RTN1 explained

Reticulon-1 also known as neuroendocrine-specific protein (NSP) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RTN1 gene.^{[1] [2]}

This gene belongs to the family of reticulon-encoding genes. Reticulons are associated with the endoplasmic reticulum, and are involved in neuroendocrine secretion or in membrane trafficking in neuroendocrine cells. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. Multiple promoters rather than alternative splicing of internal exons seem to be involved in this diversity.^[2]

Interactions

RTN1 has been shown to interact with BCL2-like 1^[3] and UGCG.^[4]

Further reading

• Senden NH, van de Velde HJ, Broers JL, Timmer ED, Roebroek AJ, van de Ven WJ, Ramaekers FC . Cluster-10 lung-cancer antibodies recognize NSPs, novel neuro-endocrine proteins associated with membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum . Int. J. Cancer Suppl. . 8 . 84–8 . 1994 . 7515034 . 10.1002/ijc.2910570718 . 22321780 .
• Roebroek AJ, van de Velde HJ, Van Bokhoven A, Broers JL, Ramaekers FC, Van de Ven WJ . Cloning and expression of alternative transcripts of a novel neuroendocrine-specific gene and identification of its 135-kDa translational product . J. Biol. Chem. . 268 . 18 . 13439–47 . 1993 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)38669-7 . 7685762 . free .
• van de Velde HJ, Roebroek AJ, Senden NH, Ramaekers FC, Van de Ven WJ . NSP-encoded reticulons, neuroendocrine proteins of a novel gene family associated with membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum . J. Cell Sci. . 107 . 9 . 2403–16 . 1995 . 10.1242/jcs.107.9.2403 . 7844160 .
• van de Velde HJ, Senden NH, Roskams TA, Broers JL, Ramaekers FC, Roebroek AJ, Van de Ven WJ . NSP-encoded reticulons are neuroendocrine markers of a novel category in human lung cancer diagnosis . Cancer Res. . 54 . 17 . 4769–76 . 1994 . 8062278 .
• Roebroek AJ, Ayoubi TA, Van de Velde HJ, Schoenmakers EF, Pauli IG, Van de Ven WJ . Genomic organization of the human NSP gene, prototype of a novel gene family encoding reticulons . Genomics . 32 . 2 . 191–9 . 1997 . 8833145 . 10.1006/geno.1996.0105 .
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB . Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery . Genome Res. . 6 . 9 . 791–806 . 1997 . 8889548 . 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 . free .
• Senden NH, Timmer ED, Boers JE, van de Velde HJ, Roebroek AJ, Van de Ven WJ, Broers JL, Ramaekers FC . Neuroendocrine-specific protein C (NSP-C): subcellular localization and differential expression in relation to NSP-A . Eur. J. Cell Biol. . 69 . 3 . 197–213 . 1996 . 8900485 .
• Hens J, Nuydens R, Geerts H, Senden NH, Van de Ven WJ, Roebroek AJ, van de Velde HJ, Ramaekers FC, Broers JL . Neuronal differentiation is accompanied by NSP-C expression . Cell Tissue Res. . 292 . 2 . 229–37 . 1998 . 9560466 . 10.1007/s004410051054 . 1743385 .
• Tagami S, Eguchi Y, Kinoshita M, Takeda M, Tsujimoto Y . A novel protein, RTN-XS, interacts with both Bcl-XL and Bcl-2 on endoplasmic reticulum and reduces their anti-apoptotic activity . Oncogene . 19 . 50 . 5736–46 . 2001 . 11126360 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1203948 . free .
• Oertle T, Klinger M, Stuermer CA, Schwab ME . A reticular rhapsody: phylogenic evolution and nomenclature of the RTN/Nogo gene family . FASEB J. . 17 . 10 . 1238–47 . 2003 . 12832288 . 10.1096/fj.02-1166hyp . free . 10.1.1.124.969 . 27903 .
• Di Sano F, Fazi B, Citro G, Lovat PE, Cesareni G, Piacentini M . Glucosylceramide synthase and its functional interaction with RTN-1C regulate chemotherapeutic-induced apoptosis in neuroepithelioma cells . Cancer Res. . 63 . 14 . 3860–5 . 2003 . 12873973 .
• Iwahashi J, Hamada N . Human reticulon 1-A and 1-B interact with a medium chain of the AP-2 adaptor complex . Cell. Mol. Biol. (Noisy-le-grand) . 49 Online Pub . OL467–71 . 2004 . 14995077 .
• Hu Y, Fang X, Dunham SM, Prada C, Stachowiak EK, Stachowiak MK . 90-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase is a direct target for the nuclear fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1): role in FGFR1 signaling . J. Biol. Chem. . 279 . 28 . 29325–35 . 2004 . 15117958 . 10.1074/jbc.M311144200 . free .
• He W, Lu Y, Qahwash I, Hu XY, Chang A, Yan R . Reticulon family members modulate BACE1 activity and amyloid-beta peptide generation . Nat. Med. . 10 . 9 . 959–65 . 2004 . 15286784 . 10.1038/nm1088 . 23570406 .
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 .
• Mannan AU, Boehm J, Sauter SM, Rauber A, Byrne PC, Neesen J, Engel W . Spastin, the most commonly mutated protein in hereditary spastic paraplegia interacts with Reticulon 1 an endoplasmic reticulum protein . Neurogenetics . 7 . 2 . 93–103 . 2007 . 16602018 . 10.1007/s10048-006-0034-4 . 8509463 .

Notes and References

1. Kools PF, Roebroek AJ, Van de Velde HJ, Marynen P, Bullerdiek J, Van de Ven WJ . Regional mapping of the human NSP gene to chromosome region 14q21→q22 by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis . Cytogenet Cell Genet . 66 . 1 . 48–50 . February 1994 . 8275708 . 10.1159/000133662 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: RTN1 reticulon 1.
3. Tagami S, Eguchi Y, Kinoshita M, Takeda M, Tsujimoto Y . A novel protein, RTN-XS, interacts with both Bcl-XL and Bcl-2 on endoplasmic reticulum and reduces their anti-apoptotic activity . Oncogene . 19 . 50 . 5736–46 . November 2000 . 11126360 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1203948 . free .
4. Di Sano F, Fazi B, Citro G, Lovat PE, Cesareni G, Piacentini M . Glucosylceramide synthase and its functional interaction with RTN-1C regulate chemotherapeutic-induced apoptosis in neuroepithelioma cells . Cancer Res. . 63 . 14 . 3860–5 . July 2003 . 12873973 .