoroughbred of Transportation | Creating green jobs shipping freight by rail . Nscorp.com . 2012-02-29 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120315214622/http://www.nscorp.com/nscportal/nscorp/Community/NS%20History/timeline.html . March 15, 2012 .
  115. Web site: "Kansas City-Florida Special" (Train): Timetable, Schedule .
  116. Web site: People in Macon could soon catch a train to Atlanta, Savannah under new federal infrastructure plan. April 4, 2021.
  117. Web site: Macon Sister Cities Commission | cityofmacon.net . 2017-06-25 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120326072337/http://www.macon.ga.us/sister-cities . March 26, 2012 .

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