Rapid fire pistol at the Olympics explained

Event:	ISSF 25 meter rapid fire pistol
Sport:	Shooting
Gender:	Men
Yearsheld:	Men: 1896, 1900, 1912–1924, 1932–2020

The rapid fire pistol is the only shooting event on the current Olympic programme that dates back to 1896, since the removal of the men's free pistol. The current rapid fire pistol event is the ISSF 25 meter rapid fire pistol. The format and rules for the rapid fire pistol event changed widely in the early Olympics.^[1] The event format has been largely standardized since 1924, though there have been significant rule changes since.

There has never been a women's version of the rapid fire pistol event; the current programme pairs the men's rapid fire pistol with the women's free pistol for gender equality. The event was nominally open to women from 1968 to 1980, although very few women participated these years.^[2]

A team event was held twice, in 1912 and 1920.

Variants

The early Games had a few variants of the event:

• 1896: The event featured "muzzle-loading" pistols, which were required to be of .45 caliber. The distance was 25 metres, the current standard. As with other 1896 events, a multiplicative scoring system was used. Timing is unknown.^{[3] [4]}
• 1900: This event was limited to professionals (a significant departure from the general amateurism principles of the time). Only six shots were fired per shooter. The pistols used are sometimes described as "military" pistols. Timing is unknown. Distance was 20 metres.
• 1912: This was a "dueling pistols" event. The timing in this event involved single shots rather than true rapid fire, but the target would appear for only 3 seconds for each shot. A full silhouette target was used. Distance was 30 metres. Hits, rather than score, was used as the first criterion for ranking shooters; only those tied on hits were sorted by score.^{[5] [6] [7]}
• 1920: Like 1900, this is sometimes identified as a "military" pistols event. The distance was 30 metres. Shooters fired 30 shots each, with targets that had scoring circles up to 10 points apiece. Shooters had the option of using their team event score or shooting again for the individual match.
• 1924–1936: These three Games used variations on a hit-or-miss theme. Shots were fired in series of 6 shots, each at 6 targets. The score for the series was how many targets were hit; there were no scoring rings. The initial round used 3 series (maximum score 18), while successive rounds of 1 series each were used to narrow the field from those who scored perfectly. In 1924, the first round had the targets available for 10 seconds, with all later rounds being 8 seconds; for the other two Games, the first round was 8 seconds and the later rounds got faster each round, down to 2 seconds in the fifth round.

Medals

Men

1896 Athens
1900 Paris
1904 St. Louis	Not held
1908 London	Not held
1912 Stockholm
1920 Antwerp
1924 Paris
1928 Amsterdam	Not held
1932 Los Angeles
1936 Berlin
1948 London
1952 Helsinki
1956 Melbourne
1960 Rome
1964 Tokyo
1968 Mexico City (mixed)
1972 Munich (mixed)
1976 Montreal (mixed)
1980 Moscow (mixed)
1984 Los Angeles
1988 Seoul
1992 Barcelona
1996 Atlanta
2000 Sydney
2004 Athens
2008 Beijing
2012 London
2016 Rio de Janeiro
2020 Tokyo

Multiple medalists

Rank	Gymnast	Nation	Olympics	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	align=left data-sort-value="Schumann, Ralf"			1988–1996, 2004–2008	3	2	0	5
2	align=left data-sort-value="Takács, Károly"			1948–1952	2	0	0	2
	align=left data-sort-value="Zapędzki, Józef"			1968–1972	2	0	0	2
4	align=left data-sort-value="Linnosvuo, Pentti"			1960–1964	1	1	0	2
	align=left data-sort-value="Ion, Corneliu"			1980–1984	1	1	0	2
	align=left data-sort-value="Kuzmins, Afanasijs"			1988–1992	1	1	0	2
7	align=left data-sort-value="Alifirenko, Sergei"			2000–2004	1	0	1	2
	align=left data-sort-value="Reitz, Christian"			2008, 2016	1	0	1	2
9	align=left data-sort-value="Hax, Heinrich"			1932–1936	0	2	0	2
	align=left data-sort-value="Wiefel, Jürgen"			1976–1980	0	2	0	2
11	align=left data-sort-value="Lichiardopol, Gheorghe"			1952–1956	0	0	2	2
	align=left data-sort-value="Vokhmyanin, Vladimir"			1992–1996	0	0	2	2

Medalists by nation

Team rapid fire pistol

Men

1912 Stockholm
1920 Antwerp

Notes and References

1. Not all sources include the first four appearances of the event (1896, 1900, 1912, and 1920) as rapid fire pistol events. 1980 Official Report, vol. 3, p. 531, lists the prior champions in the rapid fire pistol, including three of those events and indicating they are part of the rapid fire pistol series; the ISSF lists all four at its website.
2. https://www.olympedia.org/sports/SHO
3. Web site: Muzzle-Loading Pistol, 25 metres, Men . Olympedia . 11 December 2020.
4. Official Report, part 2, p. 94.
5. Web site: Muzzle-Loading Pistol, 25 metres, Men . Olympedia . 11 December 2020.
6. 1912 Official Report, p. 1062.
7. 1912 Official Report, p. 701.