| Rafael Gutiérrez Caro | |
| Native Name Lang: | es |
| Birth Place: | Carmona, Seville, Andalusia, Spain |
| Death Place: | Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain |
| Allegiance: | CNT |
| Branch: | Confederal militias (1936–1937), Spanish Republican Army (1937–1939) |
| Branch Label: | Service |
| Unit: | Andalusia-Extremadura Column, 70th Mixed Brigade, 14th Division |
| Battles: | Spanish Civil War |
Rafael Gutiérrez Caro (Carmona, 1912 – Alcalá de Henares, 1940) was an Andalusian anarchist militant.
Originally from Carmona, he was a peasant by profession and from his youth he was an anarchist. He became a military officer in the National Confederation of Labor (Spanish; Castilian: link=no|Confederación Nacional del Trabajo, CNT) .
After the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War he joined the confederal militias, coming to fight in the Sierra Morena area, integrated into the Andalusia-Extremadura Column. In March 1937 he was appointed commander of the 70th Mixed Brigade, at the head of which would take part in the Battle of Guadalajara. Later he commanded the 14th Division, formed mainly by anarcho-syndicalists. In March 1939, during the Casado coup, he positioned himself in favor of the National Defence Council. He was taken prisoner by the nationalists at the end of the war, he was court-martialed, sentenced to death, and executed in Alcalá de Henares on 3 June 1940.
. Diego Abad de Santillán . De Alfonso XIII a Franco . 1974 . Tipográfica Editora Argentina . Buenos Aires. es.