Raymond Desjardins Explained

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Raymond L. Desjardins is a senior research scientist at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) in the Agrienvironment Division of the Ottawa Research and Development Centre. His areas of expertise include agricultural meteorology, micrometeorology, air quality, and climate change. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, was co-recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize awarded to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2007, and in 2018 was appointed as Member of the Order of Canada for his research in agrometeorology and for his innovative devices to quantify greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.[1] [2]

Biography

Raymond Desjardins was born and raised on a farm in Carlsbad Springs, Ontario and now lives in Breckenridge (Pontiac), Quebec. In 1963, he obtained a BSc (Hons.) in Physics from the University of Ottawa. He obtained an MSc in meteorology from the University of Toronto in 1965 and a PhD in Micrometeorology from Cornell University in 1972.[3]

In 1965 Desjardins began working as a research scientist at AAFC where he spearheaded many research projects that have advanced knowledge and enabled Canada to lead the way in international efforts to fight climate change. He was principal resource officer for a CIDA project in Londrina, Brazil from 1983 to 1987. From 1985 to 1998, he was adjunct professor at Laval and McGill University. He also served as a scientific advisor in agrometeorological research for the province of Quebec from 1980 to 1990. Desjardins continues to work at AAFC; some of his most recent research has focused on quantifying the carbon footprint of agricultural products and identifying ways the agricultural sector could reduce its greenhouse gas emissions.[4] [5]

Career

Desjardins has led many climate change projects related to Canadian agriculture.[6] [7] [8] As part of Canada's Green Plan Program, in cooperation with three other researchers, he co-edited the much acclaimed book, The Health of Our Air: Toward sustainable agriculture in Canada. This book assesses the contribution of Canadian agriculture to air quality and climate change.

Desjardins was the agricultural team leader on the Program of Energy Research and Development (PERD) from 1987 to 2007. During that period, he managed the PERD climate change project with representatives from the five Natural Resource Departments. He co-authored the interdepartmental report, Enhancement of Greenhouse Gas Sinks: A Science Assessment. As part of Action Plan 2000, he proposed the GHG Mitigation Program for Canadian Agriculture whose objectives were to increase awareness among the farming community of climate change issues and help producers reduce their impact on the environment. He chaired the scientific advisory committee that worked closely with the Dairy Farmers of Canada, Canadian Pork Council, Canadian Cattlemen's Association, and Soil Conservation Council of Canada to satisfy the burgeoning agriculture-sector interest in climate change and help minimize the impact of climate change on farming communities in Canada. He co-led the Model Farm project that carried out research across the country at the farm level as part of the GHG Mitigation Program. The results of this research were summarized in a book entitled: Better Farming, Better Air – A Scientific Analysis of Farming Practice and Greenhouse Gases in Canada which he co-edited. As part of the Model Farm project, he and his colleagues developed the first version of the GHG calculator HOLOS[9] which can be used to calculate the GHG emissions from any farm in Canada.

Throughout his career, Desjardins was a key player in major national and international scientific projects to quantify the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems and their role in greenhouse gas exchange. He led the first team to measure carbon dioxide fluxes using an aircraft-based platform. This technology, which was featured on the cover of Science,[10] has been used to study some of the major terrestrial ecosystems in North America. With this aircraft, he was a participant in the NASA funded First ISLSCP Field Experiment (FIFE)[11] over the Konza prairies in Kansas in 1987 and 1989. He worked closely with scientists in many large scale experiments such as the Northern Wetlands Study (NOWES)[12] in 1990, the California Ozone Deposition Experiment (CODE)[13] in 1991, the Boreal Ecosystem Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)[14] in northern Canada in 1994 and 1996, the Southern Great Plain Experiment (SGP97) in Oklahoma, and the MacKenzie Basin Study (MAGS) near Inuvik in 1999. He built many unique sampling systems to measure the fluxes of trace gases. One of his latest systems was used on the National Research Council atmospheric research aircraft to measure the emissions of nitrous oxide[15] and methane[16] at a regional scale. These measurements have greatly increased national and international confidence in the Canadian agricultural GHG emission inventory estimates.

Desjardins has more than 30 years experience working with the Commission for Agricultural Meteorology of the World Meteorological Organization, publishing papers on climate change,[17] [18] leading a team to disseminate knowledge on the impact of agriculture on climate,[19] and helping transfer agricultural technologies to developing countries. He was a member of the management team from 2014 to 2018.

Desjardins also worked with the IPCC on working Group II.[20]

Over the course of his career, Desjardins has been a mentor to many young Canadians and foreign researchers.[21]

Honours and awards

Notes and References

  1. Canadian Insider “Governor General Announces 103 New Appointments to the Order of Canada” https://www.canadianinsider.com/governor-general-announces-103-new-appointments-to-the-order-of-canada
  2. ”Radio-Canada, 27 décembre 2018, “Un chercheur de Luskville récipiendaire de l’Ordre du Canada” https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/1144052/chercheur-luskville-ordre-canada
  3. Government of Canada. "Dr. Raymond Desjardins" https://profils-profiles.science.gc.ca/en/profile/dr-raymond-desjardins. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  4. Gaboury, Paul. 28 janvier 2019. "Pour l'avenir de la planète : Raymond Desjardins, scientifique émérite décoré de l'Ordre du Canada" Le Droit. (Ottawa, ON) Retrieved28 January 2019.
  5. Chevalier, Jennifer. 15 August 2019. "Fight climate change by eating meat, Ottawa farmers say." CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/red-meat-local-farmer-ottawa-1.5244343 Retrieved 19 August 2019.
  6. Janzen, H.H., R.L. Desjardins, R. Asselin, and B. Grace. (editors) 1999. The Health of Our Air: toward sustainable agriculture in Canada. Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Catalogue No. A53-1981/1998E. 98 pp. http://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/256390/publication.html
  7. Janzen, H., R.L. Desjardins, P. Rochette, Boehm. M., and D. Worth (editors) 2008. Better Farming, Better Air — A scientific analysis of farming practice and greenhouse gases in Canada. 143p. http://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/323538/publication.html
  8. Hengeveld, H. Bourbonniere, R. Braithwaite, L., Chen, W., Desjardins, R.L., and P. Hall, (editors) 2008. Enhancement of Greenhouse Gas Sinks: A Science Assessment. POL 6.2.1 Final Report 98 p.
  9. Janzen, H.H., Angers, D.A., Boehm, M., Bolinder, M., Desjardins, R.L., Dyer, J.A., Ellert, B.H., Gibb, D.J., Gregorich, E.G., Helgason, B.L., Lemke, R., Massé, D., McGinn, S.M., McAllister, T.A., Newlands, N., Pattey, E., Rochette, P., Smith, W., VandenBygaart, A.J., and Wang, H. 2006. A proposed approach to estimate and reduce net greenhouse gas emissions from whole farms. Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 86: 401–418. https://doi.org/10.4141/S05-101
  10. Desjardins, R.L., Brach, E.J., Alvo, P. and Schuepp, P.H. 1982. Aircraft monitoring of surface carbon dioxide exchange. Science 216: 733–735.
  11. Desjardins, R.L., Schuepp, P.H., MacPherson, J.I. and Buckley, D.J. 1992. Spatial and temporal variation of the fluxes of carbon dioxide and sensible and latent heat over the FIFE site. J. Geophys. Res. 97: 18467-18476.
  12. Desjardins, R.L., MacPherson, J.I., Schuepp, P.H., and Hayhoe, H. 1994. Airborne flux measurements of CO2 and H2O over the Hudson Bay Lowlands. J. Geophys. Res. 99: 1551–1561.
  13. Pederson, J.R., W.J. Massman, A. Delany, G., den Hartog, R. Desjardins, D.A. Grantz, J.I. MacPherson, L.J. Mahrt, H.H. Neumann, S. Oncley, K.T. Paw, U.R. Pearson, Jr., P.R. Roth, P.H. Schuepp, R.H. Shaw. 1995. California Ozone Deposition Experiment: Methods, results and opportunities. Atmos. Env. 29: 3115-3132.
  14. Desjardins, R.L., MacPherson, J.I., Mahrt, L., Schuepp, P.H., Pattey, E., Neumann, H., Baldocchi, D., Wofsy, S., Fitzjarrald, D., H. McCaughey and D.W. Joiner. 1997. Scaling up flux measurements for the boreal forest using aircraft-tower combinations. J. Geophys. Res. 102: 29,125–29,134.
  15. Desjardins, R.L., Pattey, E., Smith, W.N., Worth, D., Grant, B., Srinivasan, R., MacPherson, J.I., and Mauder, M. 2010. Multiscale estimates of N2O emissions from agricultural lands. Special Issue of Agriculture and Forest Meteorology 150 (6) 817-824.
  16. Desjardins, R.L., Worth, D.E., Srinivasan, R., Pattey, E., VanderZaag, A.C., Mauder, M., Metzger, S., Worthy, D., Sweeney, C., 2018. "The challenge of reconciling bottom-up agricultural methane emissions inventories with top-down measurements". Agri. and For. Meteorol. 248, 48–59.
  17. Salinger, M.J., Desjardins, R.L., Lianhai, W., Veerasamy, S., Jones, M.B., Strommen, N., Sirakumar, M.V.K., Centuro, H. and M. Kropff. 1995. Climate variability. Agric. and For. WMO Technical Bulletin, 70 pp.
  18. Salinger, M.J., R.L. Desjardins, M.B. Jones, M.V.K. Sivakumar, N.D. Strommen, S. Veeresamy, and Li Wu. 1997. WMO Technical Note 199, WMO, Geneva. 124 pp.
  19. Desjardins, R.L., Sivakumar, M.V.K. and C. de Kimpe. 2007. The contribution of agriculture to the state of climate: Workshop summary and recommendations. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 142: 314–324.
  20. Cole et al. 1996. Agricultural options for mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. In Climate Change 1995. Contribution of Working group II to the second assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. pp. 745-772.
  21. Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society. “Public Service Awards of Excellence – 2008” http://www.cmosarchives.ca/Metphotos/T7/PSAwards2008.html. Retrieved 25 January 2019.

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