pronounced as /notice/In phonology and phonetics, raising is a sound change in which a vowel or consonant becomes higher or raised, meaning that the tongue becomes more elevated or positioned closer to the roof of the mouth than before. The opposite effect is known as lowering. Raising or lowering may be triggered by a nearby sound, when it is a form of assimilation, or it may occur on its own.
In i-mutation, a front vowel is raised before pronounced as //i// or pronounced as //j//, which is assimilation.
In the Attic dialect of Ancient Greek and in Koine Greek, close-mid pronounced as //eː oː// were raised to pronounced as //iː uː//. The change occurred in all cases and was not triggered by a nearby front consonant or vowel. Later, Ancient Greek pronounced as //ɛː// was raised to become Koine Greek pronounced as /[eː]/ and then pronounced as /[iː]/. For more information, see
In Czech, the alveolar trill pronounced as //r// was raised before pronounced as //i// to become the raised alveolar trill pronounced as /link/, spelled (ř) as in (Dvořák). That is a form of palatalization, and it also occurred in Polish in which it became a simple sibilant fricative pronounced as //ʐ// (spelled (rz) or (ż)) around the 16th century. The pronunciation pronounced as /link/ in Polish is considered to be nonstandard and is used only by some older speakers.