9M119 Svir/Refleks Explained

9K120 Svir / 9K119 Refleks / 9K119M Refleks-M
AT-11 Sniper
Origin:Soviet Union
Type:ATGM
Is Missile:yes
Service:1985–present [1]
Used By:Soviet Union
Russia
China
India
Serbia
South Korea
Design Date:1980s
Manufacturer:Degtyarev plant
Unit Cost:$37,500 (2012)[2] [3]
Production Date:1980s–present
Variants:9M119M
Weight:16.5 / 17.2 kg[4]
Diameter:125 mm
Filling:Tandem hollow-charge
Filling Weight:4.5 kg
Vehicle Range:4,000 / 5,000 m
Speed:Subsonic
Guidance:Laser beam riding
Launch Platform:125 mm smoothbore guns

The 9K120 Svir, 9K119 Refleks, 9K119M Refleks-M (NATO reporting name AT-11 Sniper)[5] are laser beam riding, guided anti-tank missile systems developed in the Soviet Union. Both are designed to be fired from smoothbore 125 mm tank and anti-tank guns (2A45, 2A46 and 2A46M). The name Svir comes from the River Svir, while Refleks means reflex.

History

The first guided anti-tank missile system fired from smoothbore 125 mm tank guns, the 9K112 Kobra, appeared on Soviet T-64B tanks in 1976. However, they were incompatible with the autoloader of the T-72 tanks (while the T-64 also had an autoloader, it was very different from the one in T-72), so the new missile system was developed for T-72.

9K120 Svir

The Svir is used with the T-72B tank series since 1985.

9K119 Refleks

The Refleks appeared in 1992 and was installed in T-90 tank series.

It has also been produced by the People's Republic of China for use with its Type 99 tank.[6]

The Indian defence ministry has signed a contract with Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL), a public sector company under Department of Defence Production, for supplying Invar Anti Tank Guided Missiles to the Indian Army. BDL has been manufacturing these missiles under technical collaboration with Rosoboronexport.[7] It can also be fired from the 2A45 Sprut-B anti-tank gun.[8]

9K119M Refleks-M

9M119M "Refleks-M" missiles (GRAU designation: 3UKB20) can be fired from the T-72B, T-80U, and T-90S through the use of a 1K13-19 sight, are ejected using the 9Kh949 ejecting mechanism, and the rocket motor ignites as soon as the missile exits the barrel. Ram air collected by the air intakes in the nose is used to provide power to move the control fins.[9] The 17.2 kg (37.8 pound) missile is 690 mm (27.1 inches) long and has pop-out fins (with a 250 mm/69 girth span) that aid in guidance. The missile is guided by the modulated laser beam steered by the tank gunner. The missile has a maximum range of 5,000 meters at a speed of 350 meters per second (17.69 seconds max flight time). The Svir/Reflex enables the tank to hit targets at twice the range of the 125mm shells. The tandem warhead can penetrate up to 900 mm of armor (35.4 inches). Missile 9M119M "Refleks-M" was put into service in 1992, and the modernized variant 9M119M1 in the second half of the 1990s.[10] [11] There are also high explosive versions produced named 9M119F and 9M119F1 which are intended to defeat enemy personnel.[12]

Similar weapons

Specifications

[4]

Operators

Current operators

Former operators

Bibliography

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Refleks . Deagel.com . Deagel . 17 May 2021 . 17 May 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210517102639/https://www.deagel.com/Defensive%20Weapons/Refleks/a001002 . live .
  2. Web site: Индия купит десять тысяч российских противотанковых ракет . 2012-10-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121021211407/http://lenta.ru/news/2012/10/19/invar/ . 2012-10-21 . live.
  3. Web site: Lenta.ru: Оружие: Индия купит десять тысяч российских противотанковых ракет . 2012-10-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121021211407/http://lenta.ru/news/2012/10/19/invar/ . 2012-10-21 . live.
  4. Web site: 125mm Guided Rounds . 2018-12-11 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180507172101/http://fofanov.armor.kiev.ua/Tanks/ARM/atgm/ammo.html . 2018-05-07 . live.
  5. Web site: Russian T-14 Tanks Get Anti-Tank Missile with 7-Mile Range . 2018-04-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181116074414/https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/weapons/news/a27023/russias-new-tank-will-out-stick-americas-abrams/ . 2018-11-16 . live.
  6. Web site: Janes Armor and Artillery Upgrades. https://archive.today/20120630044809/http://www.janes.com/extracts/extract/jaau/jaau0121.html. dead. 2012-06-30.
  7. Web site: India signs $471 million contract for Russian Invar missiles | Russia & India Report . . 22 May 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200803125604/https://www.rbth.com/economics/2013/08/21/india_signs_471_million_contract_for_russian_invar_missiles_28667 . 3 August 2020 . live.
  8. Book: Jane's Ammunition Handbook 2003-2004. Janes Information Group. 2003.
  9. Web site: Танки - Т-72, Т-80, Т-90 (Второе издание 19 December 2011). 19 December 2011. ru. 6 February 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150129050514/http://artofwar.ru/w/wechkanow_i_w/vivboewyetanki-semejstwot-72t-80t-90wtoroeizdanie19122011.shtml. 29 January 2015. live.
  10. Web site: Завод им. В.А. Дегтярева / Выстрел 3УБК20 с управляемой ракетой 9М119М . 2014-12-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180926205522/http://www.zid.ru/products/defence/51/detail/159 . 2018-09-26 . dead.
  11. Web site: Комплекс управляемого вооружения 9К119М «Рефлекс-М» . 2014-12-18 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141026131113/http://www.btvt.narod.ru/4/tyr125.htm . 2014-10-26 . live.
  12. Web site: Open Joint Stock Company "V.A.Degtyarev Plant" / Anti-tank arms . 2014-12-22 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141222144423/http://www.zid.ru/eng/products/90/ . 2014-12-22 . live.
  13. Jane's Armour and Artillery 2005–2006, p 133.
  14. Web site: Modlex product: MXF05-000160 Tondar Anti Armour Guided Missile . modlex.ir . https://archive.today/20130413004446/http://modlex.ir/cgi-bin/store.pl/page=product.html/pid=MXF05-000160 . 13 April 2013 . dead.
  15. "Transfers of major weapons: Deals with deliveries or orders made for 1999 to 2021", SIPRI Arms Transfers Database.
  16. News: Olesya Zagorskaya. CSTO Countries as Suppliers of Military Equipment. 2022-09-01. 2022-07-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20220703002829/https://dfnc.ru/en/journal/2022-1-72/csto-countries-as-suppliers-of-military-equipment/. live.
  17. Web site: Syrian Arab Republic (Modern). Tank Encyclopedia. 8 June 2024.
  18. News: @UAWeapons. Weapons capture during 2022 Ukraine Russia war. 2022-09-17. 2022-09-16. https://web.archive.org/web/20220916230627/https://twitter.com/UAWeapons/status/1570899707446300674. live.

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