Rhizoplaca novomexicana is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. Found in North America, the lichen was first formally described as a new species in 1932 by Adolf Hugo Magnusson, as a member of the genus Lecanora. Sergey Kondratyuk proposed a transfer to the genus Protoparmeliopsis in 2012. Steven Leavitt, Xin Zhao, and H. Thorsten Lumbsch transferred it to the genus Rhizoplaca in 2015, when, following molecular phylogenetics analysis, they emended that genus to include three species previously placed in Lecanora.