Rho Persei, Latinized from ρ Persei, is a star in the northern constellation of Perseus. It has the traditional name Gorgonea Tertia, being the third member of the quartet called the Gorgonea in reference to the Gorgons from the legend of Perseus. An apparent visual magnitude of +3.39 makes it visible to the naked eye, but a challenge to view from a well-lit urban environment. Based upon parallax measurements, it is located at a distance of roughly 308ly from Earth.
Rho Persei is a semiregular variable star, whose apparent magnitude varies between 3.3 and 4.0 with periods of 50, 120 and 250 days. The star has reached the asymptotic giant branch of its evolution. It is a bright giant star with a stellar classification of M4 II. The outer envelope has an effective temperature of 3,479 K, giving it the red-orange hue of an M-type star.
This star has a mass 1.9 times the mass of the Sun, while its radius has expanded to 143 times solar. It is radiating some 2,700 times the Sun's luminosity. Rho Persei is losing mass at the rate of solar masses per year, or the equivalent of the Sun's mass every 83 million years. It is about 440 million years in age.
In Chinese, Chinese: 大陵 (Chinese: Dà Líng), meaning Mausoleum, refers to an asterism consisting of ρ Persei, 9 Persei, τ Persei, ι Persei, κ Persei, β Persei, 16 Persei and 12 Persei. Consequently, the Chinese name for ρ Persei itself is Chinese: 大陵六 (Chinese: Dà Líng liù, English: the Sixth Star of Mausoleum.).[1]