| Rift Valley Province | |
| Native Name: | Mkoa wa Bonde la Ufa |
| Native Name Lang: | sw |
| Settlement Type: | Former Province |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Kenya |
| Subdivision Type1: | No. of Counties |
| Subdivision Name1: | 14 |
| Seat Type: | Capital |
| Seat: | Nakuru |
| Area Total Km2: | 182,505.1 |
| Population As Of: | 2009 |
| Population Total: | 10,006,805 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone: | EAT |
| Utc Offset: | +3 |
| Coordinates: | 0.5°N 36°W |
Rift Valley Province (Swahili: Mkoa wa Bonde la Ufa) of Kenya, bordering Uganda, was one of Kenya's eight provinces, before the 2013 Kenyan general election.Rift Valley Province was the largest and one of the most economically important provinces in Kenya. It was dominated by the Kenya Rift Valley which passes through it and gives the province its name. According to the 2009 Census, the former province covered an area of 182505.1km2 and would have had a population of 10,006,805,[1] [2] making it the largest and most populous province in the country. The bulk of the provincial population inhabited a strip between former Nairobi and Nyanza Province. The capital was the town of Nakuru.
As of March 2013 after the Kenyan general election, 2013, the Province was partitioned into counties and Rift Valley Province was dissolved.[3]
| Code | County | Former Province | Area (km2) | Population Census 2009 | Capital | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23 | Rift Valley | 71,597.8 | 855,399 | Lodwar | ||
| 24 | Rift Valley | 8,418.2 | 512,690 | Kapenguria | ||
| 25 | Rift Valley | 20,182.5 | 223,947 | Maralal | ||
| 26 | Rift Valley | 2,469.9 | 818,757 | Kitale | ||
| 27 | Rift Valley | 2,955.3 | 894,179 | Eldoret | ||
| 28 | Rift Valley | 3,049.7 | 369,998 | Iten | ||
| 29 | Rift Valley | 2,884.5 | 752,965 | Kapsabet | ||
| 30 | Rift Valley | 11,075.3 | 555,561 | Kabarnet | ||
| 31 | Rift Valley | 8,696.1 | 399,227 | Nanyuki | ||
| 32 | Rift Valley | 7,509.5 | 1,603,325 | Nakuru | ||
| 33 | Rift Valley | 17,921.2 | 850,920 | Narok | ||
| 34 | Rift Valley | 21,292.7 | 687,312 | Kajiado | ||
| 35 | Rift Valley | 2,454.5 | 752,396 | Kericho | ||
| 36 | Rift Valley | 1,997.9 | 730,129 | Bomet | ||
| Totals | 182,505.1 | 10,006,805 | - |
The Great Rift Valley runs south through Kenya from Lake Turkana in the north and has several unique geographical features, including the Elgeyo escarpment which is a popular tourist attraction.
Apart from the Rift Valley itself, the area has other important geographic features such as: the extinct volcanoes Mount Longonot and Mount Suswa and Lake Baringo, Lake Bogoria, Lake Magadi, Lake Nakuru, Lake Naivasha, the Suguta Valley, and Lake Turkana.
A large part of Kenya is underlain by Precambrian basement, while the Kenya rift basin (a typical extensional basin) hosts Tertiary volcanics that cover Mesozoic sediments (Recently these sediments have been considered for oil exploration).[4] The sedimentary basins evolved along the Anza trough during the Late Paleozoic to Early Tertiary times through extension tectonics during the major Gondwanaland breakup. In the Miocene Period, the region underwent intermittent uplift and subsidence along major boundary faults accompanied by a large outpouring of lava flows. The Anza trough intersects the modern rift valley in the area of Lake Turkana. Rifting still continues today; primarily in the north, where active volcanoes are more plentiful.
The highlands provide adequate rainfall for farming and agriculture which is the economic base of the residents of the Rift Valley. Tea from the highlands in the Kericho district enjoys a worldwide reputation, but horticulture is an important part of the district's economy and cattle raising is also practised to a large extent.
The full economic potential of the Rift Valley region is, however, far from fully exploited, though the current growth in population and improved education may change this in a near future. People in the province are still mostly rural, but urbanisation is gradually increasing; new cities and towns contain the rural-urban migration and, provided the right policies are instituted, the Rift Valley province will be able to emerge as a national economic and cultural hub.
The Rift Valley is home to various communities. The people of the Rift Valley are a mesh work of different ethnic identities, and the Kalenjin and the Maasai are two of the best known ethnic groups. Most of Kenya's top runners come from the Kalenjin community. The Maasai people have the most recognizable cultural identity, both nationally and internationally, and serve as Kenya's international cultural symbol.