| Honorific Prefix: | The Right Honourable |
| Richard Anderson | |
| Term Start: | 1685 |
| Term End: | 1689 |
| Birth Date: | April 1659 |
| Death Date: | 1695 |
| Spouse: | Elizabeth Spencer |
| Mother: | Elizabeth Hewett |
Richard Anderson (April 1659 – 1695) was the English MP for Aylesbury from 1685 till 1689.
Richard Anderson was the second son of Sir Richard Anderson, 2nd Baronet of Penley and Elizabeth Hewett, the daughter of Sir Thomas Hewett, 1st Baronet. On 22 July 1679, he married Elizabeth Spencer, the daughter of Richard Spencer, a vintner in Berry Street, Aldgate, London.
Anderson was elected MP for Aylesbury in James II's parliament in 1685 as a Tory.