Ricardo Galvão Explained

Ricardo Magnus Osório Galvão
Birth Date:1947 12, df=y
Birth Place:Itajubá, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Field:Plasma physics
Workplaces:,,
Thesis Title:Non-Circular Cross-Section Tokamaks
Thesis Year:1975
Thesis Url:https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2412571
Doctoral Advisor:Bruno Coppi
Prizes:,,
Embed:yes
Party:REDE (2022–present)[1]

Ricardo Magnus Osório Galvão (born 21 December 1947) is a prominent Brazilian physicist and engineer, formerly the Director-General of the National Institute for Space Research.[2] [3] He is a full Professor of the Institute of Physics of the University of São Paulo, member of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences,[4] fellow of the Institute of Physics and councilman of the European Physical Society.[5] Galvão has occupied major positions within the Brazilian Physics community such as the presidency of the Brazilian Physical Society (2013–2016) and the directorship of the Brazilian Center for Research in Physics (2004–2011).[6]

Galvão's research is primarily devoted to plasma physics and thermonuclear magnetic fusion. He served as a board member for Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion (1995–2005) and headed the Plasma Physics Laboratory of the University of São Paulo (2000–2016), where he oversaw the operation of the TCABR tokamak.[7]

In August 2019, he was removed from his position as Director-General of the National Institute for Space Research, after a public disagreement with President Jair Bolsonaro over scientific data that showed a significant increase in deforestation in the Amazon rainforest since the latter took office.[8]

Biography

He graduated in Telecommunications Engineering from Universidade Federal Fluminense in 1969. He obtained a Master's degree in Electrical Engineering from the State University of Campinas in 1972 and a PhD in Plasma Physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1976.[4]

He was director of the Brazilian Centre for Physics Research (CBPF) between 2004 and 2011 and president of the Brazilian Physical Society between 2013 and 2016.[3] [6] A full professor at the University of São Paulo, Galvão is a researcher at the USP's Plasma Physics Laboratory, where he conducts research in the area of nuclear fusion with the TCABR tokamak.[7]

He was a professor at Unicamp from 1971 to 1982 and at the University of São Paulo since 1983, where he is currently a full professor. In parallel, he also worked as a researcher for the Aerospace Technical Centre from 1982 to 1986.[9] In 1981 he also worked, inside USP, together with Ivan Nascimento, in the construction of TBR-1, the first tokamak in Latin America, which was functional until 1995.[10]

From 2005 to 2012 he was director of the Brazilian Centre for Physics Research (CBPF).[11]

In 2016 he took over as head of the National Institute for Space Research.[2] [3] Following his exoneration in 2019, Galvão returned to teaching at the Institute of Physics at USP.[12]

Awards

In 1984 Galvão received the ICTP Prize from the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, for his theoretical contributions in magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium and stability, resistive modes and laser interaction with matter.[13] In 2008 he was admitted to the Class of Commander of the National Order of Scientific Merit[14] and in 2015 received the Carneiro Felippe Medal.[15]

Friction with Jair Bolsonaro

On Friday, 19 July 2019, the president Jair Bolsonaro publicly criticized Ricardo Galvão during a news conference with the international press, accusing him of giving lying data about Amazon deforestation and being in the service of some NGO: "The issue of Inpe, I have the conviction that the data are liers. I even sent to see who is the guy who is in front of Inpe. He will have to come explain here in Brasília this data there that passed to the press worldwide, which our feeling does not match the truth. It even seems that he is at the service of some NGO, which is very common."[16] [17] [18] The Ministry of Science even built a group to survey Ricardo Galvão's life, in order to see any things he "did wrong," as a way to force him to resign, as well as having his phone tapped.[19]

On Saturday, Galvão countered the criticism made by the president:[20] [21] [22] [23]

On the same day, the board of the Brazilian Society for the Advancement of Science defended Galvão in a manifesto that classified Bolsonaro's attacks as offensive, ideological and without foundation.[24] [25] [26] On Sunday, the Brazilian Physics Society issued a note also supporting Galvão and deploring the attacks made by the president.[27] Still on the 21st, the Brazilian Academy of Sciences[28] and its president, Luiz Davidovich,[29] also expressed support for Galvão, as did former Minister of Science and Technology José Israel Vargas.[30] On 22 July, Galvão received expressions of support from the 56 scientists who make up the Science and Society Coalition,[31] [32] [33] of Science and Technology Forum Entities[34] and physicist Luiz Pinguelli Rosa.[35] Galvão reaffirmed his previous statements and although he would not respond to the note of minister Marcos Pontes for not knowing its content and would meet with the minister before replying. He further stated that he had already contacted the minister.[36] On 7 August 2019, Ricardo Galvão's dismissal was published.[37]

Douglas Morton, director of the Biosphere Sciences Laboratory at NASA's Space Flight Center, said INPE's results were "unquestionable," explained that INPE had always worked in a technical and judicious manner and classified Galvão's dismissal as significantly alarming and reflected as "current government treats science.[38] [39] The official deforestation data issued by the Real-Time Deforestation Detection System (DETER) confirmed INPE's accuracy.[40]

For his defence of science against Bolsonaro's attacks, the scientific journal Nature named Galvão as one of 2019's ten most important people in science.[41] [42] In 2021 the American Association for the Advancement of Science awarded Galvão the Scientific Freedom and Responsibility Award.[43] [44]

Political career

In 2022 Ricardo Galvão joined the REDE party[45] with the goal of running for a seat as a federal deputy for São Paulo in the 2022 elections,[46] and received support from former President Lula.[47] Galvão is also part of the Engaged Scientists movement.[48]

On October 2, 2022, Ricardo Galvão ran for federal deputy for the state of São Paulo, when he obtained 40,365 votes, a result that put him in third place in the party federation between REDE and PSOL, behind the PSOL candidate Luciene Cavalcante, first deputy with 49,131 votes, and the then federal deputy Ivan Valente, second deputy with 44,424 votes.[49] [50]

On November 16, 2022 Ricardo Galvão was announced by Vice President-elect Geraldo Alckmin as a member of the transition team in the Environment portfolio of elected government in 2022.[51]

On January 13, 2023, after the inauguration of the government elected in 2022, Minister Luciana Santos decided to appoint Ricardo Galvão as president of CNPq,[52] being inaugurated on January 17.[53]

Tribute

The moth Diptychophora galvani Landry & Becker, 2021 is dedicated to Galvão, "for his courage in the face of professional adversity". The descriptors also suggest that "the orange colour of the moth's forewings are reminiscent of the devastating fires that had become more prevalent in the Amazon in 2019, compared to 2018, based on Dr Galvão and his team's scientific data that cost Dr Galvão his position of Director of the Brazilian National Institute for Space Research in August 2019".

Selected papers

Article

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Rede filia e lança à Câmara Ricardo Galvão, demitido do Inpe por Bolsonaro, em ato com Marina Silva. 2022-03-24. 2022-03-28. pt-br.
  2. Web site: Ricardo Galvão é nomeado diretor do INPE . 21 December 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161222002347/http://www.inpe.br/noticias/noticia.php?Cod_Noticia=4280 . 2016-12-22 . live .
  3. Web site: Com quatro meses de atraso, governo nomeia novo diretor do Inpe. Folha de São Paulo. 21 December 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161221235630/http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/ciencia/2016/09/1815799-com-quatro-meses-de-atraso-governo-nomeia-novo-diretor-do-inpe.shtml. 2016-12-21. live.
  4. Web site: Academia Brasileira de Ciências – Membros . 21 December 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170427024246/http://www.abc.org.br/~rgalvao . 2017-04-27 . dead .
  5. Web site: EPS Member . 21 December 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161221234717/http://www.eps.org/person/12414635/University-of-Sao-Paulo-Ricardo-M.O-Galvao.htm . 2016-12-21 . live .
  6. Web site: Ata da Reunião de Conselho de 25 de outubro de 2013. SBF. 1 August 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20150318052454/http://www.sbfisica.org.br/atas/ata_da_reuniao_conselho_25_out_2013.pdf. 2015-03-18. live.
  7. Web site: TCABR – Laboratório de Física de Plasmas (LFP).
  8. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-49212115 Brazil deforestation row: Space research head Galvão out
  9. Web site: Ricardo Magnus Osorio Galvao . 2019-08-08. https://web.archive.org/web/20190808174415/http://www.inpe.br/institucional/quem_quem/arquivos/cv_diretor_ricardo_magnus_osorio_galvao.pdf. 2019-08-08. live.
  10. News: Ricardo Magnus Osório Galvão: The physicist who would not bend. July 2020. Marcos Pivetta. 293. Fapesp. 2022-05-22.
  11. Web site: Comportamento do governo é "obscurantista e autoritário", diz ex-diretor do Inpe. 2020-05-20. pt-BR. 2019-09-02. Brasil de Fato. Eduardo Bernardes. José.
  12. Web site: Resistência ao negacionismo. 2020. 2022-05-22. pt-br.
  13. Web site: ICTP Prize Winner 1984. 1984. International Centre for Theoretical Physics. https://web.archive.org/web/20181026200747/https://www.ictp.it/about-ictp/prizes-awards/the-ictp-prize/the-prize-winners/ictp-prize-winner-1984.aspx. 2018-10-26.
  14. Web site: Sócios da SBF são admitidos na Ordem Nacional do Mérito Científico. 2009. Sociedade Brasileira de Física. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303165557/http://www.sbfisica.org.br/v1/index.php?option=com_content&id=147. 2016-03-03. pt-br.
  15. Web site: Entrega da Medalha Carneiro Felippe. Agência FAPESP. pt-br. 2015-10-14. https://web.archive.org/web/20190722033339/http://agencia.fapesp.br/entrega-da-medalha-carneiro-felippe/21957/. 2019-07-22.
  16. Web site: Bolsonaro diz que diretor do INPE pode estar "a serviço de alguma ONG". Bolsonaro says INPE director may be "at the service of some NGO". 19 July 2019. O Eco. Bragança. Daniele.
  17. Web site: Bolsonaro acusa Inpe de divulgar dados mentirosos sobre desmatamento. Bolsonaro accuses Inpe of disclosing lying deforestation data. 8 August 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190806004106/https://sustentabilidade.estadao.com.br/noticias/geral,bolsonaro-acusa-inpe-de-divulgar-dados-mentirosos-sobre-desmatamento,70002929326. 6 August 2019. live.
  18. Web site: Bolsonaro critica diretor do Inpe por dados sobre desmatamento que 'prejudicam' nome do Brasil. Bolsonaro criticizes Inpe director for data on deforestation that 'harm' Brazil's name. 8 August 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190720150953/https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/ambiente/2019/07/bolsonaro-critica-diretor-do-inpe-por-dados-sobre-desmatamento-que-prejudicam-nome-do-brasil.shtml. 20 July 2019. live. 19 July 2019.
  19. Web site: "O INPE está abandonado", diz Ricardo Galvão, ex-diretor do Instituto. 2022-07-05. 2022-07-07. “Professor, eu quero lhe dizer uma coisa, eu acabo de sair de uma reunião, eles montaram um grupo, inclusive com pessoas da área de Inteligência do governo, e estão fazendo um levantamento de toda sua vida para saber, pra ver as coisas que você fez de errado, para forçar o senhor a vir para Brasília se demitir. E quero dizer que tanto o seu telefone quanto seu e-mail estão grampeados”.. pt-br.
  20. Web site: Bolsonaro tomou 'atitude pusilânime e covarde', diz diretor do Inpe. Bolsonaro took a 'pusillanimous and cowardly attitude', says Inpe director. 8 August 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190726151732/https://sustentabilidade.estadao.com.br/blogs/ambiente-se/bolsonaro-tomou-atitude-pusilanime-e-covarde-diz-diretor-do-inpe/. 26 July 2019. live.
  21. Web site: Diretor do Inpe rebate fala de Bolsonaro sobre Amazônia: 'Ele precisa entender que não está num botequim'. Inpe director rebates Bolsonaro's talk about Amazon: ‘He needs to understand that he's not in a Botequim’. 8 August 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190722042139/https://jovempan.uol.com.br/noticias/brasil/inpe-rebate-bolsonaro-amazonia.html. 22 July 2019. live. 20 July 2019.
  22. Web site: Bolsonaro tomou 'atitude pusilânime e covarde', dispara diretor do Inpe. Bolsonaro took ‘pusillanimous and cowardly attitude’, shoots Inpe director. 8 August 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190722042430/https://www.brasil247.com/brasil/bolsonaro-tomou-atitude-pusilanime-e-covarde-dispara-diretor-do-inpe. 22 July 2019. live. 20 July 2019.
  23. Web site: Diretor do Inpe nega acusações de Bolsonaro, reafirma dados sobre desmatamento e diz que não deixará cargo. 20 July 2019 . Inpe director denies accusations of Bolsonaro, reaffirms data on deforestation and says he will not leave office. 8 August 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190807200620/https://g1.globo.com/sp/vale-do-paraiba-regiao/noticia/2019/07/20/diretor-do-inpe-nega-acusacoes-de-bolsonaro-reafirma-dados-sobre-desmatamento-e-diz-que-nao-deixara-cargo.ghtml. 7 August 2019. live.
  24. Web site: Conselho da SBPC lança manifesto em defesa do Inpe. SBPC Council launches manifesto in defense of Inpe. Jornal da Ciência, Edição Extraordinária. 20 July 2019. https://archive.today/20190725024015/http://www.jornaldaciencia.org.br/edicoes/?url=http://jcnoticias.jornaldaciencia.org.br/conselho-da-sbpc-lanca-manifesto-em-defesa-do-inpe/. 25 July 2019.
  25. Web site: SBPC defende Inpe de ataque 'ideológico' e 'sem fundamento' de Bolsonaro. SBPC defends Inpe for Bolsonaro's 'ideological' and 'groundless' attack. 8 August 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190722053907/http://www.diretodaciencia.com/2019/07/21/sbpc-defende-inpe-de-ataque-ideologico-e-sem-fundamento-de-bolsonaro/. 22 July 2019. live. 21 July 2019.
  26. Web site: Grupo de cientistas lança manifesto em apoio ao Inpe após Bolsonaro questionar dados de desmatamento na Amazônia. Group of scientists launches manifesto in support of Inpe after Bolsonaro questions deforestation data in the Amazon. G1. 25 July 2019. pt-br. Oliveira. Elida. 21 July 2019 .
  27. Web site: SBF DEPLORA O ATAQUE DO PRESIDENTE DA REPÚBLICA AO PROF. RICARDO GALVÃO, DIRETOR DO INPE E EX-PRESIDENTE DA SBF. SBF DEPlORES THE ATTACK OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC TO PROF. RICARDO GALVÃO, INPE DIRECTOR AND FORMER PRESIDENT OF SBF. https://web.archive.org/web/20190722151552/http://www.sbfisica.org.br/v1/home/index.php/pt/acontece/933-sbf-deplora-o-ataque-do-presidente-da-republica-ao-prof-ricardo-galvao-diretor-do-inpe-e-ex-presidente-da-sbf. 22 July 2019. live.
  28. Web site: ABC publica nota em defesa do INPE e de Ricardo Galvão – ABC. ABC publishes note in defense of INPE and Ricardo Galvão – ABC. 25 July 2019. Academia Brasileira de Ciências.
  29. Web site: Pesquisador sai em defesa do Inpe: 'Metodologia reconhecida internacionalmente'. Researcher defends Inpe: 'Internationally Recognized Methodology'. Época. 21 July 2019. Talento. Aguirre Talento.
  30. Web site: Ex-ministro José Israel Vargas manifesta-se sobre comentários presidenciais – ABC. Former Minister Jose Israel Vargas speaks on presidential comments – ABC. 25 July 2019. 21 July 2019. Academia Brasileira de Ciências.
  31. Web site: Senhor Presidente: a boa ciência sempre prevalece. Mr President: Good science always prevails. Direto da Ciência. 22 July 2019. 26 July 2019.
  32. Web site: A boa ciência sempre prevalece – ABC. Good science always prevails – ABC. 26 July 2019. pt-BR.
  33. Web site: Cientistas rebatem decisões do governo tomadas sem sustentação factual ou científica. Scientists rebut government decisions made without scientific or factual support. ihu.unisinos.br. 26 July 2019. pt-br. Amanda. Bier.
  34. Web site: Moção de apoio a Ricardo Galvão, diretor do Inpe. Motion to support Ricardo Galvão, director of Inpe. Blog do Servidor. 22 July 2019. 26 July 2019. pt-BR. Vera. Batista.
  35. Web site: Pinguelli divulga carta em apoio a diretor do Inpe. Pinguelli publishes letter in support of Inpe director. jb.com.br. 22 July 2019. 26 July 2019. pt-br.
  36. Web site: 'Não volto atrás em nenhuma vírgula no que eu disse', afirma diretor do Inpe. 'I don't go back in any comma in what I said', says director of Inpe. O Globo. 22 July 2019. 26 July 2019. pt-BR.
  37. Web site: Exoneração de Ricardo Galvão do Inpe é publicada. Ricardo Galvão demissal from Inpe is published. 7 August 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190807145523/http://www.atarde.uol.com.br/brasil/noticias/2081410-exoneracao-de-ricardo-galvao-do-inpe-e-publicada. 7 August 2019. live.
  38. Web site: Demissão de chefe do Inpe é 'alarmante', diz diretor de centro da Nasa. Resignation of Inpe's boss is 'alarming', says Nasa's center director. Terra. 2019-08-22. pt-BR.
  39. Web site: Demissão de chefe do Inpe é 'significativamente alarmante', diz diretor da Nasa. Dismissal of Inpe's boss is 'significantly alarming', says Nasa director. epocanegocios.globo.com. 2019-08-22. pt-br.
  40. Web site: Balanços oficiais de desmatamento da Amazônia confirmam dados de sistema de alerta; entenda. Official Amazon deforestation balance sheets confirm alert system data; understand. G1. 18 August 2019 . 2019-08-22. pt-br.
  41. Web site: Nature's 10: Ten people who mattered in science in 2019. www.nature.com. en. 2019-12-17.
  42. Web site: Ricardo Galvão, ex-presidente do Inpe, é escolhido um dos cientistas do ano. noticias.uol.com.br. pt-br. 2019-12-13. https://web.archive.org/web/20191217170658/https://noticias.uol.com.br/meio-ambiente/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2019/12/13/ricardo-galvao-ex-presidente-do-inpe-e-escolhido-um-dos-cientistas-do-ano.htm. 2019-12-17.
  43. Web site: Cohen . Adam D. . Defense of Amazon Deforestation Data Earns 2021 AAAS Scientific Freedom and Responsibility Award . 2021-02-08 . 2021-02-09 . American Association for the Advancement of Science . en . The annual AAAS Scientific Freedom and Responsibility Award honors scientists who have demonstrated scientific freedom and/or responsibility in particularly challenging circumstances, sometimes at risk to their professional or physical safety. When Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro attacked the legitimacy of a report highlighting a dramatic increase in Amazon deforestation, Galvão stood behind the figures, a decision that cost him his job..
  44. Web site: Physicist Honored for Defense of Deforestation Report . 2021-02-10. wwwAAASorg . en . Youtube.
  45. Web site: Com presença de Marina Silva, Rede filia Ricardo Galvão e outras lideranças em evento em São Paulo. 2022-03-27. 2022-05-22. pt-br.
  46. Web site: Ricardo Galvão, ex-diretor do INPE lança sua candidatura a Deputado Federal pela Rede, em São Paulo. 2022-08-19. 2022-09-30. pt-br.
  47. Web site: Ricardo Galvão recebe apoio de Lula em evento com ex-presidenciáveis. 2022-09-19. 2022-11-05. pt-br.
  48. Web site: Ex-reitores de universidades tentam criar bancada da educação e da ciência no Congresso. 2022-07-28. 2022-09-30. pt-br.
  49. Web site: Eleições em São Paulo. G1. 2022-10-03. pt-br.
  50. Web site: Críticos de Bolsonaro, ex-delegado no Amazonas e ex-presidente do Inpe não são eleitos. 2022-10-03. 2022-10-03. pt-br.
  51. Web site: Ex-diretor do Inpe demitido por Bolsonaro integra transição de Lula. 2022-11-16. 2022-11-18.
  52. News: Ricardo Galvão, ex-diretor do Inpe, deve assumir presidência do CNPq. pt-br. Giovana. Girardi. Folha de São Paulo. 2023-01-13. 2023-01-14.
  53. Web site: Ricardo Galvão assume CNPq e diz que ciência 'sobreviveu' a governo 'negacionista' de Bolsonaro. 2023-01-17. 2023-01-18. pt-br.

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