 Circuit de Reims-Gueux | |
| Location: | Gueux, France |
| Coordinates: | 49.2541°N 3.9306°W |
| Events: | Formula One French Grand Prix (1950–1951, 1953–1954, 1956, 1958–1961, 1963, 1966) Grand Prix motorcycle racing French motorcycle Grand Prix (1954–1955) Grand Prix de la Marne (1925–1931, 1933–1937, 1952) 12 Hours of Reims (1926, 1953–1954, 1956–1958, 1964–1965, 1967) |
| Opened: | 1926 |
| Closed: | 1972 |
| Layout1: | Grand Prix Circuit (1954–1972) |
| Length Km: | 8.302 |
| Length Mi: | 5.159 |
| Turns: | 7 |
| Record Time: | 2:10.500 |
| Record Driver: |  Paul Hawkins |
| Record Car: | Lola T70 |
| Record Year: | 1967 |
| Record Class: | Group 4 |
| Layout2: | Grand Prix Circuit (1953) |
| Length Km2: | 8.372 |
| Length Mi2: | 5.202 |
| Turns2: | 7 |
| Record Time2: | 2:41.000 |
| Record Driver2: |  Juan Manuel Fangio |
| Record Car2: | Maserati A6GCM |
| Record Year2: | 1953 |
| Record Class2: | F1 |
| Layout3: | Grand Prix Circuit (1952) |
| Length Km3: | 7.152 |
| Length Mi3: | 4.444 |
| Turns3: | 5 |
| Record Time3: | 2:28.700 |
| Record Driver3: | Jean Behra |
| Record Car3: | Gordini T16 |
| Record Year3: | 1952 |
| Record Class3: | F2 |
| Layout4: | Original Circuit (1926–1951) |
| Length Km4: | 7.826 |
| Length Mi4: | 4.863 |
| Turns4: | 8 |
| Record Time4: | 2:27.800 |
| Record Driver4: | Juan Manuel Fangio |
| Record Car4: | Alfa Romeo 159 |
| Record Year4: | 1951 |
| Record Class4: | F1 |
The circuit Reims-Gueux was a motor racing circuit made up of rural public roads, located in Gueux, 8 km (5 miles) west of Reims in the Champagne region of north-eastern France, established in 1926 as the second venue of the Grand Prix de la Marne.[1] [2] The triangular layout of public roads formed three sectors between the villages of Thillois and Gueux over the La Garenne / Gueux intersection of Route nationale 31. The circuit became known to be among the fastest of the era for its two long straights (approximately 2.2 km; 1¼ miles in length each) allowing maximum straight-line speed, resulting in many famous slipstream battles.
Motor racing at Reims started in 1926 with the second Grand Prix de la Marne, relocating the race from the square-shaped Circuit de Beine-Nauroy east of Reims to Reims-Gueux, west of Reims. The original circuit placed the start/finish line on road D27, approximately east of the Gueux village center, where it would remain for the duration of the circuit. This variant of the circuit was made up entirely of long straights, flat out kinks, 2 tight angular corners and a sharp hairpin, which made it very hard on engines, brakes and fuel consumption. Gradual improvements in track width to a few sections including the Garenne-Gueux / Thillois corners prior to the 1932 Grand Prix de France contributed to a new published circuit length of after which the circuit remained essentially the same until 1937.[3] [4]
Organizational changes prior to the 1938 GP de France saw extensive widening of the Thillois-Gueux straight. The process was reported to have felled trees and demolished structures to make the circuit yet faster, concluding the Grand Prix era with the 1938-1939 championship editions of the French Grand Prix.[5]
Racing at Reims-Gueux resumed in 1947 with the 16th Grand Prix de Reims, effectively ending the Grand Prix de la Marne series except for a last edition in 1952. 1948 and 1949 saw the first Formula 1 cars at Reims-Gueux for two non-championship rounds. By then temporary grandstands were established fixtures at the Gueux / La Garenne and Thillois corners and after hosting the sixth round of the inaugural 1950 World Drivers' Championship, it became clear that the circuit needed further extensive renovations to comply with the accelerating Formula 1 technology.
For 1952, the track was re-configured to bypass Gueux via the (then) new D26 section, shortening the circuit from to after which it was renamed "Circuit de Reims" or commonly referred to simply as "Reims". Improvements continued in preparations for 1953, the inaugural year of the 12 Hours of Reims series, which featured a new D26 track extension from the Virage de la Hovette (Annie Bousquet corner) to a new purpose built intersection with the La Garenne straight (Muizon corner) about west of the previous Gueux / La Garenne junction, resulting in a new preliminary circuit length of . The last major modifications were before the 1954 season, re-profiling the new Muizon corner from the previous year and the Thillois corner to a larger and faster radius, which established again a shorter and final circuit length of . This public road circuit had previously been made up entirely of straights with a few slight and very fast kinks and slow corners; with the addition of these 3 fast sweepers and the extension of the main straight, this circuit, which was already very fast- was now even faster than it had been before, by about 4-5 mph per lap.
The last year for Formula One at Reims came in 1966, final sports car competitions were held in 1969 and Motorcycle racing continued for another 3 years. In 1972, Reims-Gueux closed permanently due to financial difficulties. There was to be a historic race held in 1997 but it was cancelled for technical reasons several months before it was due to take place and by 2002, the bulldozers arrived to demolish some portions of the track. A few sections of the old circuit are still visible today around the pit lane, at the D26 / D27 round-about and a part of the D26 extension at the Hovette corner to what once was the 1953 Muizon hair-pin (visible on current sat. images).
Today, the old RN31 straight between Muizon and Thillois is a wider dual carriageway, although it does follow the same line as the original two-lane road of the former circuit. It is still possible to drive a lap around the (more or less) original 1926 version (through the center of Gueux) and the 1952 variant of the circuit, except for the old Garenne -junction which was demolished as part of the RN31 modernization. It is no longer possible to complete a lap of the circuit used from 1953 onwards as the tarmac between Bretelle Nord and Muizon has been removed. Les Amis du Circuit de Gueux (a non-profit organization) is working to preserve the old pit building, grandstands and other remaining structures of the circuit and actively support historic meetings which use the 1952 Circuit d'Essais.
The official race lap records at the Reims-Gueux are listed as:
| Category | Time | Driver | Vehicle | Event |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grand Prix Circuit: 8.302 km (1954–1972) | ||||
| 2:10.500[6] | 1967 12 Hours of Reims | |||
| 2:11.300 | 1966 French Grand Prix | |||
| 2:12.600[7] | 1969 Reims Grand Prix | |||
| 2:25.500[8] | 1963 Trophee P-GT-Sport | |||
| 2:37.600[9] | 1962 Coupe de Juniors | |||
| 2:37.700[10] | 1969 Reims French F3 round | |||
| 2:39.000 | 1955 French motorcycle Grand Prix | |||
| 3:02.000 | 1955 French motorcycle Grand Prix | |||
| 3:16.800 | 1955 French motorcycle Grand Prix | |||
| Grand Prix Circuit: 8.372 km (1953) | ||||
| 2:41.000 | 1953 French Grand Prix | |||
| Grand Prix Circuit: 7.152 km (1952) | ||||
| 2:28.700[11] | 1952 Marne Grand Prix | |||
| 2:35.500[12] | 1952 Reims Grand Prix | |||
| Grand Prix Circuit: 7.826 km (1926–1951) | ||||
| 2:27.800 | 1951 French Grand Prix | |||
| 2:32.200 | 1939 French Grand Prix | |||
| 2:53.600[13] | 1950 Coupe des Petites Cylindrees | |||
| 3:07.400[14] | 1937 Marne Grand Prix | |||
| Race Names Grand Prix de la Marne Coupe d’Or (1° 12 Heures de Reims) Grand Prix de France (GP de l'ACF) Grand Prix de la Marne de Tourisme Coupe de la Commission Sportive de l'ACF Grand Prix de Reims Coupe des Petites Cylindrées Coupe des Racers 500 European Grand Prix (honorary) (E) 12 Heures Internationales de Reims Coupe Internationale de Vitesse Coupe de Juniors Trophée International Prototypes Grand Tourisme et Sport Les Grands Prix France Les Trophées de France | < | --spacer-column--> | Editions 13 1 16 1 1 3 4 1 3 8 9 4 1 3 3 | < | --spacer-column--> | First Year 1926 1926 1932 1935 1939 1947 1947 1950 1951 1953 1957 1960 1963 1964 1967 | < | --spacer-column--> | Last Year 1952 - 1966 - - 1962 1950 - 1966 1967 1969 1963 - 1966 1969 | < | --spacer-column--> | Regulations FL - GP - VT - SC FL - SC GP - F1 - F2 SC VT GP - F1 F2 F3 F1 SC F2 - F3 FJ SC F2 F2 |
|---|
Legend
| Formula Libre = FL - Grand Prix = GP - Voiturette = VT - Formula 1 = F1 - Formula 2 = F2 | |
| Formula 3 = F3 - Formula Junior = FJ - Sports car = SC | |
| Coupe des P. C. = Petites Cylindrées, Trophée P-GT-Sport = Prototypes - Grand Tourisme |
| French Grand Prix - GP championship rounds | |
| French Grand Prix - F1 non-championship rounds | |
| French Grand Prix - F1 championship rounds |
| Year | Date | Event | Drivers | Team | Constructor / Car | Group | Laps | Distance | km/h | Report |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1926 | Aug. 27 | Coupe d'Or | Roger Gauthier | (Private) | Bignan 2LC | N/A | 53 | N/A | Report | |
| 1935 | July 7 | 1° GP de Tourisme | Albert Perrot | (Private) | Delahaye 18 CV | +3.0 | 25 | Report | ||
| 1936 | July 5 | 11° GP de la Marne | Jean-Pierre Wimille | Bugatti (Works) | Bugatti 57G Tank | S5.0 | 51 | Report | ||
| 1937 | July 18 | 12° GP de la Marne | Jean-Pierre Wimille | Bugatti (Works) | Bugatti T59 | S5.0 | 63 | Report | ||
| 1952 | June 29 | 13° GP de la Marne |  Stirling Moss | T. H. Wisdom | Jaguar C-Type | S+2.0 | 50 | Report | ||
| 1953–1954 | 12 Heures Internationales de Reims | |||||||||
| 1955 Cancelled | ||||||||||
| 1956–1958 | 12 Heures Internationales de Reims | |||||||||
| 1959–1963 Not held | ||||||||||
| 1963 | June 30 | Trophee P-GT-Sport | Dick Protheroe | Protheroe | Jaguar E 3L+ | P+3.0 | 25 | Report | ||
| 1964–1965 | 12 Heures Internationales de Reims - Sportscar World Championship | |||||||||
| 1966 | July 3 | Coupe Nationale R8 Gordini | Jean- Claude Andruet | Gordini | R8 Gordini | S1.2 | 12 | Report | ||
| 1967 | 12 Heures Internationales de Reims | |||||||||
| 1967 | June 25 | Coupe Nationale R8 Gordini | Francis Stalter | Gordini | R8 Gordini | S1.2 | 15 | Report | ||
| 1968 | June 24 | Coupe Nationale R8 Gordini | Bernard Lagier | Gordini | R8 Gordini | S1.2 | 12 | Report | ||
| 1969 | June 24 | Coupe Nationale R8 Gordini | Alain Cudini | Gordini | R8 Gordini | S1.2 | 12 | Report | ||
| Sources:[32] [33] [34] |
Peter de Merrit