| County: | Rice County |
| State: | Kansas |
| Type: | County |
| Ex Image: | Rice_County_Courthouse_(Kansas).jpg |
| Ex Image Cap: | Rice County Courthouse in Lyons (2022) |
| Founded: | February 26, 1867 |
| Named For: | Samuel Allen Rice |
| Seat Wl: | Lyons |
| Largest City Wl: | Lyons |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 728 |
| Area Land Sq Mi: | 726 |
| Area Water Sq Mi: | 1.7 |
| Area Percentage: | 0.2% |
| Population As Of: | 2020 |
| Population Total: | 9,427 |
| Pop Est Footnotes: | [1] |
| Pop Est As Of: | 2023 |
| Population Est: | 9260 |
| Population Density Sq Mi: | 13.0 |
| District: | 1st |
| Time Zone: | Central |
Rice County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas. Its county seat and largest city is Lyons.[2] As of the 2020 census, the county population was 9,427.[3] The county was named in memory of Samuel Allen Rice, Brigadier-General, United States volunteers, killed April 30, 1864, at Jenkins Ferry, Arkansas.[4]
See also: History of Kansas. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.
In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France, but keeping title to about 7,500 square miles. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.
In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1867, Rice County was established.
The Santa Fe Trail followed the route of present-day U.S. Route 56. Ruts in the earth from the trail are still visible in several locations. (Ralph's Ruts are visible in aerial photos at 38.3596°N -98.4223°W.)[5]
In 1878, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway and parties from Marion County and McPherson County chartered the Marion and McPherson Railway Company.[6] In 1879, a branch line was built from Florence to McPherson, in 1880 it was extended to Lyons, in 1881 it was extended to Ellinwood.[7] The line was leased and operated by the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. The line from Florence to Marion, was abandoned in 1968.[8] In 1992, the line from Marion to McPherson was sold to Central Kansas Railway. In 1993, after heavy flood damage, the line from Marion to McPherson was abandoned. The original branch line connected Florence, Marion, Canada, Hillsboro, Lehigh, Canton, Galva, McPherson, Conway, Windom, Little River, Mitchell, Lyons, Chase, Ellinwood.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of, of which is land and (0.2%) is water.[9]
As of the census[10] of 2000, there were 10,761 people, 4,050 households, and 2,830 families residing in the county. The population density was 15/mi2. There were 4,609 housing units at an average density of 6/mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 94.68% White, 1.15% Black or African American, 0.57% Native American, 0.33% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 1.84% from other races, and 1.39% from two or more races. 5.61% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 4,050 households, out of which 31.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.10% were married couples living together, 7.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.10% were non-families. 27.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.97.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 24.70% under the age of 18, 13.30% from 18 to 24, 22.80% from 25 to 44, 21.30% from 45 to 64, and 18.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 92.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.20 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $35,671, and the median income for a family was $40,960. Males had a median income of $31,175 versus $18,968 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,064. About 8.50% of families and 10.70% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.60% of those under age 18 and 8.20% of those age 65 or over.
The Kansas Constitution was amended in 1986 to allow the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink with the approval of voters, either with or without a minimum of 30% of sales coming from food. Rice County is one of 35 counties in the state that allows for the sale of liquor by the drink without the minimum food sales stipulation.[11]
List of townships / incorporated cities / unincorporated communities / extinct former communities within Rice County.[12]
Rice County is divided into twenty townships. The cities of Lyons and Sterling are considered governmentally independent and are excluded from the census figures for the townships. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.
| Township | Population center | Population | Population density /km2 (/sq mi) | Land area km2 (sq mi) | Water area km2 (sq mi) | Water % | Geographic coordinates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atlanta | 03075 | 233 | 3 (7) | 90 (35) | 0 (0) | 0.25% | 38.3061°N -98.1994°W | ||
| Bell | 05375 | 18 | 0 (0) | 94 (36) | 1 (0) | 0.65% | 38.2194°N -98.4006°W | ||
| Center | 12075 | 136 | 1 (4) | 95 (37) | 0 (0) | 0.04% | 38.2972°N -98.3033°W | ||
| East Washington | 19725 | 179 | 2 (5) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.03% | 38.2217°N -97.9761°W | ||
| Eureka | 21900 | 65 | 1 (2) | 95 (37) | 0 (0) | 0% | 38.4978°N -98.3225°W | ||
| Farmer | 23100 | 441 | 5 (12) | 94 (36) | 0 (0) | 0% | 38.5°N -98.4153°W | ||
| Galt | 25175 | 51 | 1 (1) | 94 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.22% | 38.4689°N -98.0997°W | ||
| Harrison | 30425 | 192 | 2 (5) | 92 (35) | 0 (0) | 0.06% | 38.3842°N -98.1969°W | ||
| Lincoln | 41100 | 577 | 6 (16) | 95 (37) | 0 (0) | 0% | 38.3694°N -98.3219°W | ||
| Mitchell | 47525 | 131 | 1 (4) | 94 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.18% | 38.39°N -98.095°W | ||
| Odessa | 52150 | 55 | 1 (2) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.10% | 38.4714°N -97.9892°W | ||
| Pioneer | 55925 | 101 | 1 (3) | 94 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.03% | 38.3928°N -98.4275°W | ||
| Raymond | 58575 | 185 | 2 (5) | 92 (36) | 1 (0) | 0.71% | 38.2939°N -98.4156°W | ||
| Rockville | 60725 | 134 | 1 (4) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.04% | 38.3047°N -97.96°W | ||
| Sterling | 68225 | 223 | 2 (5) | 114 (44) | 1 (0) | 1.01% | 38.2053°N -98.1956°W | ||
| Union | 72325 | 741 | 8 (21) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0% | 38.3928°N -97.9922°W | ||
| Valley | 73100 | 276 | 4 (9) | 77 (30) | 1 (0) | 1.11% | 38.2242°N -98.3122°W | ||
| Victoria | 73825 | 364 | 4 (10) | 94 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.06% | 38.4992°N -98.1733°W | ||
| West Washington | 77425 | 138 | 1 (4) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.12% | 38.2192°N -98.0828°W | ||
| Wilson | 79775 | 147 | 2 (4) | 94 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.02% | 38.3006°N -98.1006°W |
The CW television series Superman & Lois places Superman's home town of Smallville in Rice County ("Pilot").