| Native Name: | Serbian: Устаничка Србија Serbian: Ustanička Srbija |
| Conventional Long Name: | Revolutionary Serbia |
| Common Name: | Serbia |
| Flag: | Flag of Serbia#Revolutionary flags |
| Symbol: | Coat of arms of Serbia |
| Coa Size: | 105px |
| Image Map Caption: | Revolutionary Serbia within Europe, 1812 |
| Status: | Self-proclaimed rebel sovereign state |
| Government Type: | Not specified |
| Year Start: | 1804 |
| Year End: | 1813 |
| Event1: | First Serbian Uprising |
| Date Event1: | 1804–1813 |
| Event2: | Ičko's Peace |
| Date Event2: | July 1806–January 1807 |
| Event3: | Russo-Serbian Alliance |
| Date Event3: | 10 July 1807 |
| Event4: | Restoration of Ottoman rule |
| Date Event4: | October 1813 |
| P1: | Sanjak of Smederevo |
| S1: | Sanjak of Smederevo |
| S2: | Principality of Serbia |
| Official Languages: | Serbian |
| Religion: | Serbian Orthodoxy (official) |
| Demonym: | Serbian, Serb |
| Title Leader: | Grand Vožd |
| Leader1: | Karađorđe |
| Year Leader1: | 1804–1813 |
| Title Deputy: | President of the Governing Council |
| Deputy1: | Matija Nenadović |
| Year Deputy1: | 1805–1807 |
| Deputy2: | Karađorđe |
| Year Deputy2: | 1811–1813 |
| Stat Year1: | 1815[1] |
| Stat Area1: | 24,440 |
| Stat Pop1: | 332,000 |
Revolutionary Serbia (Serbian: Устаничка Србија / Ustanička Srbija), or Karađorđe's Serbia (Serbian: Карађорђева Србија / Karađorđeva Srbija), refers to the state established by the Serbian revolutionaries in Ottoman Serbia (Sanjak of Smederevo) after the start of the First Serbian Uprising against the Ottoman Empire in 1804. The Sublime Porte first officially recognized the state as autonomous in January 1807, however, the Serbian revolutionaries rejected the treaty and continued fighting the Ottomans until 1813. Although the first uprising was crushed, it was followed by the Second Serbian Uprising in 1815, which resulted in the creation of the Principality of Serbia, as it gained semi-independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1817.
See main article: First Serbian Uprising.
See main article: Ičko's Peace. Between July and October 1806 Petar Ičko, an Ottoman dragoman (translator-diplomat) and representative of the Serbian rebels, negotiated a peace treaty known in historiography as "Ičko's Peace". Ičko had been sent to Constantinople twice in the latter half of 1806 to negotiate peace. The Ottomans seemed ready to grant Serbia autonomy following rebel victories in 1805 and 1806, also pressured by the Russian Empire, which had taken Moldavia and Wallachia; they agreed to a sort of autonomy and clearer stipulation of taxes in January 1807, by which time the rebels had already taken Belgrade. The rebels rejected the treaty and sought Russian aid to their independence, while the Ottomans had declared war on Russia in December 1806. A Russo-Serbian alliance treaty was signed on 10 June 1807.
See main article: Russo-Serbian Alliance (1807). On 10 July 1807, the Serbian rebels under Karađorđe signed an alliance with the Russian Empire during the First Serbian Uprising. After the Ottoman Empire had allied itself with Napoleon's France in late 1806, and was subsequently at war with Russia and Britain, it sought to meet the demands of the Serbian rebels. At the same time, the Russians offered the Serbs aid and cooperation. The Serbs chose alliance with the Russians over autonomy under the Ottomans (as set by the "Ičko's Peace"). Karađorđe was to receive arms, and military and medical missions, which proved to be a turning point in the Serbian Revolution.
See main article: Treaty of Bucharest (1812).
Rule was divided between Grand Vožd Karađorđe, the Narodna Skupština (People's Assembly) and the Praviteljstvujušči Sovjet (Governing Council), established in 1805.
The Governing Council was established by recommendation of the Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs Czartoryski and on the proposal of some of the voivodes (Jakov and Matija Nenadović, Milan Obrenović, Sima Marković). The idea of Boža Grujović, the first secretary, and Matija Nenadović, the first president, was that the council would become the government of the new Serbian state. It had to organize and supervise the administration, the economy, army supply, order and peace, judiciary, and foreign policy.
| Date | Members | |
|---|---|---|
| August 1805 | Mladen Milovanović, Avram Lukić, Jovan Protić, Pavle Popović, Velisav Stanojlović, Janko Đurđević, Đurica Stočić, Milisav Ilijić, Ilija Marković, Vasilije Radojičić (Popović, Jović), Milutin Vasić, Jevto Savić-Čotrić, Dositej Obradović and Petar Novaković Čardaklija | |
| End of 1805 | Archpriest Matija Nenadović (president), and members Jakov Nenadović, Janko Katić, Milenko Stojković, Luka Lazarević and Milan Obrenović. | |
| November 1810 | Jakov Nenadović (president), and members Pavle Popović, Velisav Perić, Vasilije Jović (Radojičić), Janko Đurđević, Dositej Obradović, Ilija Marković, and secretaries Stevan Filipović and Mihailo Grujović. |
In 1811, the government system was reorganized, with the formation of ministries (popečiteljstva) instead of nahija-representatives.
| Ministries | Ministers | |
|---|---|---|
| President | Karađorđe (s. –1813) | |
| International Affairs | Milenko Stojković (s. 1811); Miljko Radonić (s. 1811–12) | |
| Education | Dositej Obradović (s. 1811); Ivan Jugović (s. 1811–12) | |
| Military | Mladen Milovanović (s. 1811–13) | |
| Internal Affairs | Jakov Nenadović (s. 1811–13) | |
| Law | Petar Dobrnjac (s. 1811); Ilija Marković (s. 1811–13) | |
| Finance | Sima Marković (s. 1811–13) | |
| Secretaries | Mihailo Grujović (1st) and Stevan Filipović (2nd) |