List of ethnic riots explained

This is a list of ethnic riots by country, and includes riots based on ethnic, sectarian, xenophobic, and racial conflict. Some of these riots can also be classified as pogroms.

Africa

Country	Riot	Notes	References
Burundi	1972 Ikiza
	1993 ethnic violence in Burundi
Côte d'Ivoire	2004 French–Ivorian clashes		^[1] ^[2]
Egypt	1945 Anti-Jewish riots in Egypt
Ghana	see: Ethnic conflict in Ghana
Kenya(see: Ethnic conflicts in Kenya)	Somali–Kenyan conflict
	2012 Baragoi clashes
	2012–13 Tana River District clashes
Lesotho	2007 Anti-Chinese riot in Maseru		^[3]
Libya	1945 Anti-Jewish riots in Tripolitania
	1948 Anti-Jewish riots in Tripolitania
Mauritania	1989 race riots in Mauritania	Riots took place during Mauritania–Senegal Border War	^[4]
Mauritius	1906 Pagoda riots
	1911 Curepipe riots
	1937 Uba riots
	1943 Belle Vue Harel Massacre
	1965 Mauritius race riots
	1968 Mauritian riots
	1999 Mauritian riots
	1999 L'Amicale riots
Nigeria	1966 anti-Igbo pogrom
Rhodesia	1925 Kananga riot
South Africa	1949 Anti-Indian riots in Durban	These riots, taking place between 13–14 January 1949, were a pogrom in which Indians were targeted, predominantly by Zulus. In total 142 Asians died and another 1,087 people were injured; the riot resulted in the massacre of mostly poor Indians. It also led to the destruction of 58 shops, 247 dwellings, and one factory.	^[5]
	1976 Soweto uprising
	1985 Anti-Indian riot in Durban	This riot came as Zulu youth spilled into Asian suburbs of Durban (including Inanda) during the night. While this event was less severe in its intensity and of much shorter duration than the 1949 riots, this riot also saw hundreds of South-African Indians families fleeing their neighbourhoods in order to escape Zulu rioters who looted and torched their homes on the night of 7 August 1985.	^[6] ^[7] ^[8]
	2007 Anti-Somali riot in Port Elizabeth		^[9]
	2020 riot in Senekal	Protests in response to the killing of Brendin Horner turned violent. Rioters, largely Boers, stormed the courthouse where the two perpetrators were being held. Gunfire was exchanged, and a police van outside was turned over and set alight.	^[10]
Tanzania	1964 Zanzibar Revolution	Took place on 12 January 1964.	^[11] ^[12]

Americas

Country	Riot	Notes	References
Brazil	1823 Anti-Portuguese riots in Rio de Janeiro		^[13]
	1831 Anti-Portuguese riots in Salvador
Canada	1784 Shelburne riots in Nova Scotia	These riots took place in July 1784 by landless white Loyalist veterans of the American War of Independence against Black Loyalists and government officials in the Nova Scotian town of Shelburne, and the nearby village of Birchtown.They are considered the first race riots in Canada, and are one of the earliest recorded race riots in North America.	^[14]
	1835–45 Shiners' War
	Riot over a black person taking up a military uniform in 1852 in St. Catharines, Ontario.
	Riot over a black man marrying a white woman in 1860 in Chatham, Ontario.
	Riot over a blacks sitting in the main theatre section in 1860 in Victoria, British Columbia.
	1875 Jubilee riots in Toronto
	Anti-Chinese riot in 1887 due to both xenophobia and economic competition, (Vancouver, British Columbia)
	Anti-Chinese riot in 1892 due to a small-pox outbreak, (Calgary, Alberta)
	Anti-Chinese riot in 1907 due to an altercation between a Chinese employee and a white customer, (Lethbridge, Alberta)
	1907 Anti-Oriental riots in Vancouver	As part of the larger anti-Asian Pacific Coast race riots of 1907, along the west coast of Canada and the US.
	Anti-German riots in reaction to World War I in 1916, (Calgary, Alberta)
	1918 Toronto anti-Greek riot
	Anti-Chinese riot in 1919, (Halifax, Nova Scotia)
	Anti-immigrant riot in 1919, (Winnipeg, Manitoba)
	1933 Christie Pits riot in Toronto
	Anti-black riot in 1940, (Calgary, Alberta)
	1969 Sir George Williams affair
	Riot by blacks against white owned businesses in response to perceived discrimination against them in 1991, (Halifax, Nova Scotia)
	Yonge Street Riot-rioting by black protestors in response to the Rodney King verdict and another victim of police brutality that occurred shortly before in 1992, (Toronto, Ontario)
	1999 Burnt Church Crisis
	2020 Mi'kmaq lobster dispute
Mexico	1911 Torreón massacre
Peru	1880s anti-Chinese riots	Peruvians held the Chinese as responsible for Chile's invasion during the War of the Pacific, due to Chinese support for Chile throughout the war. This would stem a sense of sinophobia among Peruvians, the first of its kind in Latin America. In the Cañete region, Chinese immigrants were massacred by Afro-Peruvian peasants, led by women during the War of the Pacific. Following the war, Chinese were further targeted and murdered by native Peruvians. In the central Sierra, armed indigenous peasants sacked and occupied the haciendas of landed elite Criollo 'collaborationists', a majority of whom were of ethnic-Chinese descent. In Lima, Indigenous and mestizo Peruvians murdered Chinese shopkeepers. In response, Chinese coolies revolted, some even joining the Chilean Army. It was not until 1890s that anti-Chinese pogroms ended in Peru.	^[15] ^[16] ^[17] ^[18]
	1880s Indigenous uprising against White Peruvians		^[19]

United States

Nativist period: 1700s–1860

• 1824: Providence, RI – Hard Scrabble Riots
• 1829: Cincinnati, OH – Cincinnati riots of 1829
• 1829: Charlestown, Massachusetts – anti-Catholic Riots
• 1831: Providence, RI
• 1834: Massachusetts – Convent burning
• 1834: Philadelphia, PA – pro-slavery riots^[20]
• 1834: New York, NY – New York City pro-slavery riots
• 1835: Boston, MA – pro-slavery riots
• 1835: Five Points Riot
• 1835: Washington, D.C. – Snow Riot^{[21] [22]}
• 1836: Cincinnati, OH – Cincinnati riots of 1836
• 1841: Cincinnati, OH – White Irish-descendant and Irish immigrant dock workers rioted against Black dock workers.
• 1844: Philadelphia, PA – Philadelphia Nativist Riots
• 1851: Hoboken, NJ – anti-German riot
• 1855: Louisville, KY – anti-German riots

Reconstruction era: 1865–1877

• 1866: New Orleans massacre of 1866
• 1866: Memphis, Tennessee, mostly ethnic Irish against African Americans
• 1868: Pulaski Riot
• 1868: St. Bernard Parish massacre, St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana, whites against blacks
• 1868: Opelousas massacre, Opelousas, Louisiana, whites against blacks
• 1868: Camilla massacre, Camilla, Georgia, whites against blacks
• 1870: Eutaw massacre, Eutaw, Alabama, whites against blacks
• 1870: Laurens, South Carolina
• 1870: New York City Orange Riot
• 1871: Second New York City Orange Riot
• 1871: Los Angeles, Chinese massacre. Mixed Mexican and white mob killed 17–20 Chinese in the largest mass lynching in U.S. history
• 1871: Meridian race riot of 1871, Meridian, Mississippi, whites against African Americans
• 1891: New Orleans, lynchings of Italians and riot
• 1873: Colfax massacre, white Democrats against black Republicans
• 1874: New Orleans, Louisiana (Battle of Liberty Place)^[23] After contested gubernatorial election, Democrats took over state buildings for three days
• 1874: Coushatta massacre, Coushatta, Louisiana, white Democrats against black Republicans
• 1874–1875: Vicksburg massacre, Vicksburg, Mississippi
• 1875: Yazoo City, Mississippi
• 1875: Clinton, Mississippi
• 1876: Hamburg Massacre
• 1876: Ellenton riot, Ellenton, South Carolina

Jim Crow era: 1878–1914

• 1885: Rock Springs, WY – Anti-Chinese riot
• 1886: Seattle, WA – Seattle riot of 1886^[24]
• 1889: Forrest City, AR – 1889 Forrest City riot
• 1891: New Orleans, LA – March 14, 1891 New Orleans lynchings
• 1898: North Carolina – Wilmington Insurrection of 1898 (white Democrats overthrew elected government and attacked Blacks)^[25]
• 1898: Lake City, SC – Lynching of Frazier B. Baker and Julia Baker
• 1898: Greenwood County, SC – Phoenix election riot
• 1900: New Orleans, LA – Robert Charles riots
• 1900: Manhattan, NY – Tenderloin anti-Black mob and police riot
• 1904: Springfield, OH – Springfield race riot of 1904^[26]
• 1906: Springfield, OH – Springfield race riot of 1906
• 1906: Atlanta, GA – Atlanta Massacre of 1906 (whites against African Americans)^[27]
• 1906: Brownsville, TX – Brownsville affair
• 1907: Onancock, VA
• 1907: San Francisco, CA and Bellingham, WA – Pacific Coast race riots of 1907 (anti-Asian)
• 1908: Springfield, IL – Springfield race riot of 1908^[28]
• 1909: Omaha, NE – Greek Town riot
• 1910: Nationwide – Johnson–Jeffries riots (anti-black riots following the heavyweight championship victory of Jack Johnson against Jim Jeffries)
• 1910: Slocum, TX – Slocum massacre

War and interwar period: 1914–1945

• 1917: East St. Louis, IL – East St. Louis riots^[29]
• 1917: Chester, PA – 1917 Chester race riot
• 1917: Philadelphia, PA
• 1917: El Paso, TX – 1917 Bath riots
• 1917: Houston, TX – Houston riot
• 1919: Red Summer
  • Washington, D.C.
  • Chicago race riot of 1919^[30]
  • Omaha race riot of 1919
  • Charleston riot of 1919
  • Longview race riot
  • Knoxville riot of 1919
  • Elaine Race Riot
• 1920: Ocoee, FL – Ocoee Massacre
• 1921: Tulsa, OK – Tulsa race massacre^[31]
• 1921: Springfield, OH – Springfield race riot of 1921
• 1923: Rosewood, FL – Rosewood massacre^[32]
• 1927: Yakima Valley, WA – Yakima Valley riots (anti-Filipino)^[33]
• 1928: Wenatchee Valley – Wenatchee Valley anti-Filipino riot
• 1929: Exeter, CA – Exeter anti-Filipino riot^[34]
• 1930: Watsonville, CA – Watsonville riots (anti-Filipino riot that inspired further riots and attacks in San Francisco, Salinas, San Jose, and elsewhere).
• 1935: New York, NY – Harlem riot of 1935
• 1943: Detroit, MI – Detroit race riot^[35]
• 1943: Beaumont, TX – Beaumont race riot of 1943
• 1943: New York, NY – Harlem riot of 1943
• 1943: Los Angeles, CA – Zoot Suit Riots (white against Mexican Americans and other Zoot suit wearers)
• 1944: Agana, Guam – Agana race riot

Postwar era: 1946–1954

• 1946: Airport Homes race riots (series) Airport Homes race riots
• 1946: Columbia, TN – Columbia race riot of 1946
• 1949: Cortlandt Manor, NY – Peekskill riots (anti-communist race riots against Jews and African Americans)
• 1951: Cicero, IL – Cicero race riot

Civil rights and Black Power period: 1955–1977

• 1958: Maxton, NC – Battle of Hayes Pond
• 1962: Oxford, MS – Ole Miss riot
• 1963: Birmingham, AL – Birmingham Riot of 1963
• 1963: Cambridge, MD – Cambridge riot of 1963
• 1963: Lexington, NC – Lexington riot^[36]
• 1964: Harlem, NY – Harlem Riot of 1964
• 1964: Rochester, NY – Rochester riot
• 1964: North Philadelphia, PA – Philadelphia 1964 race riot
• 1965: Los Angeles, CA – Watts Riots
• 1966: Humboldt Park, Chicago, IL – Division Street riots
• 1966: Cleveland, OH – Hough Riots
• 1966: Omaha, NE – North Omaha summer riots
• 1966: Dayton, Ohio – 1966 Dayton race riot
• 1967: Long Hot Summer of 1967
  • June 2: Boston riot (Boston, MA)^[37]
  • June 11 – 14: Tampa riot (Tampa, FL)
  • June 12 – June 15: Cincinnati riot (Cincinnati, OH)
  • June 17: Atlanta riot (Atlanta, GA)
  • June 26 – July 1: Buffalo riot (Buffalo, NY)
  • July 12 – 17: Newark riots (Newark, NJ)
  • July 14 – 16: Plainfield riots (Plainsfield, NJ)
  • July 17: Cairo riot (Cairo, IL)
  • July 20 – 21: Minneapolis riot (Minneapolis, MN)
  • July 23 – 25: Toledo riot (Toledo, OH)
  • July 23 – 28: Detroit riot (Detroit, MI)
  • July 24: Cambridge riot (Cambridge, MD)
  • July 26: Saginaw riot (Saginaw, MI)
  • July 30: Albina riot (Portland, OR)
  • July 30 – August 3: Milwaukee riot (Milwaukee, WI)
• 1968: Protests of 1968
  • Orangeburg massacre (Orangeburg, SC)
• 1968: King-assassination riots (riots following the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.)
  • Baltimore riot of 1968 (Baltimore, MD)
  • Chicago West Side riots (Chicago, IL)
  • Louisville riots of 1968 (Louisville, KY)
  • 1968 Washington, D.C. riots (Washington, D.C.)
  • 1968 Wilmington riots (Wilmington, DE)
• 1968: Cleveland, OH – Glenville shootout and riot
• 1969: York, PA – 1969 York Race Riot
• 1969: New York, NY – Stonewall Riot
• 1970: Augusta, GA – May 11 Race Riot
• 1970: Jackson, MS – Jackson State killings
• 1971: Camden, NJ – Camden riots
• 1976: Pensacola, FL – Escambia High School riots
• 1972: Coast of North Vietnam – USS Kitty Hawk Riot (October 12–13)
• 1975: Ontario, CA – Chaffey High School race riot enhanced by local sniper

1978 to today

• 1978: Houston, TX – Moody Park Riot (on the first anniversary of Joe Campos Torres' death).
• 1979: Worcester, MA – Great Brook Valley Projects Riots (Puerto Ricans rioted)
• 1980: Miami, FL – Miami riots (riots in reaction to the acquittal of four Miami-Dade Police officers in the death of Arthur McDuffie).
• 1980: Chattanooga, TN – Chattanooga riot^[38]
• 1984: Lawrence, MA – 1984 Lawrence Riot (a small scale riot centered at the intersection of Haverhill and railroad streets between working class whites and Hispanics; several buildings were destroyed by Molotov cocktails; August 8, 1984).^[39]
• 1989: Miami, FL – Overtown riot (two nights of rioting by residents after a black motorcyclist was shot by a Hispanic police officer in the predominantly black community of Overtown. The officer was later convicted of manslaughter).
• 1990: Miami, FL – Wynwood riot (Puerto Ricans rioted after a jury acquitted six officers accused of beating a Puerto Rican drug dealer to death)
• 1991: Brooklyn, New York, NY – Crown Heights riot (black anti-Jewish mob killed 2, injured 190).
• 1992: Los Angeles, CA – Los Angeles riots (riots in reaction to the acquittal of all four LAPD officers involved in the videotaped beating of Rodney King, in addition to the Korean involved in the murder of Latasha Harlins; riots broke out mainly involving black and Latino youths in the black neighborhoods of South Central LA and in the neighborhood of Koreatown before spreading to the rest of the city)
• 1996: St. Petersburg, FL – St. Petersburg riots (2-day riots that broke out after 18-year-old Tyron Lewis was fatally shot by Officer Jim Knight, who stopped Lewis for speeding and claimed to have accidentally fire his weapon).
• 2001: Cincinnati, OH – Cincinnati riots (riots in a reaction to the fatal shooting of an unarmed young black male, Timothy Thomas by Cincinnati police officer Steven Roach).
• 2003: Benton Harbor, MI – Benton Harbor riots
• 2005: Toledo, OH – 2005 Toledo riot (a race riot that broke out after a planned Neo-Nazi protest march through a black neighborhood).
• 2006: Fontana, CA – Fontana High School riot (riot involving about 500 Latino and black students)^[40]
• 2006: California – Prison race riots (a series of riots across California set off by a war between Latino and black prison gangs)^{[41] [42]}
• 2008: Los Angeles, CA – Locke High School riot^[43]
• 2009: Oakland, CA – 2009 Oakland riots (peaceful protests turned into rioting after the fatal shooting of Oscar Grant, an unarmed black man, by a BART transit policeman).
• 2014–2015: Ferguson, MO – The Ferguson unrest (a series of riots that broke out over the shooting of Michael Brown).
  • 2014 August: riots for two weeks after the initial shooting of Brown.
  • 2014 November – December: riots for one week after the police officer who shot Brown was not indicted.
  • 2015 August: riots for two days during the anniversary of Brown's shooting.
• 2015: Baltimore, MD – 2015 Baltimore riots (protests-turned-riots following the death of Freddie Gray, an incident in which a suspect died in police custody)
• 2016: Salt Lake City, UT – Riots sparked by the shooting of Abdullahi Omar Mohamed.
• 2020: Nationwide – 2020 United States riots (protests-turned-riots that broke out across the US following the murder of George Floyd).

Asia

Country	Riot	Notes	References
Azerbaijan (incl. Soviet Azerbaijan)	1988 Sumgait pogrom	Anti-Armenian pogrom riots in Azerbaijan SSR during February 1988
	1988 Kirovabad pogrom	Anti-Armenian pogrom
	1990 Baku pogrom	Anti-Armenian pogrom
Bahrain	1947 Manama riots
Bangladesh (incl. East Pakistan)	1946 Noakhali riots
	1950 Barisal riots
	1964 East-Pakistan riots
	1990 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence
	2012 Hathazari violence
	2012 Ramu violence
	2013 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence
	2014 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence
Myanmar(see also: Rohingya conflict)	1930 Rangoon riots	Anti-Indian riots
	1997 Mandalay riots	Anti-Muslim riots
	2001 Taungoo riots	Anti-Muslim riots
	2012 Rakhine State riots
	2013 Myanmar anti-Muslim riots
	2017 Tula Toli massacre
China	1988 Nanjing anti-African protests
	1997 Ghulja incident		^[44]
	2002 Yizhou riots
	2008 Tibetan unrest
	2008 Uyghur unrest
	2009 Shaoguan incident
	July 2009 Ürümqi riots
India (incl. British Raj)(see also: Violence against Muslims in India)	1882 Salem riots
	1895 Kalugumalai riots
	1899 Sivakasi riots
	1918 Kamuthi looting
	1984 anti-Sikh riots	Also includes the Hondh-Chillar massacre
	1991 anti-Tamil violence in Karnataka
	1997–98 Kuki–Paite ethnic clash
	2007 Christmas violence in Kandhamal
	2008 Kandhamal violence
	2012 Assam riots
	2014 Saharanpur riots
	2016 Dhulagarh riots
	Ethnic conflict in Nagaland
	2023 Manipur violence	Ethnic tensions between the Meitei and the Kuki people
Indonesia (incl. Dutch East Indies)	1740 Batavia massacre	Pogrom in which Dutch East Indies soldiers and natives killed ethnic Chinese residents of Batavia.
	1918 Kudus riot	Anti-Chinese riot in Kudus
	1965 riots in Sumatra and Kalimantan	Anti-Chinese riots	^[45]
	1998 Jakarta riots	Anti-Chinese riots	^[46]
	1999 Sambas riots
	2001 Sampit conflict
Israel(excl. Mandatory Palestine, see below)	1947 Jerusalem riots
	1936 Tulkarm shooting retaliation in Tel Aviv
	1959 Wadi Salib riots
	1988–92 First Intifada
	2008 riots in Acre	Sectarian violence erupted on 8 October 2008 turning into 5 days of violence after an Arab-Israeli citizen drove through a predominantly Jewish neighbourhood during Yom Kippur.	^[47] ^[48] ^[49]
	2012 race riots in Tel Aviv	Race riots by Jewish Israelis against black-African immigrants took place in May 2012 after the rape of an elderly woman and an underage Israeli girl by 3 Eritrean men.	^[50] ^[51] ^[52] ^[53]
	2015 riots in Tel Aviv	After an Ethiopian-born IDF officer was beaten by an Israeli police officer and police volunteer, protests in Tel Aviv against racism and police brutality turned violent, with injuries among protesters and police.	^[54]
Kazakhstan(see: Ethnic conflicts in Kazakhstan)	1951 anti-Chechen pogrom in Eastern Kazakhstan
	Fergana pogrom
	2020 Dungan–Kazakh ethnic clashes
Kyrgyzstan (incl. Kyrgyz SSR)	1990 Osh riots	An ethnic conflict between ethnic Kyrgyz and Uzbeks that took place in June 1990 in the Kyrgyz SSR
	2010 South Kyrgyzstan ethnic clashes
Malaysia	1969 May 13 incident	Sectarian violence in Kuala Lumpur
	2001 Kampung Medan riots
Pakistan	see: Sectarian violence in Pakistan
Palestine (British Mandate)(see also: Timeline of intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine)	1920 Nebi Musa riots	Anti-Jewish riots by Arabs in Jerusalem
	1921 Jaffa riots	Anti-Jewish riots by Arabs in Jaffa
	1929 Palestine riots	Anti-Jewish riots by Arabs in Hebron, Safed, Jerusalem, and Jaffa
	1933 Palestine riots	Anti-Jewish riots due to Jewish immigration
	1938 Tiberias massacre
	1947 Jerusalem riots	Anti-Jewish riots by Arabs in Jerusalem
Philippines	see: Ethnic issues in the Philippines
Singapore	1950 Maria Hertogh riots
	1964 race riots in Singapore
	1969 race riots of Singapore
	2013 Little India riot
Sri Lanka (incl. British Ceylon) (see also: List of riots in Sri Lanka)	1915 Sinhalese-Muslim riots	Ethnic conflict between Sinhalese Buddhists and Sri Lankan Moors
	1956 anti-Tamil pogrom	Anti-Tamil riots by Sinhalese mobs
	1958 anti-Tamil pogrom	Anti-Tamil riots by Sinhalese mobs
	1977 anti-Tamil pogrom	Anti-Tamil riots by Sinhalese mobs
	1981 anti-Tamil pogrom	Anti-Tamil riots by Sinhalese mobs
	Black July riots of 1983	Anti-Tamil riots by Sinhalese mobs. Largely believed to be the main cause of the Sri Lankan Civil War.
	1987 Trincomalee riots	Anti-Sinhalese riots by Tamil mobs in Trincomalee
	Kalutara prison riots	Murder of 3 Tamil political prisoners by Sinhalese prisoners
	2000 Bindunuwewe riots	Murder of 26 Tamil political prisoners by Sinhalese mobs
	Mawanella riots	Ethnic conflict between Sinhalese and Muslims that took place in April 2001
	2014 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka	Anti-Muslim riots by Sinhalese mobs
	2018 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka	Anti-Muslim riots by Sinhalese mobs
	2019 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka	Anti-Muslim riots by Sinhalese mobs
Syria	1947 anti-Jewish riots in Aleppo
Uzbekistan (incl. Uzbek SSR)	1989 Fergana massacre	After bloody riots against the Meskhetian Turks in Central Asia's Fergana Valley, nearly 90,000 Meskhetian Turks left Uzbekistan	^[55]
Tajikistan (incl. Tajik SSR)	1990 Dushanbe riots	anti-Armenian unrest in Dushanbe, the capital of the Tajik SSR, from February 12–14, 1990.

Europe

Country	Riot	Notes	References
Belgium	1941 Antwerp Pogrom
	2006 Brussels riots
Bulgaria	2007 anti-Romani riots in Sofia		^[56]
	Banya Bashi mosque clashes
	2019 anti-Romani riots in Gabrovo	A mob of approximately 1000 Bulgarians rioted for four nights following the assault of a Bulgarian shop worker by Romani youths. Property destruction of the Romani area ensued.	^[57]
Denmark	1873 St. Croix labor riot	St. Croix agricultural labor rioted against landlords and labor laws.
	1820–1822 Jewish skirmishes	Riots in various Danish and German cities and towns.
France	2005 Perpignan riots	Riots in Perpignan between Maghrebi and Romani communities after a man of Maghrebi descent was shot dead.	^[58]
	2009 riots in Avignon	Riots in September 2009 between Turkish and Moroccan youths (one youth of African descent was dead)
	2015 Corsican protests	Conflict between locals and immigrants in December 2015 in Ajaccio.
	2020 Dijon riots	These riots between members of the Chechen diaspora and the resident Arab community occurred due to an assault on a Chechen teenager by Arab drug dealers.	^[59]
Germany	1819 Hep-Hep riots
	1938 Kristallnacht	Anti-Jewish riots that would precipitate the Holocaust
	Neo-Nazi marches in Dresden	These marches have sparked many riots as recently as August 2015.^[60]
	1991 Hoyerswerda riots
	1992 Rostock-Lichtenhagen riots
Greece	1990 Komotini events
Kosovo	2000 riots in Kosovo
	2004 pogrom in Kosovo
Italy	2007 Chinese riot in Milan		^[61] ^[62]
	2010 African-immigrant riots in Rosarno		^[63]
	2011 African-immigrant riots in Bari		^[64] ^[65]
	2011 African-immigrant riots in Lampedusa	Riots involving mostly Tunisians	^[66]
	2015 riots in Sassari	Riots as result of refugees refusing to reside in provided buildings	^[67]
	2016 anti-Arab riots in Sesto Fiorentino	Chinese-Italian riots against Arab immigrants and refugees	^[68] ^[69] ^[70]
	2018 Italian-Senegalese riots in Florence	Senegal community riot the city of Florence	^[71]
North Macedonia	2001 insurgency in Macedonia
	2012 Republic of Macedonia inter-ethnic violence
	2017 storming of Macedonian Parliament
Norway	2008–2009 Oslo riots	Anti-Jewish riots in the city of Oslo, involving mostly muslim immigrants and far-left activists
Netherlands	1972 Afrikaanderwijk riots
	1976 Schiedam riots
Poland	1936 Przytyk pogrom	Anti-Jewish riots in Przytyk, on March 9, 1936
	1945 Kraków pogrom	Anti-Jewish riots that occurred on August 11, 1945, in the city of Kraków
	1946 Kielce pogrom	An outbreak of violence against the Jewish community of Kielce, Poland on July 4, 1946
	1991 Mława pogrom	A series of violent incidents in June 1991, when a crowd attacked Roma residents of the Polish town of Mława
	2017 Ełk riots	During the New Year's Eve, a Polish man was stabbed to death by a Tunisian man – incident sparked the riots.
Romania	1990 ethnic clashes of Târgu Mureș
	1993 Hădăreni riots
Russia(see also: Ethnic conflicts in the Soviet Union)	Anti-Jewish pogroms in the Russian Empire
	2006 ethnic tensions in Kondopoga	Anti-immigrant riots in Kondopoga, Karelia
	2010 Manezhnaya Square riot trials	Anti-immigrant riots on Moscow's Manezhnaya Square following the murder of Egor Sviridov
	2013 Biryulyovo riots	Anti-immigrant riots in Biryulyovo District, Moscow
Spain	2000 race riot in Almería		^[72]
	2007 riots in Madrid		^[73]
	2008 immigrant riots in Roquetas de Mar	Riot between Senegalese and Roma (Gypsy) families	^[74]
	2015 African riot in Salou		^[75]
Sweden	2010 Rinkeby riots
	2013 December Stockholm riots
	2013 May Stockholm riots
	2016 riots in Sweden
	2017 Rinkeby riots
	2020 Sweden riots
Turkey	1934 Thrace pogroms	Anti-Jewish pogrom in Eastern Thrace
	1955 Istanbul pogroms
	1969 Istanbul riots
Ukraine	1821 Odessa pogrom
	1881 Kiev pogrom
	1905 Odessa pogrom
	1905 Chernihiv pogrom
	1905 Kiev pogrom
	1914 Lwów pogrom
	1918 Lwów pogrom
	1919 Kiev pogroms
	1941 Lviv pogroms
	2014 Odesa clashes	Part of the larger pro-Russian unrest, these riots culminated in the 2 May city clashes, pro-Ukrainian rioters burned the House of Trade Unions where pro-Russian rioters barricaded themselves.	^[76]
	2016 anti-Romani riot in Odesa	Local villagers attack Romani settlement in Odesa after the body of a 9 year old girl was discovered.	^[77]
United Kingdom	1911 Siege of Sidney Street
1911 South Wales anti-Jewish riots
1919 riot in South Shields	February 1919
1919 South Wales race riots	June 1919
1919 riot in Liverpool	June 1919
1919 riot in Glasgow	June 1919
1919 riots in London	In Stepney in April; on St Anne Street in May; and on Cable Street and Poplar in June
1921 Bloody Sunday
1936 Battle of Cable Street
1947 anti-Jewish riots in Birkenhead
1948 riot in Liverpool	August 1948
1958 riot in Nottingham	August 1958
1958 Notting Hill race riots
1969 Northern Ireland riots
1975 Chapeltown riot
1976 Notting Hill race riots
1979 Southall race riot	London, 23 April 1979
1980 St. Pauls riot	In Bristol
1981 Brixton riot	London, April 1981
1981 Toxteth riots	Liverpool, July 1981
1981 Handsworth riots	Birmingham July 1981
1981 Chapeltown Caribbean riot
1981 Moss Side riot
1985 Peckham riot
1985 Handsworth riots	Birmingham July 1985
1985 Brixton riot	London, September 1985
1985 Broadwater Farm riot	London, October 1985
1987 Chapeltown riot
1989 Dewsbury riot
1991 Meadow Well riots
1995 Manningham riot	Bradford, June 1995
1997 Northern Ireland riots
2001 Oldham riots	Oldham, May 2001
2001 riots in Burnley	Burnley, June 2001
2001 Bradford riots	Bradford, July 2001
2001 riots in Stoke-on-Trent
2001 Holy Cross dispute
July 2001 Belfast riots
November 2001 Belfast riots
2005 Belfast riots
2005 Birmingham riots
2010 Northern Ireland riots
2011 Northern Ireland riots
2011 London riots
2012 North Belfast riots
Belfast City Hall flag protests
2013 Belfast riots
2018 Derry riots
2021 Northern Ireland riots	Riots by Loyalist youths due to post-Brexit trading arrangements and the refusal of the PSNI to prosecute a Sinn Fein member's attendance of an illegal funeral. Eventually escalated when Loyalists threw petrol bombs into a nationalist area.	^[78]
2022 Leicester unrest	Riots between Muslims and Hindus in Leicester.
2024 United Kingdom riots	Riots against Muslims throughout the UK.

Oceania

Country	Riot	Notes	References
Australia(see: Racial violence in Australia)	1828 Cape Grim massacre
	1834 riots against Lascars (Portuguese creole stokers) - Perth
	1836 Mount Cottrell Massacre
	1838 Waterloo Plains Massacre
	1838 Myall Creek massacre
	1839 Murdering Gully Massacre
	1841 Convincing Ground Massacre
	1843 Warrigal Creek Massacre
	1848 Avenue Range Station massacre
	1849 Waterloo Bay massacre
	1857 Buckland riot
	1860–61 Lambing Flat riots
	1868 Flying Foam massacre
	1897 Riot after Catholics attacked Protestants during 12 July parade - Coolgardie
	1901 Conflict between Catholics and Protestants - Kalgoorlie
	1901 Anti-Protestant conflict on 12 July - Boulder 12 July parade
	1905 anti-Italian riot - Gwalia
	Broome riots (1905, 1914, 1920)
	1910 anti-Italian riot - Leonora
	1915 anti-German riot - Fremantle
	1915 Mistake Creek massacre
	1916 anti-Greek riots in Kalgoorlie
	1919 anti-Slav riot - Fremantle
	1934 Anti-Italian/Slav riot - Kalgoorlie^[79]
	2004 Redfern riots
	2004 Palm Island riot
	2005 Cronulla riots
Fiji	2000 anti-Indian riots	Race riots following the 2000 Fijian coup d'état attempt	^[80]
New Zealand	1943 Battle of Manners Street	Conflict in Wellington involving American servicemen and New Zealand servicemen
Solomon Islands	2006 Anti-Chinese riots in Honiara		^[81]
Tonga	2006 Anti-Chinese riots in Nukuʻalofa		^[82]

See also

• Anti-Armenianism
• Antisemitism
  • List of ethnic cleansing campaigns
• Ethnic conflict
  • Ethnic cleansing
  • Ethnic conflicts in the Soviet Union
  • Ethnic hatred
  • Ethnic nationalism
  • Ethnocide
  • Ethnocracy
• Genocide
• Indophobia
• List of riots
• List of ethnic slurs
• List of ethnic slurs by ethnicity
• Pogrom
• Sinophobia
• Territorial nationalism
• Violence
• Xenophobia in South Africa

References

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3. Web site: 24 January 2008. Anti-Chinese resentment flares. 17 September 2017. IRIN.
4. Web site: 7 August 2017. Mauritania profile. 17 September 2017. Bbc.co.uk.
5. Web site: The Durban Riot 1949. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20100308103619/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/library-resources/online%20books/bhana/part02-B-70.htm. 8 March 2010. 17 September 2017. Sahistory.org.za. dmy-all.
6. "VIOLENCE SPREADS IN DURBAN AREA OF SOUTH AFRICA." New York Times. 1985 August 10.
7. United Press International. 1985 August 8. "19 REPORTED DEAD IN SOUTH AFRICA RIOTING SPREADS TO ASIAN SUBURBS." South Florida Sun-Sentinel.
8. Hassen, Fakir. 2006 May 23. "Current Africa race riots like 1949 anti-Indian riots: minister." The Indian Star. Archived from the original on 2009-02-03.
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24. No deaths were reported, but all Chinese and most other Asians were expelled from Seattle and Tacoma. Schwantes, Carlos A. "Protest in a Promised Land: Unemployment, Disinheritance, and the Origin of Labor Militancy in the Pacific Northwest, 1885–1886." Western Historical Quarterly. 13:4 (October 1982).
25. Thirty African Americans died. Robert A. Gibson, The Negro Holocaust: Lynching and Race Riots in the United States, 1880–1950, Yale University, 1979.
26. Web site: Carter. Darnell. 1993. The 1904, 1906, and 1921 Race Riots in Springfield, Ohio and the Hoodlum Theory. 23 April 2016. Etd.ohiolink.edu. 8 May 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160508054232/https://etd.ohiolink.edu/rws_etd/document/get/osu1375275114/inline. dead.
27. Ten African Americans and two Caucasians died. Robert A. Gibson, The Negro Holocaust: Lynching and Race Riots in the United States, 1880–1950, Yale University, 1979.
28. Two African Americans and four Caucasians died. Robert A. Gibson, The Negro Holocaust: Lynching and Race Riots in the United States, 1880–1950, Yale University, 1979; Roberta Senechal, "Springfield Race Riot of 1908," Illinois History Teacher, Summer/Fall 1996.
29. According to federal, state and local government investigators, 39 African Americans died. But civilian investigations shortly after the riot indicate that between 100 and 200 African Americans died. The riot was notable for the brutality of white attackers, who used scalping, gouging out of eyes of victims. Some children were seen to kill others. Elliott M. Rudwick, Race Riot at East St. Louis, Southern Illinois University Press, 1964.
30. Twenty-three African Americans and 15 Caucasians died. Robert A. Gibson, The Negro Holocaust: Lynching and Race Riots in the United States, 1880–1950, Yale University, 1979.
31. Officially, 39 African Americans died. But more recent estimates are that between 150 and 200 African Americans and 50 Caucasians died, and some sources put the number of black dead at 300. James S. Hirsch, Riot and Remembrance: America's Worst Race Riot and Its Legacy, Mariner Books, 2003. ; Robert A. Gibson, The Negro Holocaust: Lynching and Race Riots in the United States, 1880–1950, Yale University, 1979.
32. Officially, six African Americans and two Caucasians died. However, there is disagreement about the number of dead, and some estimates place the number of black dead between 40 and 150. Michael D'Orso, Like Judgment Day: The Ruin and Redemption of a Town Called Rosewood, Putnam Books, 1996. .
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57. Web site: Injuries in clashes between police and protesters in Bulgaria's Gabrovo amid ethnic tensions. The Sofia Globe. 11 April 2019.
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60. Web site: 22 August 2015. Protesters in Germany attack refugee buses shouting 'foreigners out'. 17 September 2017. Independent.co.uk.
61. Web site: 13 April 2007. Milan police in Chinatown clash. 17 September 2017. News.bbc.co.uk.
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