Raavanan (2010 film) explained

Raavanan
Director:Mani Ratnam
Music:A. R. Rahman
Editing:Sreekar Prasad
Studio:Madras Talkies
Distributor:Reliance BIG Pictures
Runtime:134 minutes
Country:India
Language:Tamil

Raavanan is a 2010 Indian Tamil-language epic action-adventure film co-written, co-produced, and directed by Mani Ratnam. The film stars Vikram, Prithviraj Sukumaran and Aishwarya Rai Bachchan in the lead roles along with a supporting cast led by Karthik, Prabhu and Priyamani. It marked Aishwarya Rai Bachchan's return to Tamil after a decade, since Kandukondain Kandukondain (2000). The film follows the crux of the epic Ramayana, with a ruthless cop named Dev Prakash Subramaniam, who is on a quest to find a tribal leader-turned naxalite named Veeraiya as he had kidnapped his wife Raagini, who is suffering from Stockholm syndrome and begins to develop emotions for Veeraiya after learning his purpose.

Raavanan was announced in February 2008, amidst much hype of the celebrated director, Mani Ratnam's return to Tamil films, whilst Vikram's and Aishwarya Rai Bachchan's casting creating more anticipation. Shooting began soon after, and took place in various locations with a record number of extras in areas including Chalakudy, Kerala and Ooty, Tamil Nadu amongst other regions throughout India. The film's music was composed by A. R. Rahman, with lyrics written by Vairamuthu, the cinematography was handled by V. Manikandan and Santhosh Sivan, and editing done by A. Sreekar Prasad.

The film was also made simultaneously in Hindi as Raavan, with Abhishek Bachchan reprising Vikram's role and playing the antagonist, Vikram reprising Prithviraj's role and playing the protagonist, and Aishwarya Rai Bachchan playing the same role in both films. The film was also dubbed in Telugu as Villain. All three versions were released simultaneously on 18 June 2010 worldwide. It was later remade into Bengali in 2011 as Tiger Number One, starring Shakib Khan, Sahara and Amit Hasan.

Plot

A naxalite named Veeraiya and his gang are busy distracting the cops, where police vehicles are set ablaze and women seduce cops into a trap where Veera's henchmen attack and brutally kill them. Whilst on a boating trip, Raagini is kidnapped by Veera, where her husband SP Dev Prakash Subramaniam IPS, is informed of the incident. It is revealed that Veera is a local hero in his village, who runs a parallel government in rural areas near Tirunelveli, with his brothers – Singarasu and Sakkarai. Though considered a naxalite by the local police, Veera is respected by the villagers. He kidnaps Raagini hoping to avenge the death of his sister Vennila, where he brings her to a cliff to kill her. She refuses to die at his hands and jumps off the cliff into the water far below, hoping to kill herself, but to no avail.

This causes Veera to hold off the murder, being unable to kill someone who has no fear of death. Dev and his team enter the forests with the aid of Gnanaprakasam, a local forest guard. Despite searching deep in the forests, Dev is unable to hunt down Veera. Meanwhile, Raagini (who is actually suffering from Stockholm syndrome) learns that Dev had led an encounter against Veera during Vennila's wedding, where his shot grazes Veera in the neck. Fighting for his life, Veera is unable to protect his sister and is led out of the fiasco by his gang. The police pressurise Vennila into revealing Veera's hideout. When she refused, she was subjected to torture and was assaulted by the cops. Veera returned home to find Vennila depressed and traumatised. The next day, Vennila committed suicide by drowning in a nearby well. Unhappy with the ways of leading the war causing distress to his gang, Sakkarai offers a truce to Dev, who initially seems to agree.

When Sakkarai arrives from his hideout, Dev shoots him to death revealing that he considers the destruction of Veera as more important than saving Raagini. Veera and Singarasu are enraged and attack Dev's camp where they wipe out completely. A final confrontation ensues between Veera and Dev on a rickety bridge where Veera triumphs over Dev, but leaves him as Dev told that he is leaving him alive because of Raagini. Dev manages to extricate himself out and finds Raagini bound and tied up, with Veera leaving her. While returning to their hometown in Tiruchirappalli, Dev accuses Raagini of infidelity and informs her that Veera actually told him. Furious, Raagini leaves Dev to meet Veera through Singarasu, where she manages to meet him and asks him about the accusation. Veera denies the accusation, where the duo quickly realises that Dev lied, hoping Raagini would lead him to his hideout. Dev appears with a police team and confronts Veera. Raagini tries to save Veera, but he pushes her out of the line of fire, and is shot multiple times, where Veera falls to his death with a smile while Ragini is distraught.

Cast

Production

Development

During the making of his 2007 biopic Guru starring Abhishek Bachchan and Aishwarya Rai Bachchan, Mani Ratnam had finalised a script for his next directorial venture titled Lajjo.[1] Based on a short story by Ismat Chughtai,[2] it was a musical period film set in the desert and was to star Aamir Khan and Kareena Kapoor in the lead.[3] Though the film was slated to go on floors after the release of the former,[4] there were reports of a fall-out between Ratnam and Khan due to creative differences. While cinematographer P. C. Sreeram denied the reports,[5] the film's would-be lyricist Gulzar said there were actually problems with acquiring the copyright of the story,[6] and composer A. R. Rahman even confirmed to having completed 80% of the film score.[7] Yet, the project was put on the back burner for reasons unknown.[8] [9]

Following the critical and commercial success of Guru, Ratnam announced his next film in February 2008.[10] A modern-day retelling of the mythological epic Ramayana, the film again features the real life couple in the lead.[11] The film was initially planned to be made only in Hindi and the idea for the Tamil version came later.[12] In January 2009, while the film was in the making, it was further decided to dub the Tamil version to Telugu making it a tri-lingual.[13] [14] While the film was yet to be titled,[15] it was widely reported in the media that the Tamil version was titled Ashokavanam in reference to the place where Sita was held captive by Ravana. Further reports emerged stating that since director Kasthuri Raja has already registered the title for his project, Ratnam has requested him for using the title.[16] Later, Vikram, the lead actor, clarified in an interview that the film was tentatively titled Ravana but was wrongly reported as Ashokavanam.[17] Subsequently, the film was titled Raavan in Hindi, Raavanan in Tamil and Villain in Telugu.[18]

While the plot is inspired by Ramayana, the story is narrated from Ravana's perspective making him the protagonist.[19] The film is centered on the 'Ashokavanam' episode where Ravana kidnaps Sita and keeps her in Asokavanam. Later Rama ventures to save his wife and bring her back.

Casting

While Bachchan and Vikram were roped in for the contrasting leads in Hindi, Ratnam asked them to swap roles in Tamil. Though Bachchan agreed initially, he grew sceptical being unfamiliar with the language.[20] Eventually Prithviraj was cast in his place.[21] Rai plays the female lead in both versions of the film.[22] After a brief hiatus, Karthik made a comeback with this film, collaborating with Ratnam for the third time after Mouna Ragam and Agni Natchathiram.[23] Prabhu was cast in a prominent role, joining hands with Ratnam after Agni Natchathiram and Anjali.[24] While Priyamani was cast as Ravana's sister,[25] Munna was signed up to play a role synonymous with Vibhishana.[26] Bipasha Basu was to play the role of Mandodari,[27] [28] [29] which was later scrapped to keep the film short.[30] [31] [32] [33] Likewise, singer Vidya Rao's role as the mother of Aishwarya Rai Bachchan's character was also cut from the final version.[34] Comedian Vaiyapuri plays a transgender.[35]

The cinematography was initially handled by V. Manikandan,[36] but it was later taken over by Santosh Sivan, when the former left the project.[37] The editing was done by Ratnam's regular, Sreekar Prasad, since Alaipayuthey.[38] Rai's costumes were exclusively designed by fashion designer Sabyasachi Mukherjee.[39] Choreography was by Ganesh Acharya, Brinda, Shobana,[40] and Astad Deboo. Peter Hein and Shyam Koushal choreographed the action sequences and Samir Chanda took care of production design.

Filming

The film was predominantly shot outdoors in various hitherto unseen locations in and around India.[41] Shooting took place at Tumkur (Karnataka), Orchha near Jhansi and the forests of Madhya Pradesh,[42] Mahabaleshwar in Maharashtra.[43] It was also reported that Ratnam had planned to shoot at Sri Lanka[44] [45] but decided against it owing to insurgency by the rebel group LTTE. But Ratnam dismissed the reports as rumours.

Principal photography commenced in October 2008, in the forests near Kochi, Kerala. A few scenes were filmed at Athirappilly Falls, Ratnam's favourite location. Incidentally, he has shot for the songs 'Jiya Jale' in Dil Se.. and 'Barso Re' in Guru at the same location.[46] Forest officials banned the shooting at Malayattoor, an eco-tourism centre, for violating rules and constructing temporary huts,[47] [48] [49] [50] [51] delaying the shoot for 11 days until the issues were resolved on 22 October 2008, while laying down reworked rules.[52] [53] [54] The second leg of the shooting at Ooty that began in December 2008 was also delayed as local cab drivers protested the use of film federation (FEFSI) vehicles which affected their business,[55] [56] forcing a dejected Ratnam to call off the shoot temporarily and move on to Hogenakkal Falls.[57] [58] In February 2009, the crew advanced to Kolkata where the song 'Kalvare' was shot by the banks of Hooghly at Agarpara.[59] [60] [61] [62] Later, as the shooting resumed and progressed at Ooty, Ratnam fell ill in April 2009 and was hospitalised at Apollo Hospitals,[63] [64] [65] causing a further delay of 47 days until filming resumed in June 2009 following his recovery.[66] As the numerous delays affected his other projects, DOP Manikandan walked out in May and was replaced by Santosh Sivan.[67] [68] By July, the crew moved back to Kerala,[69] to reshoot a few scenes at Chalakudy as Ratnam was reportedly unsatisfied after seeing the rushes.[70] [71] This time around, heavy rains played spoilsport leading to another delay in filming.[72] Moreover, when an elephant brought for the shoot ran amok killing the mahout,[73] the Animal Welfare Board served a show cause notice to the production company (Madras Talkies) for not taking permission to use elephants.[74] [75]

The film began its last schedule in August 2009 at the Malshej Ghats in Maharashtra where the climax sequence was shot,[76] the final encounter taking place on a wooden bridge.[77] Production designer Samir Chanda built three identical bridges to facilitate the scene to be captured from different angles.[78] [79] Though initially planned to be built either in Sri Lanka, Australia or South Africa, the bridge was constructed in Mumbai to reduce costs.[80] [81] While bad weather and heavy rains disrupted shoot for a few days,[82] the forest department filed cases against some crew members for trespassing.[83] [84] The film went into post-production by the end of 2009.[85]

Numerous action sequences were performed by the actors.[86] The actors suffered from real cuts and bruises so they didn't need make up.[87] [88] For his introduction scene, the protagonist has to jump from a 90-foot high cliff near the Hogenakkal Falls into the river below.[89] This risky dive was performed by a body double, Balram, a Bangalore based former national diving champion.[90] Kalarippayattu, a martial art form originating from Kerala, was also featured in the film. Sunil Kumar, a Kalari gym trainer from Kozhikode, trained the actors.[91] Contemporary dancer Astad Deboo choreographed a stunt scene for the film.[92] [93] [94] [95]

Vikram got his hair cropped short for his look and it was kept under wraps until the release.[96] Supporting actor Munna tonsured his head and went bald for a scene.[97] Rai was training in Tamil to voice her lines. While Ratnam was impressed with her Tamil and had planned to let her dub,[98] [99] [100] [101] actress Rohini, who had earlier dubbed for Rai in Iruvar and Guru, ended up lending her voice.[102] [103]

Music

See main article: Raavanan (soundtrack). Mani Ratnam's norm composer A. R. Rahman, was roped in to compose the film's soundtrack, collaborating with actor Vikram after a gap of 16 years, since Pudhiya Mannargal (1994). The soundtrack album which was released by Sony Music on 28 May 2010,[104] [105] [106] features six songs with lyrics penned by Vairamuthu, except for the song "Veera", which was penned by Mani Ratnam himself. The same soundtrack was used for the Hindi version of the film, titled Raavan, and the dubbed Telugu version of the film Villain, with the lyrics for the former was penned by Gulzar and the latter was penned by Veturi, which is his last work before his death in May 2010. While the audio rights of both Tamil and dubbed Telugu version was released by Sony Music, the Hindi version was released by T-Series.[107] While the album has six songs in total, five additional songs, which were featured in the movie was released as a collectors's edition special pack on 10 November 2010.[108] [109]

Release

Marketing

A 10 min teaser was released for a promo event.[110] [111] The film look was unveiled at Cannes Film Festival.[112] Villain promotion in Andhra.[113]

Film festival screenings

The film screened at 67th Venice Film Festival.[114] [115] The film was well received at Venice where the audience gave it a thunderous applause after it was screened.[116] The master filmmaker was honoured with the Jaeger-LeCoultre Glory to the Filmmaker Award, an award shared by the likes of legends like Takeshi Kitano, Abbas Kiarostami and Sylvester Stallone.[117] [118] [119] Later, the film has been screened at the 15th Busan International Film Festival.[120] [121] [122] Indian Panorama Film Festival.[123] The film was premiered at the 10th Annual Mahindra Indo-American Arts Council Film Festival in New York City.[124] [125] Jim Luce praised mani ratnam's work and mentioned 'Raavanan is a must see international film of 2010.[126] 29th San Francisco Asian American Film Festival.[127] [128]

Theatrical release

Prior to its release, the film was given a "U" (Universal) certificate by the Central Board of Film Certification without cuts.[129] [130] Raavanan released in 375 screens worldwide. The overseas distribution rights of Raavanan was sold for a record price of $1.5 million to Ayngaran International.[131] Raavanan was previewed at the Devi-Sri Devi Cinema Complex in Chennai, where it received a standing ovation by film personalities including Rajinikanth.[132] [133] [134] [135] The film was also previewed at INOX and was attended by celebrities from tinsel town.[136] It was released worldwide on 18 June 2010,[137] in 375 Screens (225 Screens in India and 150 Screens Overseas).[138] 'The Telugu version Villain released with 215 screens in Andhra and 25 screens overseas. In the US, it was distributed by Big Cinemas.[139] [140] [141] The satellite rights for the film were acquired by Raj TV for $1.1 million.[142]

Reception

Critical response

The film received mixed reviews. Malathi Rangarajan of The Hindu called Ravanan a "masterstroke".[143] A. Srivathsan said that it was "Rai's most genuine performance till date".[144] Deepak Kumaar's review.[145] Hindustan Times review.[146] The CNN-IBN stated that "The film is certainly not the best from Mani Ratnam's Madras Talkies, but it can't be dismissed as shabby. Even if this Raavanan has no shades of grey, overall the film falls under the greyish form of art from Mani Ratnam enterprises, and Aishwarya Rai Bachchan plays the strong woman who does not fear her kidnapper. Her performance is worth a mention but her male co-stars steal the show".[147] IANS praises Mani Ratnam's style, but calls some of the performances "inadequate".[148] Twitch Film review.[149] Madurai Messenger review.[150] Rai's performance was also noted as a highlight of the film according to Rediff, with her performance placing her in a "different league" than other Bollywood actresses.[151] Indiaglitz praised the music, cast, dialogues and cinematography, but stated that the first half was "an utter waste of film reels".[152] The cinematography was called "brilliant" by Behindwoods, although they found a "lack of 'Tamil' feel in the film and its music".[153] Sify rated the film as above average and noted "the film's best-written role, Aishwarya Rai has made a sensational comeback as Ragini, is mesmeric and has come out with an award-winning performance. Prithviraj is the ideal foil for Vikram, and is good. The movie lacks the Mani Ratnam touch in the story and screenplay department, and has a wobbly first half, where the story just does not move. The last 10 minutes are the best part of this 2 hours 7 minutes film".[154] Film critic Sudhish Kamath review.[155] On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a 67% approval rating, based on 18 reviews with an average score of 6.02/10.[156]

The Tamil version was regarded as the better version of the film in comparison to the Hindi version Raavan, with critics particularly applauding the lead performances and the technical work of the film.[157]

Box office

Unlike its Hindi counterpart, which tanked at the box office, the Tamil version tasted success in the South.[158] [159] During its opening weekend on 15 screens in Chennai, it was the number one film and netted, an opening weekend record then.[160] [161] Though the film opened to packed houses, it slumped a little due to mixed reviews but later picked up following a local holiday.[162] The film collected $8 million at the box office in the first month of release[163] including $400,000 from Kerala.[164] [165] It went on to make over 600 million at the worldwide box office and remained one of the top Tamil grossers of the year.[166] Uk opening weekend.[167] UK boxoffice second week.[168] New York boxoffice.[169] [170]

Controversy

It was agreed the film would be screened in Bangalore across 21 screens.[171] When both the versions were screened in more centres, the Karnataka Film Chamber of Commerce (KFCC) approached the court.[172] The film chamber banned the exhibition completely.[173] The Competition Commission of India (CCI), in an interim order, stayed the chamber ban and permitted Reliance Big Entertainment Limited (RBEL) to exhibit the film in 36 cinemas.[174] This order was to be in effect till 22 June 2010.[175] [176]

The film also created a furore in Sri Lanka. Since Amitabh Bachchan, Abhishek and Aishwarya boycotted (protests against the Sri Lankan Civil War) the IIFA awards that was held in Sri Lanka, the film release was protested and theatres were torched.[177] [178] [179] [180] [181] Films of those who attended IIFA in Sri Lanka were banned in Tamil Nadu.[182]

Accolades

Raavanan was one among the films shortlisted for India's submission to the Academy Awards.[183] [184] V. Manikandan was nominated for Best Cinematography award in the Asia Pacific Screen Awards (APSA).[185] [186] [187] [188] The film was praised by Indian politician Muthuvel Karunanidhi.[189] The film was added to the Austrian Film Museum.[190] [191] [192] [193] Peter Heins was nominated at the World Stunt Awards.[194] [195] [196] [197]

58th Filmfare Awards South[198]
5th Vijay Awards
Tamil Nadu State Film Awards

External links

Notes and References

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  3. Web site: Aamir, Kareena in Rathnam's Lajjo . IndiaGlitz . Faridoon Shahryar . 7 August 2006 . 31 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131102135347/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/hindi/article/24318.html . 2 November 2013 .
  4. Web site: Mani Rathnam's 'Lajjo' to start in August, 2007 . IndiaGlitz . Faridoon Shahryar . 5 December 2006 . 31 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131102135041/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/27467.html . 2 November 2013 .
  5. News: Through the master's lens . Sangeetha Devi. K . 6 June 2007 . 31 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131104001927/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2007/06/06/stories/2007060650680100.htm . . 4 November 2013 .
  6. News: Gulzar takes his poems to Japan . DNA India . Indo-Asian News Service . 11 June 2007 . 31 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131102230909/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-gulzar-takes-his-poems-to-japan-1102538 . 2 November 2013 .
  7. News: Lajjo has not been shelved: AR Rahman . https://archive.today/20131106155108/http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/music/lajjo--has-not-been-shelved-ar-rahman/article1-225432.aspx . dead . 6 November 2013 . Hindustan Times . Rachana Dubey . 26 May 2007.
  8. News: Lajjo shelved! . https://archive.today/20131106155051/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-05-26/news-interviews/27884409_1_mani-ratnam-film-taare-zameen-par . dead . 6 November 2013 . . 26 May 2007.
  9. News: Whatever happened to Mani Ratnam's Lajjo? . Hindustan Times . Vajir Singh . 12 May 2007 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131104170722/http://www.hindustantimes.com/news-feed/archived-stories/whatever-happened-to-mani-ratnam-s-lajjo/article1-222276.aspx . 4 November 2013 .
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  14. News: In Kollywood, it's the season of the tri-lingual film . S. Aishwarya . 4 June 2010 . 23 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131016083848/http://www.hindu.com/2010/06/04/stories/2010060459230200.htm . . 16 October 2013 .
  15. Web site: Mani is on their minds . Mid-day . Subhash K Jha . 23 October 2008 . 14 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131017051545/http://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/2008/oct/231008-Mani-ratnam-AbhiAsh-Diwali-Abhishek-Bachchan-Aishwarya-Rai.htm . 17 October 2013 .
  16. Web site: Mani seeks Ashokavanam from Kasthuriraja . Behindwoods.com . 4 February 2009 . 14 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150610202029/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/feb-09-01/ashokavanam-04-02-09.html . 10 June 2015 .
  17. News: Crossing boundaries! . The Indian Express . Namita Nivas . 17 July 2009 . 14 October 2013.
  18. Web site: Why Mani Ratnam did not get the title? . Behindwoods . 24 May 2010 . 21 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131021115055/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/may-10-04/mani-ratnam-raavanan-24-05-10.html . 21 October 2013 .
  19. News: Itsy Bitsy: Epic Effort . Nikhil Raghavan . 20 March 2009 . 9 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131016085140/http://www.hindu.com/cp/2009/03/20/stories/2009032050020800.htm . . 16 October 2013 .
  20. News: Ab tak Bachchan . Harshikaa Udasi . 11 June 2010 . 10 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131016083204/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2010/06/11/stories/2010061157770100.htm . . 16 October 2013 .
  21. Web site: I feel like a beginner: Mani Ratnam. 18 June 2010. The Hindu. https://archive.today/20170921072534/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/I-feel-like-a-beginner-Mani-Ratnam/article16258110.ece. 21 September 2017. live. 21 September 2017.
  22. Web site: Raavan preview . Moviewood . 17 June 2010 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20100423002045/http://www.moviewood.net/bollywood/upcoming-movies/raavan . 23 April 2010 .
  23. News: Second coming . T. Krithika Reddy . 15 October 2013 . 28 May 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131016131333/http://www.hindu.com/cp/2010/05/28/stories/2010052850040100.htm . . 16 October 2013 .
  24. Web site: Prabhu on cloud nine . IndiaGlitz . 13 October 2008 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131023062236/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/42241.html . 23 October 2013 .
  25. News: Abhishek's sister? Not me! . https://web.archive.org/web/20131029211214/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-08-31/news-interviews/28202124_1_priya-mani-raavana-mani-ratnam . dead . 29 October 2013 . Meena Iyer . 31 August 2009 . . 28 October 2013.
  26. News: P Sangeetha . Ash liked my work: Munna . https://web.archive.org/web/20131016091554/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-06-24/news-interviews/28298704_1_raavanan-munna-wedding-reception . dead . 16 October 2013 . 14 October 2013 . . 24 June 2010.
  27. News: Bipasha is 'Ravana' Abhi's wife . https://web.archive.org/web/20131029212245/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-09-09/news-interviews/28103705_1_ravana-mandodari-bipasha-basu-s-homepage . dead . 29 October 2013 . Vickey Lalwani . 9 September 2009 . . 28 October 2013.
  28. News: Bipasha Basu joins the cast of 'Raavan' . The Indian Express . Geety Sahgal . 18 September 2009 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20130131142817/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/bipasha-basu-joins-the-cast-of--raavan-/518632 . 31 January 2013 .
  29. Web site: Bipasha Basu as Mandodari . Galatta . Baiju NT . 11 September 2009 . 28 October 2013 . 22 October 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131022061217/http://www.galatta.com/tamil/news/raavan-ashokavanam-bipasha-basu-as-mandodari/29944/ . dead .
  30. News: Bipasha's role in Raavan scrapped . https://web.archive.org/web/20131023062910/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-10-05/news-interviews/28061686_1_bipasha-basu-bengali-beauty-film . dead . 23 October 2013 . Meena Iyer . . 5 October 2009.
  31. News: Not doing 'Raavan' an amicable decision: Bipasha . The Hindu . Indo-Asian News Service . 11 October 2009 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131023064139/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/not-doing-raavan-an-amicable-decision-bipasha/article32205.ece . 23 October 2013 .
  32. News: Bipasha out of Raavan? . India Today . Dheeraj Juneja . 7 October 2009 . 23 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131029210800/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/Bipasha%2Bout%2Bof%2BRaavan/1/65176.html . 29 October 2013 .
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  134. Web site: Rajinikanth watches Raavanan . . Moviebuzz . 18 June 2010 . 31 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20140108082451/http://www.sify.com/entertainment/movies/tamil/fullstory.php?id=14945861 . 8 January 2014 .
  135. Web site: Rajnikanth on Raavanan . Behindwoods . 18 June 2010 . 31 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131102093230/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/jun-10-03/rajnikanth-raavan-vikram-18-06-10.html . 2 November 2013 .
  136. News: The 10 headed monster reborn . The Hindu . Dev . 20 June 2010 . 9 October 2013 . https://archive.today/20131010071456/http://www.hindu.com/rp/2010/06/20/stories/2010062050090300.htm. 10 October 2013.
  137. News: Raavanan set to hit the screens on Friday . S. Aishwarya . 15 June 2010 . 8 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110527192359/http://www.hindu.com/2010/06/15/stories/2010061561530200.htm . . 27 May 2011 .
  138. News: Raavan to hit 2200 screens worldwide today . Hindustan Times . Indo-Asian News Service . 17 June 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100620214111/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Raavan-to-hit-2200-screens-worldwide-today/Article1-559198.aspx . 20 June 2010 .
  139. News: Tamil, Telugu versions of Raavan to release in US . Hindustan Times . Indo-Asian News Service . 12 June 2010 . 30 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101024955/http://www.hindustantimes.com/news-feed/entertainment/tamil-telugu-versions-of-raavan-to-release-in-us/article1-556611.aspx . 1 November 2013 .
  140. News: BIG cinemas to release RAAVANAN and VILLAIN in USA . The Siasat Daily . 12 June 2010 . 30 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131031211847/http://www.siasat.com/english/news/big-cinemas-release-raavanan-and-villain-usa . 31 October 2013 .
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  142. Web site: 17 June 2010. Jaya TV grabs Raavanan for record price. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20121008164101/http://www.sify.com/movies/raj-tv-grabs-raavanan-for-record-price-news-tamil-kkfqywhahdg.html. 8 October 2012. 4 August 2012. Sify.
  143. News: A masterstroke yet again . The Hindu . Malathi Rangarajan . 19 June 2010 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150201122934/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/article474237.ece . 1 February 2015 .
  144. News: Promises not kept . A. Srivathsan . 11 July 2010 . 9 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101162654/http://www.hindu.com/mag/2010/07/11/stories/2010071150200500.htm . . 1 November 2013 .
  145. News: Raavanan – revisiting an epic . The Hindu . J. M. Deepak Kumaar . 29 June 2010 . 15 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131102191300/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/raavanan-revisiting-an-epic/article482175.ece . 2 November 2013 .
  146. News: Gautaman Bhaskaran's Review: Raavanan . Hindustan Times . Gautaman Bhaskaran . 19 June 2010 . 15 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131023235812/http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/reviews/gautaman-bhaskaran-s-review-raavanan/article1-560002.aspx . 23 October 2013 .
  147. News: Vikram, Prithviraj excel in 'Raavanan' . . Renju Joseph . 19 June 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100624012758/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/review-vikram-prithviraj-excel-in-raavanan/124825-47-92.html . 24 June 2010 .
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  150. News: Raavanan: Old Wine in New Bottle . Madurai Messenger . Allen Worwood Somerset . July 2010 . 15 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101085808/http://www.maduraimessenger.org/printed-version/2010/july/raavanan/ . 1 November 2013 .
  151. Web site: Vikram's Raavanan is better, as is Prithviraj's Dev . Rediff . Saisuresh Sivaswamy . 18 June 2010 . 4 August 2012 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160505051700/http://movies.rediff.com/review/2010/jun/18/review-raavanan-is-better-than-raavan.htm . 5 May 2016 .
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  157. Web site: Raavanan is all style, little substance . . Pavithra Srinivasan . 18 June 2010 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20100621074651/http://movies.rediff.com/report/2010/jun/18/south-tamil-movie-review-raavanan.htm . 21 June 2010 .
  158. News: Limelight - Going places . . 10 October 2010 . 10 October 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120619094839/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1101010/jsp/7days/story_13040099.jsp . 19 June 2012 .
  159. News: It's a bear run out there . Sangeetha Devi Dundoo . 25 June 2010 . 10 October 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101142826/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2010/06/25/stories/2010062550220100.htm . . 1 November 2013 .
  160. Web site: Chennai Box Office – June 18 to 25 . . Movie Buzz . 22 June 2010 . 4 August 2012 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20121019160326/http://www.sify.com/movies/boxoffice.php?id=14946268&cid=13525926 . 19 October 2012 .
  161. Web site: Reliance: Raavan collects 38 crore, Raavanan: 11 crore; Final public verdict . IBOS network . 23 June 2010 . 30 October 2013.
  162. News: A big relief for Raavanan! . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101034719/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-06-29/news-interviews/28296333_1_raavanan-cds-coimbatore . dead . 1 November 2013 . TNN . 29 June 2010 . . 30 October 2013.
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  164. Web site: Mani's Raavanan rocks Kerala! . . Movie Buzz . 25 June 2010 . 4 August 2012 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100629074503/http://sify.com/movies/malayalam/fullstory.php?id=14946787 . 29 June 2010 .
  165. News: Raavan performs better on Mani Ratnam's home turf . Business Standard . 22 June 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100625052354/http://sify.com/movies/bollywood/fullstory.php?id=14946304&cid=2359 . 25 June 2010 .
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  169. News: New York City Box office: Weekend of June 25, 2010 – June 27, 2010 . The New York Times . Nielsen EDI, Inc . 30 October 2012.
  170. Web site: Raavanan: Box-Office . Screenrush . 30 October 2012 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101010833/http://www.screenrush.co.uk/films/film-182637/box-office/ . 1 November 2013 .
  171. Web site: Raavan to play in only 24 theatres in Bangalore . Rediff.com . 18 June 2010 . 15 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140310155408/http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/raavan-to-play-in-only-24-screens-in-bangalore/20100618.htm . 10 March 2014 .
  172. News: KFCC moves court over film release . The Hindu . 22 June 2010 . 9 October 2013 . https://archive.today/20131010071534/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2010062252900500.htm&date=2010/06/22/&prd=th&. 10 October 2013.
  173. Web site: 4 Days to Raavanan- Bad news from B'lore! . . Moviebuzz . 14 June 2010 . 15 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20140412173301/http://www.sify.com/movies/boxoffice.php?id=14945348&cid=2363 . 12 April 2014 .
  174. News: KFCC barred from stopping Raavan show . https://archive.today/20131015081653/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-06-19/bangalore/28315486_1_kfcc-karnataka-film-chamber-raavanan . dead . 15 October 2013 . TNN . 19 June 2010 . . 15 October 2013.
  175. News: Raavan is now out of court . The Hindu . 29 June 2010 . 9 October 2013 . https://archive.today/20131010071451/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2010062954030400.htm&date=2010/06/29/&prd=th&. 10 October 2013.
  176. News: Competition Commission to Raavan's rescue . 19 June 2010 . 9 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110920074144/http://www.hindu.com/2010/06/19/stories/2010061965110100.htm . . 20 September 2011 .
  177. News: Protests against 'Raavanan' in Lanka . The Navhind Times. 21 June 2010 . 15 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101105245/http://www.navhindtimes.in/world-news/protests-against-raavanan-lanka . 1 November 2013 .
  178. News: Raavanan and Ravana . The Diplomat . N. V. Subramanian . 23 June 2010 . 15 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131106015157/https://thediplomat.com/indian-decade/2010/06/23/raavanan-and-ravana/ . 6 November 2013 .
  179. News: 'Raavanan' faces protests in Sri Lanka, theatre torched . The Economic Times . Press Trust of India . 20 June 2010 . 15 October 2013.
  180. News: Lanka theatre torched ahead of Raavanan . CNN-IBN . 20 June 2010 . 15 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131206192935/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/lanka-theatre-torched-ahead-of-raavanan/124883-8-68.html . 6 December 2013 .
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  182. News: Hey Ram! Raavanan escapes industry ban . The New Indian Express . Sharadha Narayanan . 18 June 2010 . 30 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131104073828/http://newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/article439770.ece . 4 November 2013 .
  183. News: Peepli Live is India's official entry for Oscars . The Hindu . 25 September 2010 . 9 October 2013 . https://archive.today/20131010071451/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2010092557151700.htm&date=2010/09/25/&prd=th&. 10 October 2013.
  184. News: Peepli Live deserved it: K-town . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101035810/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-09-26/news-interviews/28249986_1_peepli-live-film-raavanan . dead . 1 November 2013 . TNN . 26 September 2010 . . 30 October 2013.
  185. News: Indo-Asian News Service . India gets five nominations at Asia Pacific Screen Awards . 15 October 2013 . Deccan Herald . 18 October 2010 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131015212908/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/105505/india-gets-five-nominations-asia.html . 15 October 2013 .
  186. News: Raavanan is awarded, after being a flop . The New Indian Express . Sampurn Wire . 2 November 2010 . 30 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131104065359/http://newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/article277139.ece . 4 November 2013 .
  187. Web site: 'Raavanan' cinematography nominated for APSA award . IndiaGlitz . 19 October 2010 . 15 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131015204717/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/60932.html . 15 October 2013 .
  188. Web site: Raavanan reaches APSA award nominations . 88db.com . 31 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131102185038/http://reviews.in.88db.com/index.php/movie/movie-news/4029-raavanan-reaches-apsa-award-nominations . 2 November 2013 .
  189. News: Vikram is loaded with accolades . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101034804/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-09-23/news-interviews/28234673_1_vikram-accolades-raavanan . dead . 1 November 2013 . TNN . 23 September 2010 . . 30 October 2013.
  190. News: Mani Ratnam's 'Raavanan' part of Austrian Film Museum . CNN-IBN . Indo-Asian News Service . 2 March 2012 . 30 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131005070544/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/mani-ratnams-raavanan-part-of-austrian-film-museum/235553-8-68.html . 5 October 2013 .
  191. News: Aishwarya's 'Raavanan' in Austrian Film Museum . Emirates 24/7 . 4 March 2012 . 30 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101232831/http://www.emirates247.com/entertainment/aishwarya-s-raavanan-in-austrian-film-museum-2012-03-04-1.446304 . 1 November 2013 .
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  194. News: Peter Heins nominated for World Stunt Awards . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101035345/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-05-12/news-interviews/29535934_1_filmfare-award-raavan-magnum-opus . dead . 1 November 2013 . 12 May 2011 . . 30 October 2013.
  195. Web site: Stunt master Peter Hein nominated for Taurus World Stunt Award . 88db.com . 30 October 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101044128/http://reviews.in.88db.com/index.php/movie/movie-news/9608-stunt-master-peter-hein-nominated-for-taurus-world-stunt-award . 1 November 2013 .
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  197. Web site: Stunt master brings glory to Tamil cinema . Behindwoods . 14 May 2011 . 30 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131030075933/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/may-11-02/peter-hein-endhiran-14-05-11.html . 30 October 2013 .
  198. News: Vedam wins big at Filmfare Awards (South) 2011 . Rediff . 4 July 2011 . 30 October 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150811090835/http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/vedam-wins-big-at-filmfare-awards-2011/20110704.htm . 11 August 2015 .
  199. News: Mani sir, I owe you one . https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025433/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-07-04/news-interviews/29735307_1_raavanan-mani-chiyaan-vikram . dead . 21 September 2012 . TNN . 4 July 2011 . . 30 October 2013.
  200. News: Tamil Nadu State Film Awards for 2009 to 2014 presented to winners; here's the list of winners . The Hindu . 4 September 2022 .

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