| Renato Archer | |
| Office1: | Minister of Science and Technology |
| Term Start1: | 15 March 1985 |
| Term End1: | 22 October 1987 |
| Predecessor1: | — |
| Successor1: | Luiz Henrique |
| Office2: | Minister of Social Security |
| Term Start2: | 27 October 1987 |
| Term End2: | 28 July 1988 |
| Predecessor2: | Raphael Magalhães |
| Successor2: | Jader Barbalho |
| Birth Date: | 10 July 1922 |
| Birth Place: | São Luís, Brazil |
| Death Place: | São Paulo, Brazil |
| Party: | PSDB |
| Profession: | Naval officer |
| Occupation: | Politician |
Renato Bayma Archer da Silva (10 July 1922 – 20 June 1996) was a Brazilian naval officer and politician. The Centro de Pesquisas Renato Archer (CenPRA), a federal R&D center located in Campinas, state of São Paulo, is named in his honour.
As a politician, he served as a vice-governor and federal representative to the state of Maranhão. He was known for his strong defense of the Brazilian nuclear power program. He served also as minister of science and technology during José Sarney's government.