René Semelaigne (12 December 1855 - 16 November 1934) was a French psychiatrist and biographer born in Neuilly-sur-Seine. He was the son of psychiatrist Armand Semelaigne (1820 - 1898) and a great-nephew of Philippe Pinel (1745-1826).
As a psychiatrist, he served as director of the Maison de santé de la Folie Saint-James à Neuilly.[1] He is remembered for his historical studies of psychiatry, being the author of three well-regarded works: