, colloquially known as, is a serialized, 15 minutes per episode,[1] Japanese television drama program series broadcast in the mornings by Japanese public broadcaster NHK. The first such series aired in 1961 with the black-and-white, starring Takeshi Kitazawa which aired in Japan Monday through Friday mornings—it was also the only of such series to be aired for 20 minutes per episode.[1] From 1975 onward, series aired in the first half of the year are produced by the NHK Tokyo Broadcasting station and series in the latter half of the year are produced by the NHK Osaka Broadcasting station; the Osaka branch's first asadora production was in 1964.
Due to the practice of wiping commonly in practice around the world in the 1960s and 1970s, not all episodes of all pre-1980 asadora series survive, as the 2-inch Quad videotapes were often wiped and reused; 16 of the produced asadora series in total are incomplete in the NHK archives, with several series having no surviving episodes at all. Several late 1970s series are complete in the archive as the result of off-air home video recordings donated by viewers; all series from (1979) onward are retained in full in their original formats.
Asadora currently airs in Japan Monday through Saturday mornings on NHK General TV from 8:00 to 8:15, with a rebroadcast the same day from 12:45 to 13:00. Starting with (2020), the timeslot changed to Monday through Friday mornings, with the omnibus airings on Saturday. The asadora have become some of the most popular shows on Japanese television, with series such as Oshin, earning an overall 52.6-percent ratings for the series.[1]
Virtually all of the storylines center on the life of a female heroine who faces challenges while working to achieve her dreams. The heroine is chosen by NHK through an audition that involves interviews with several thousand applicants. The winning actress not only stars in an asadora, but also becomes a spokeswoman for NHK, and is usually involved in NHK-sponsored events—including the annual Kōhaku Uta Gassen New Year's Eve event. Often, the asadora serves as a springboard for the actress to other opportunities within the Japanese entertainment industry.
The current series is Tora ni Tsubasa (2024).
| Shōwa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Title | First aired | Last aired | Notes | |
| 1 | 3 April 1961 | 30 March 1962 | Starring Takeshi Kitazawa in a story of a father taking care of his step-daughter, born between his now-deceased wife and a Frenchman. The only Asadora until 2020 to be broadcast in only five 15-minute episodes per week Monday through Friday. Three episodes are retained in the NHK archives. | |
| 2 | 2 April 1962 | 30 March 1963 | Starring Fumiko Watanabe in a drama of a poor family after the war. The first Asadora to be broadcast in 15-minute episodes Monday through Saturday. Only the final episode currently survives in the NHK archives. | |
| 3 | 1 April 1963 | 4 April 1964 | Starring Shin Saburi as a professor who quits the university to become a painter. Two episodes currently survive in the NHK archives. | |
| 4 | 6 April 1964 | 3 April 1965 | Starring Michiko Hayashi as a woman born in poverty who lives a brave life. Based on a novel by Fumiko Hayashi. Two episodes currently survive in the NHK archives. | |
| 5 | 5 April 1965 | 2 April 1966 | Starring Chishū Ryū as an old man who begins to travel after he retires. From a story written for television by Yasunari Kawabata. All episodes are missing from the NHK archives. | |
| 6 | 4 April 1966 | 1 April 1967 | Starring Fumie Kashiyama as a woman, born in the Meiji era, who raises a family by herself. Nine episodes of the original broadcast version are retained in the NHK archives, but an alternate version which edited the original 15-minute episodes into hour-long omnibus format is fully intact, with all 48 episodes extant; this version was later re-edited into 15-minute episodes in 1993 for a special repeat broadcast. | |
| 7 | 3 April 1967 | 30 March 1968 | Starring Tadashi Yokouchi in a narrative about an employee of the national railroad living through 50 years of modern history with his wife. Three episodes of the original broadcast version survive in the NHK archives, but as with Ohanahan, a re-edited omnibus version also exists in full, though it has never been rebroadcast. | |
| 8 | 1 April 1968 | 5 April 1969 | Starring Yumiko Fujita in a family drama. The first asadora to be broadcast in color. All episodes save for #315 (the finale) are missing from the NHK archives. | |
| 9 | 7 April 1969 | 4 April 1970 | Starring Naoko Otani as a young woman living with her grandmother. All episodes are missing from the NHK archives. | |
| 10 | 6 April 1970 | 3 April 1971 | Starring Yōko Minamida as a woman who supported her family during and after World War II. All episodes are missing from the NHK archives, though a brief clip does survive as part of a contemporary news segment documenting the drama's production. | |
| 11 | 5 April 1971 | 1 April 1972 | Starring Karin Yamaguchi. Second highest rated Asadora with an average rating of 47.4%.[2] All episodes are missing from the NHK archives, though portions of episodes 24 and 125 have been recovered from off-air U-matic and Betamax recordings.[3] [4] | |
| 12 | 3 April 1972 | 31 March 1973 | Starring Hiroko Maki. Screenplay by Taiichi Yamada. Third highest rated Asadora at 47.3%. The first episode and part of the final episode are retained in the NHK archives. | |
| 13 | 2 April 1973 | 30 March 1974 | Starring Yōko Takahashi in a story about a brother and sister coming of age in Hakodate and Kanazawa. Six episodes survive in the NHK archives. | |
| 14 | 1 April 1974 | 5 April 1975 | Starring Mihoko Fujita as a woman who lost her memory after experiencing the atomic bombing of Hiroshima. The first and last episodes survive in their original broadcast format, while 38 additional episodes have been recovered from off-air recordings. | |
| 15 | 7 April 1975 | 4 October 1975 | Starring Shinobu Otake in a story about a young woman striving to become a doctor and her mother, who is a nurse. The first asadora to run for a six-month period. Average rating of 40.1%. The first and last episodes survive in their original broadcast format, while 9 additional episodes have been recovered from off-air recordings. | |
| 16 | 6 October 1975 | 3 April 1976 | Starring Yoko Akino in a contemporary story about a woman office worker. Four episodes survive in their original broadcast format, with additional episodes having been recovered from off-air recordings. | |
| 17 | 5 April 1976 | 2 October 1976 | Starring Yōko Asaji as a woman who wants to become a pilot. The earliest asadora to have all originally broadcast episodes retained in full in the NHK archives. | |
| 18 | 4 October 1976 | 2 April 1977 | Starring Keiko Suzuka about a woman who strives to become a landscape gardener. Eight episodes survive in the NHK archives. | |
| 19 | 4 April 1977 | 1 October 1977 | A dramatization of the life of the singer Chiyako Sato. Michiko Godai replaced Haruna Takase in the lead two months into the series when Takase became ill. All episodes survive in the NHK archives, but only the first and last in their original broadcast format; all others were recovered from off-air recordings. | |
| 20 | 3 October 1977 | 1 April 1978 | Starring Harumi Arai as a woman who marries a German and starts a bakery in Kobe. All episodes survive in the NHK archives, recovered from off-air recordings. | |
| 21 | 3 April 1978 | 30 September 1978 | Starring Chikako Yuri in a dramatization of the life of Sadako Sawamura. Ten episodes survive in the NHK archives. | |
| 22 | 2 October 1978 | 31 March 1979 | Starring Tomoko Aihara. About a woman raising war orphans. Three episodes survive in the NHK archives. The most recent asadora to have missing episodes; all subsequent series survive in full. | |
| 23 | 2 April 1979 | 29 September 1979 | Based on autobiographical stories penned by manga artist Machiko Hasegawa and featuring her older sister. Starring Mami Kumagai and Yūko Tanaka. | |
| 24 | 1 October 1979 | 5 April 1980 | Starring Senri Yamazaki as a woman who makes her life at a fishing port. | |
| 25 | 7 April 1980 | 4 October 1980 | Starring Tomoko Hoshino as a woman who strives to become a photographer. | |
| 26 | 6 October 1980 | 4 April 1981 | Starring Misako Konno as a woman from Hagi, Yamaguchi, who joins the Takarazuka Revue. | |
| 27 | 6 April 1981 | 3 October 1981 | A rare asadora that is wholly set in contemporary Japan. | |
| 28 | 5 October 1981 | 3 April 1982 | Starring Hideko Hara as a woman who becomes a radio announcer and then a writer. | |
| 29 | 5 April 1982 | 2 October 1982 | Starring Satomi Tezuka as a woman who starts a hotel in the Meiji era. | |
| 30 | 4 October 1982 | 2 April 1983 | Starring Kumiko Fujiyoshi as a woman who suffers family hardships before achieving success as a marathon runner. | |
| 31 | 4 April 1983 | 31 March 1984 | Starring Ayako Kobayashi, Yūko Tanaka, and Nobuko Otowa – Oshin's perseverance pulls her through various challenges during her life. The first asadora to be broadcast outside of Japan, and also the most internationally successful, having aired in 73 countries.[5] The episode aired on 12 November 1983 is the highest-rated in Japanese television drama history, garnering a 62.9 percent viewer share.[6] | |
| 32 | 2 April 1984 | 29 September 1984 | Starring Takaaki Enoki as a young man who becomes a film director. The first Asadora with a male lead since 1967. | |
| 33 | 1 October 1984 | 30 March 1985 | Starring Eisaku Shindō as a man who loves manzai. Average rating of 40.2%. | |
| 34 | 1 April 1985 | 5 October 1985 | Starring Yasuko Sawaguchi. Average rating of 44.3%. | |
| 35 | 7 October 1985 | 5 April 1986 | Starring Shin'ichirō Okano. About a man who enters the world of popular theatre. | |
| 36 | 7 April 1986 | 4 October 1986 | Starring Yuki Saito. Average rating of 41.7%. | |
| 37 | 6 October 1986 | 4 April 1987 | Starring Miyuki Kanō. A woman from Kyoto moves to Nara and runs a ryokan and then enters the fashion industry. | |
| 38 | 6 April 1987 | 3 October 1987 | Starring Hiro Komura. Based on the autobiography of Tetsuko Kuroyanagi's mother. | |
| 39 | 5 October 1987 | 2 April 1988 | Starring Mayumi Wakamura. About a woman from Tokyo who goes to teach at an all-boys school. | |
| 40 | 4 April 1988 | 1 October 1988 | Starring Tomoko Fujita. About a woman who struggles to survive after World War II and starts a magazine. Average rating of 39.1%. | |
| 41 | 3 October 1988 | 1 April 1989 | Starring Tomoko Yamaguchi in her acting debut. Average rating of 38.6%. | |
| Heisei | ||||
| 42 | 3 April 1989 | 30 September 1989 | Stars Misa Shimizu and Ayumi Ishida. Average rating of 37.8%. | |
| 43 | 2 October 1989 | 31 March 1990 | About a female volleyball player who helps out the local community. Starring Azusa Watanabe. | |
| 44 | 2 April 1990 | 29 September 1990 | About a man who developed an early television system. Starring Minoru Tanaka. | |
| 45 | 1 October 1990 | 30 March 1991 | Set in an old Kyoto tsukemono store, this series depicted the conflicts between a woman, her daughter and her father-in-law. | |
| 46 | 1 April 1991 | 4 April 1992 | The first year-long series since Oshin. Starred Kyōka Suzuki, but ended up being the first Asadora with an average rating under 30%. | |
| 47 | 6 April 1992 | 3 October 1992 | Chronicles the conflicts between a woman and her step-daughter in a hot springs town. Starring Pinko Izumi and Sachiko Sakurai. | |
| 48 | 5 October 1992 | 3 April 1993 | Starring Hikari Ishida. Screenplay by Makiko Uchidate, who is a member of the Japan Sumo Association, and is involved in sumo matters, such as advancing rikishi to the rank of Yokozuna. The storyline evolves around sumo – as the heroine become a nutritionist and works within the sumo system. Average rating of 36.9%. | |
| 49 | 5 April 1993 | 2 October 1993 | A woman works hard to become a good doctor even though she is separated from her husband. Starring Naho Toda. | |
| 50 | 4 October 1993 | 2 April 1994 | A young woman, whose family runs an old miso company in Nagano Prefecture, lives through the hardships of postwar Japan. Starring Naomi Hosokawa. Last Asadora to top 30% in ratings. | |
| 51 | 4 April 1994 | 1 October 1994 | About the youngest of four sisters, all raised solely by their father, who wants to write children's books. Starring Risa Junna. | |
| 52 | 3 October 1994 | 30 September 1995 | A successful screenwriter looks back on her life when she learns her husband has cancer. A year-long series, starring Narumi Yasuda. | |
| 53 | 2 October 1995 | 30 March 1996 | Set in Hakata, the series is about a young man who wants to play rock music even though his father expects him to follow him in making Hakata ningyō. One of the few Asadora starring a male character. | |
| 54 | 1 April 1996 | 5 October 1996 | About a woman, played by Nanako Matsushima, striving to become a lawyer. | |
| 55 | 7 October 1996 | 5 April 1997 | About a female professional shogi player and her twin sister. Starring Hiromi Iwasaki and Maiko Kikuchi, with Kana Mikura and Mana Mikura (ManaKana) playing them as children. Average rating of 29.0% | |
| 56 | 7 April 1997 | 4 October 1997 | Based on the life of the beauty stylist Aguri Yoshiyuki, who married the novelist Eisuke Yoshiyuki and became the mother of the novelist Junnosuke Yoshiyuki and the actress Kazuko Yoshiyuki. Starring Misato Tanaka and Mansai Nomura. | |
| 57 | 6 October 1997 | 4 April 1998 | About a young woman who hopes to become a sake brewer. Starring Yumiko Sato. | |
| 58 | 6 April 1998 | 3 October 1998 | About a young woman training to be a carpenter who, through her own family situation, learns about the need for a barrier-free world. Starring Risa Sudo. | |
| 59 | 5 October 1998 | 3 April 1999 | About a young woman in Osaka who helps resurrect a shipbuilding company. Starring Miho Konishi. | |
| 60 | 5 April 1999 | 2 October 1999 | Follows the life of a woman, raised in a coal town in Hokkaido by a father who worked on the railroad, from the 1920s to the 1930s. Starring Nagiko Tōno and Chieko Baisho. | |
| 61 | 4 October 1999 | 1 April 2000 | Asuka learns to become a wagashi maker, even though wagashi is a heavily male-dominated field. Starring Yūko Takeuchi. | |
| 62 | 3 April 2000 | 30 September 2000 | About a young woman whose fiancé leaves her, pregnant, at the altar. With her son, she leaves for Tsukiji to make it on her own. Starring Tomoko Tabata. | |
| 63 | 2 October 2000 | 31 March 2001 | About a young woman involved in the Japanese film industry in Kyoto. Starring Aya Okamoto. | |
| 64 | 2 April 2001 | 29 September 2001 | The first Asadora set in Okinawa. Starring Ryōko Kuninaka. | |
| 65 | 1 October 2001 | 30 March 2002 | About a young woman striving to become a chef in Wakayama Prefecture. Starring Chizuru Ikewaki. | |
| 66 | 1 April 2002 | 28 September 2002 | Sakura Matsushita is a third-generation Japanese-American, living in Honolulu, Hawaii. Her dream is to become an ALT teacher in Japan, and moves there to achieve her dream. First asadora to be recorded in HD. | |
| 67 | 30 September 2002 | 29 March 2003 | Starring Mao Miyaji. About a woman who studies to be a meteorologist. | |
| 68 | 31 March 2003 | 27 September 2003 | Starring Noriko Nakagoshi. Set in Asakusa, Tokyo. | |
| 69 | 29 September 2003 | 27 March 2004 | Starring Satomi Ishihara and based on a novel by Rei Nakanishi. First Asadora to average under 20% in ratings. | |
| 70 | 29 March 2004 | 25 September 2004 | Starring Ema Fujisawa as a young woman from Sendai, Miyagi | |
| 71 | 27 September 2004 | 26 March 2005 | Starring Natsuki Harada as a young woman who becomes a landscaper | |
| 72 | 28 March 2005 | 1 October 2005 | Yuika Motokariya stars as 15-year-old Kido Yū, living with her family in Takasaki, Gunma Prefecture. Yū faces tough times, and relies on the friendship of a horse to keep her spirits up. | |
| 73 | 3 October 2005 | 1 April 2006 | Starring Eri Murakawa. Takes place in Yufuin, Ōita Prefecture. Haruka's goal is to become a travel agent, and moves to Osaka, leaving her father and sister behind, to achieve her dream. | |
| 74 | 3 April 2006 | 30 September 2006 | Starring Aoi Miyazaki. Sakurako's dream is to become a jazz pianist. Events take place in Okazaki, Aichi Prefecture. | |
| 75 | 2 October 2006 | 31 March 2007 | Based on a true story, Naomi Fujiyama plays the heroine role of Machiko Hanaoka – a 37-year-old woman who dreams of becoming a novelist. She marries into an extended family. Events take place in the city of Osaka. | |
| 76 | [7] [8] | 2 April 2007 | 29 September 2007 | Stars Manami Higa. Screenplay by Eriko Komatsu. Natsumi marries an heir of a high class ryokan, located in Morioka, Iwate Prefecture. She then becomes the ryokan's okami or manager. |
| 77 | 1 October 2007 | 29 March 2008 | Starring Shihori Kanjiya. The storyline focuses on the art of rakugo. Kiyomi's dream is to become a rakugoka, despite rakugo being a male-dominated field. | |
| 78 | 31 March 2008 | 27 September 2008 | Starring Nana Eikura. Hitomi's dream is to become a dancer of modern music. | |
| 79 | 29 September 2008 | 28 March 2009 | Starring identical twins Mana and Kana Mikura (of Futarikko fame). Finding each other years after being separated as children, they work together to achieve their dreams as singers. | |
| 80 | 30 March 2009 | 26 September 2009 | Starring Mikako Tabe as Tsubasa who works at a local radio station, and eventually becomes a disc jockey. | |
| 81 | 28 September 2009 | 27 March 2010 | Starring Kana Kurashina. About a girl from Minami-cho, Tokushima who, inspired by seeing a sea turtle when she was six, strives to become a magazine editor. Lowest rated Asadora at 13.5%. | |
| 82 | 29 March 2010 | 25 September 2010 | Starring Nao Matsushita. Fumie is the wife of manga artist Shigeru Mizuki. The screen play is based on her rags to riches biography. | |
| 83 | 27 September 2010 | 2 April 2011 | Starring Miori Takimoto and Sumiko Fuji. Akari's natural mother is originally from Osaka. She moves to Osaka to live with her grandmother to learn more about her mother. She learns that her grandmother closed the okonomiyaki restaurant after Akari's teenage mother ran away. Akari then re-opens the restaurant. | |
| 84 | 4 April 2011 | 1 October 2011 | Starring Mao Inoue. The title refers to the sun, and thus also relates to the heroine Yoko, whose name means "child of the sun". Yoko's dream is to become a school teacher, but she also experiences tough times during the Pacific War. | |
| 85 | 3 October 2011 | 31 March 2012 | Starring Machiko Ono. Based on the life of fashion designer Ayako Koshino. Her three daughters would eventually all become fashion designers. | |
| 86 | 2 April 2012 | 29 September 2012 | Starring Maki Horikita, who plays a young woman striving to become a physician in post-World War II Tokyo. | |
| 87 | 1 October 2012 | 30 March 2013 | Starring Natsuna as a young woman who wants to start her ideal hotel. Set in Osaka and Miyakojima. | |
| 88 | 1 April 2013 | 28 September 2013 | Starring Rena Nōnen as a young woman who becomes an ama and then an idol before returning to Tohoku to help revive the area after the earthquake. | |
| 89 | 30 September 2013 | 29 March 2014 | Starring Anne Watanabe as a young woman trying to learn how to cook Japanese cuisine during the Taisho and Shōwa periods. | |
| 90 | 31 March 2014 | 27 September 2014 | Starring Yuriko Yoshitaka as Hanako Muraoka, the woman who first translated Anne of Green Gables into Japanese.[9] | |
| 91 | 29 September 2014 | 28 March 2015 | Starring Charlotte Kate Fox as Ellie Kameyama, wife of Masaharu Kameyama, portrayed by Tetsuji Tamayama, a man who starts whisky brewing in Japan. It is based on the life of Rita Taketsuru, a Scotswoman who married the Japanese man Masataka Taketsuru, the father of Japan's whisky industry. The title comes from Rita's nickname for Masataka.[10] [11] [12] | |
| 92 | 30 March 2015 | 26 September 2015 | Starring Tao Tsuchiya as a young woman from the Noto Peninsula who wants to become a pâtissière.[13] | |
| 93 | 28 September 2015 | 2 April 2016 | Starring Haru as Asa Imai.[14] Based on the life of Asako Hirooka, a pioneering Japanese businesswoman. | |
| 94 | 4 April 2016 | 1 October 2016 | Starring Mitsuki Takahata as Tsuneko Kohashi, a woman who starts a successful consumer advice magazine. | |
| 95 | 3 October 2016 | 1 April 2017 | Starring Kyoko Yoshine as Sumire, a brave woman who starts a company makes clothing for children. Based on the lives of Atsuko Banno, founder of Familiar. | |
| 96 | 3 April 2017 | 30 September 2017 | Starring Kasumi Arimura as Mineko Yatabe, a young woman who travels from rural Ibaraki Prefecture to Tokyo in the mid-1960s to find her lost father. | |
| 97 | 2 October 2017 | 31 March 2018 | Starring Wakana Aoi as Ten Fujioka. Based on the lives of the founders of Yoshimoto Kogyo. | |
| 98 | 2 April 2018 | 29 September 2018 | Starring Mei Nagano as Suzume Nireno. About a woman who lost hearing in one ear who, after failing as a mangaka, becomes an inventor. | |
| 99 | 1 October 2018 | 30 March 2019 | Starring Sakura Ando as Fukuko Imai. Based on the lives of Momofuku Andō, who invented instant ramen, and his wife Masako.[15] | |
| Reiwa | ||||
| 100 | 1 April 2019 | 28 September 2019 | Starring Suzu Hirose as Natsu Okuhara, an orphan raised in Hokkaido who wants to become an animator. | |
| 101 | 30 September 2019 | 28 March 2020 | Starring Erika Toda as Kimiko Kawahara, who aims to become a ceramic artist. | |
| 102 | 30 March 2020 | 27 November 2020 | Starring Masataka Kubota as Yūichi Koyama. Based on the life of composer Yūji Koseki. The first asadora to be recorded in 4K, and the first since Musume to Watashi to be broadcast in only five 15-minute episodes per week Monday through Friday, with omnibus airings on Saturday mornings instead of a fresh episode. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the series was forced to suspend production, and no new episodes were aired from 29 June to 11 September 2020; completed episodes were rerun during this time. The production delay also made it the first asadora to conclude broadcast outside the usual March–April or September–October cycles. | |
| 103 | 30 November 2020 | 14 May 2021 | Starring Hana Sugisaki as Chiyo Takei. Based on the life of Chieko Naniwa. The suspension of production due to the COVID-19 pandemic delayed the conclusion of its predecessor, making it the first asadora to start airing on a day outside the usual March–April or September–October cycles. | |
| 104 | 17 May 2021 | 29 October 2021 | Starring Kaya Kiyohara as Momone Nagaura, who dreams to be a meteorologist. | |
| 105 | 1 November 2021 | 8 April 2022 | Starring Mone Kamishiraishi, Eri Fukatsu, and Rina Kawaei. The story is about 100 years-old family, three generations, grandmother, mother, and daughter who walked with a radio English course during the Showa, Heisei, and Reiwa eras. This is the first time in the history of a serial television novel that three actresses play the three main characters as different heroines. The heroine baton will be passed down to the next generation in a relay system. | |
| 106 | 11 April 2022 | 30 September 2022 | Starring Yuina Kuroshima as Nobuko Higa, who dreams to be a chef. | |
| 107 | 3 October 2022 | 31 March 2023 | Starring Haruka Fukuhara as Mai Iwakura, who dreams to be a pilot. | |
| 108 | 3 April 2023 | 29 September 2023 | Starring Ryūnosuke Kamiki as Mantarō Makino, who dreams to be a botanist. It is loosely based on the life of botanist Tomitaro Makino. | |
| 109 | 2 October 2023 | 29 March 2024 | Starring Shuri as Suzuko Hanada, who dreams to be a singer. It is loosely based on the life of Shizuko Kasagi. | |
| 110 | 1 April 2024 | Fall 2024 (tentative) | Starring Sairi Ito as Tomoko Inotsume, who dreams to be a lawyer. It is loosely based on the life of Yoshiko Mibuchi. | |
| 111 | Fall 2024 (tentative) | Spring 2025 (tentative) | Starring Kanna Hashimoto as Yui Yoneda, who dreams to be a dietitian. | |
| 112 | Spring 2025 (tentative) | Fall 2025 (tentative) | Starring Mio Imada as Nobu Asada. It is loosely based on the life of Nobu Komatsu, the wife of Takashi Yanase, the creator of Anpanman. | |
| 113 | Fall 2025 (tentative) | Spring 2026 (tentative) | It is loosely based on the life of Setsu Koizumi, the wife of Yakumo Koizumi (Lafcadio Hearn), a Greek-Irish writer. | |